Investigation of edge taping method applied to vacuum insulation panels

Choi, Bongsu,Song, Tae-Ho Elsevier 2017 Energy and buildings Vol.134 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Vacuum insulation panel (VIP), commonly composed of an evacuated filler material and a vacuum envelope, is drawing attention for the outstanding insulation performance compared with conventional insulators. As an associated problem, however, its effective thermal conductivity may be increased, since additional heat is transferred through the envelope edge; this is called edge conduction. It is significantly large if the envelope includes an Al-foil layer. In this paper, the edge conduction for VIPs with Al-foil envelope is investigated from experiments, numerical results, and theoretical analyses.</P> <P>‘Edge taping method’ is investigated as a means to reduce the edge conduction, where insulation stripes are attached along the edges of the envelope. Numerical analyses and experiments are performed to verify this method and an analytical solution is proposed. The results show excellent agreements among themselves and prove that the edge conduction can be substantially reduced by the edge taping. Also, dimensional analysis is performed and the ‘easy-to-use’ analytical solution is expressed in a dimensionless form. Use of the proposed relation helps one determine a quantitative sizing of physical parameters in the edge taping method.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Edge conduction of VIP with Al-foil envelope is investigated. </LI> <LI> Edge taping method is proposed to reduce the edge conduction. </LI> <LI> Edge taping method is validated with the numerical results and experiments. </LI> <LI> Approximate solution of effective thermal conductivity for edge-taped VIP is obtained. </LI> </UL> </P>

Cyclic Linearization and Edge Effect: A Comparative Analysis Using English and Korean

( Hoonjoo Ko ) 대한언어학회 2023 언어학 Vol.31 No.2

This paper provides a comparative analysis of two syntactic approaches, Cyclic Linearization (CL) theory and Edge effect, in the context of English and Korean syntax. We focus on their application to data sets involving structures with multiple specifiers, where the relative status of specifiers is crucial for determining further movement possibilities. The analysis reveals that only the highest edge is available for further syntactic operations. We illustrate our analysis with examples of English and Korean sentences, showing that the extraction of elements from multiple edges is governed by specific syntactic factors. Both CL theory and Edge effect offer explanations for this behavior, but we show that CL theory has limitations in handling certain syntactic structures. In contrast, Edge effect emerges as a more robust and versatile approach, offering a satisfactory explanation for a broader range of syntactic structures across languages. By comparing the applicability and explanatory power of CL theory and Edge effect, this paper contributes valuable insights to the field of syntax, ultimately advocating for Edge effect as a more suitable and economical approach in understanding the mechanisms governing multiple edge extraction and syntactic phenomena across languages. Our findings shed light on the debate over the applicability of these approaches, and we hope that they can inform future research in syntax. The comparative analysis presented in this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the syntactic behavior of multiple edge extraction in English and Korean, and its implications for syntactic theory.

Transverse electric field-induced quantum valley Hall effects in zigzag-edge graphene nanoribbons

Lee, Kyu Won,Lee, Cheol Eui Elsevier 2018 Physics Letters A Vol.382 No.32

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We have investigated gapless edge states in zigzag-edge graphene nanoribbons under a transverse electric field across the opposite edges by using a tight-binding model and the density functional theory calculations. The tight-binding model predicted that a quantum valley Hall effect occurs at the vacuum-nanoribbon interface under a transverse electric field and, in the presence of edge potentials with opposite signs on opposite edges, an additional quantum valley Hall effect occurs under a much lower field. Dangling bonds inevitable at the edges of real nanoribbons, functional groups terminating the edge dangling bonds, and spin polarizations at the edges result in the edge potentials. The density functional theory calculations confirmed that asymmetric edge terminations, such as one having hydrogen at an edge and fluorine at the other edge, lead to the quantum valley Hall effect even in the absence of a transverse electric field. The electric field-induced half-metallicity in the antiferromagnetic phase, which has been intensively investigated in the last decade, was revealed to originate from a half-metallic quantum valley Hall effect.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The transverse electric field induces quantum valley Hall effects in zigzag-edge graphene nanoribbons. </LI> <LI> Asymmetric edge terminations lead to a quantum valley Hall effect even in the absence of the electric field. </LI> <LI> The electric field-induced half-metallicity originates from a half-metallic quantum valley Hall effect. </LI> </UL> </P>

Edge effects confirmed at the clear-cut area of Korean red pine forest in Uljin, eastern Korea

Jung, Song Hie,Lim, Chi Hong,Kim, A Reum,Woo, Dong Min,Kwon, Hye Jin,Cho, Yong Chan,Lee, Chang Seok The Ecological Society of Korea 2017 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.41 No.10

Background: Forest edges create distinctive ecological space as adjacent constituents, which distinguish between different ecosystems or land use types. These edges are made by anthropogenic or natural disturbance and affects both abiotic and biotic factors gradually. This study was carried out to assess edge effects on disturbed landscape at the pine-dominated clear-cut area in a genetic resources reserve in Uljin-gun, eastern Korea. This study aims to estimate the distance of edge influence by analyzing changes of abiotic and biotic factors along the distance from forest edge. Further, we recommend forest management strategy for sustaining healthy forest landscapes by reducing effects of deforestation. Results: Distance of edge effect based on the abiotic factors varied from 8.2 to 33.0 m. The distances were the longest in $Mg^{2+}$ content and total nitrogen, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$ contents, canopy openness, light intensity, air humidity, $Na^+$ content, and soil temperature followed. The result based on biotic factors varied from 6.8 to 29.5 m, coverage of tree species in the herb layer showed the longest distance and coverage of shrub plant in the herb layer, evenness, species diversity, total coverage of herb layer, and species richness followed. As the result of calculation of edge effect by synthesizing 26 factors measured in this study, the effect was shown from 11.0 m of the forest interior to 22.4 m of the open space. In the result of stand ordination, Rhododendron mucronulatum, R. schlippenbachii, and Fraxinus sieboldiana dominated arrangement of forest interior sites and Quercus mongolica, Vitis amurensis, and Rubus crataegifolius dominated spatial distribution of the open area plots. Conclusions: Forest interior habitat lies within the influence of both abiotic and biotic edge effects. Therefore, we need a forest management strategy to sustain the stability of the plant and further animal communities that depend on its stable conditions. For protecting forest interior, we recommend selective logging as a harvesting method for minimizing edge effects by anthropogenic disturbance. In fact, it was known that selective logging contributes to control light availability and wind regime, which are key factors affecting microclimate. In addition, ecological restoration applying protective planting for the remaining forest in the clear-cut area could contribute to prevent continuous disturbance in forest interior.

Non-isothermal Simulation of Edge Effect in LCM Process for Plain-Weave Fabric

Wenkai Yang 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.11

Edge effect is a common phenomenon in liquid composite molding (LCM), which has a significant impact on the performance of composite components. Plain-weave fabric is widely used in LCM process. Nevertheless, the yarns of plain-weave fabric in edge area are easy to shed which will cause the edge effect. Meanwhile, the current LCM process is non-isothermal, which the infiltration effect and curing efficiency are improved by heating the resin and the mold. Few systemic researches can be found in the edge effect of LCM process caused by shedding yarns under non-isothermal conditions. This article applied a method to calculate the permeability which considered the yarn shedding of plain-weave fabric. A non-isothermal rheological model of resin is established through resin viscosity and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments. A simulation model of the edge effect due to yarns shedding under non-isothermal conditions is proposed. This model divides the flow region into the central area, edge area and gap area. Simulation of edge effect is realized by setting three different permeability areas and combining them with the non-isothermal rheological model. Simulation results of edge effect are verified by the non-isothermal flow experiments.

Edge effects confirmed at the clear-cut area of Korean red pine forest in Uljin, eastern Korea

정송희,임치홍,김아름,우동민,권혜진,조용찬,이창석 한국생태학회 2017 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.41 No.10

Background: Forest edges create distinctive ecological space as adjacent constituents, which distinguish between different ecosystems or land use types. These edges are made by anthropogenic or natural disturbance and affects both abiotic and biotic factors gradually. This study was carried out to assess edge effects on disturbed landscape at the pine-dominated clear-cut area in a genetic resources reserve in Uljin-gun, eastern Korea. This study aims to estimate the distance of edge influence by analyzing changes of abiotic and biotic factors along the distance from forest edge. Further, we recommend forest management strategy for sustaining healthy forest landscapes by reducing effects of deforestation. Results: Distance of edge effect based on the abiotic factors varied from 8.2 to 33.0 m. The distances were the longest in Mg2+ content and total nitrogen, K+, Ca2+ contents, canopy openness, light intensity, air humidity, Na+ content, and soil temperature followed. The result based on biotic factors varied from 6.8 to 29.5 m, coverage of tree species in the herb layer showed the longest distance and coverage of shrub plant in the herb layer, evenness, species diversity, total coverage of herb layer, and species richness followed. As the result of calculation of edge effect by synthesizing 26 factors measured in this study, the effect was shown from 11.0 m of the forest interior to 22.4 m of the open space. In the result of stand ordination, Rhododendron mucronulatum, R. schlippenbachii, and Fraxinus sieboldiana dominated arrangement of forest interior sites and Quercus mongolica, Vitis amurensis, and Rubus crataegifolius dominated spatial distribution of the open area plots. Conclusions: Forest interior habitat lies within the influence of both abiotic and biotic edge effects. Therefore, we need a forest management strategy to sustain the stability of the plant and further animal communities that depend on its stable conditions. For protecting forest interior, we recommend selective logging as a harvesting method for minimizing edge effects by anthropogenic disturbance. In fact, it was known that selective logging contributes to control light availability and wind regime, which are key factors affecting microclimate. In addition, ecological restoration applying protective planting for the remaining forest in the clear-cut area could contribute to prevent continuous disturbance in forest interior.

강원도 남부 지역에서 소나무림 벌채 후 형성된 숲 가장자리의 회복 과정

김준수 ( Jun-soo Kim ),조용찬 ( Yong-chan Cho ),배관호 ( Kwan-ho Bae ) 한국임학회 2017 한국산림과학회지 Vol.106 No.1

산림 벌채 후 형성되는 가장자리 효과의 발생 여부과 회복 과정을 이해하는 것은 생태계 천이와 경관 및 서식지의 공간 영향을 분석하고 이해하는 필수 요소임에도 불구하고, 우리나라에서 관련 주제의 실증 연구는 찾아보기 어렵다. 본 연구는 강원 남부 지역의 소나무림 벌채 후 1, 3, 10, 16년이 경과한 장소에 형성된 벌채지 및 임내 가장자리에서 비생물 및 생물 요인의 변화 양상을 선 (20개) 및 방형구 (340개) 조사법을 병용하여 조사하였다. 벌채 후 초기(3년 이내)는 가장 자리에서 인접 숲 내부 방향으로, 15m 깊이까지 식생 피도, 풍부도, 수관 열림도, 그리고 대기 온도 및 습도가 급격하게 변화하였다. 가장자리 형성 이후, 비생물 요인 및 식물 풍부도의 안정화는 각각 10년 및 16년이 소요되었다. 교목종이 초본식물에 비하여 가장자리 환경에서 더 높은 증가 양상을 나타내었고, 교목종의 높은 증가는 하층식생의 동태에 영향을 주었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 벌채에 의한 직·간접적인 서식지 변화는 최소 인접 산림의 15 m에서 20 m까지, 그리고 16년 수준까지 지속적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 경관 및 서식지 패치 평가에 필수적인 가장자리 효과의 깊이에 대한 첫 국내 첫 실증 연구자료로 친환경벌채 기준제시 등 활용성이 높다. Forest harvest as large scale artificial disturbance makes edge environment in both clear-cutted and forested habitat. To clarify the development and recovery process of forest edge after disturbances is essential to understand vegetation responses and landscape level consequences such as edge-distance. In Korea, after clear-cutting, edgerelated changes of environment and vegetation was not clarified yet. In Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) forest, by applying space-for-time approach (sites with undisturbed and 1, 3, 10, 16 yr after cutting), the edge-related change of plant abundance and abiotic factors were determined for 20 line-transect (60 m) and 340 (1 m × 5 m) quadrats, and clarified depth and duration of the disturbance. Immediately after edge formation, within 15m form the edge, biotic and abiotic factors such as cover, richness, canopy openness, temperature and moisture content exhibited larger changes compared to forest interior. Plant abundance and abiotic variables were stabilized at the level of forest inside within 16 yr and 10 yr after edge creation, respectively. Woody (tree and shrub) species generally was showed larger increment with proximity to edge than did herb or graminoid species. In addition, negative interactions between woody and herbaceous species were detected during the period of forest edge closure. Our results suggested that depth of forest edge formed by clear-cutting of Korean red pine forest was at least from 15 m to 20 m and edge effect were likely sustained more than 16 years. As the first empirical study on edge-distance between two contrast habitats of clear-cutted and adjacent forest in South Korea, the analytical reality on landscape structure and habitat patches can be improved.

Topological confinement effect of edge potentials in zigzag-edge graphene nanoribbons under a staggered bulk potential

이규원,이철의 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.10

We have investigated topological confinement effects of edge potentials on gapless edge states in zigzagedge graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) under a staggered bulk potential. A variety of gapless edge states were predicted with the concept of topological confinement effect alone, which was confirmed by using tight-binding model calculations. Half-metallicity of ZGNR, which has been semiclassically described, was revealed to fundamentally result from a topological confinement effect. Edge potentials were found to allow an infinitesimal staggered bulk potential to result in gapless edge states, regardless of the ribbon width. A uniform or staggered potential applied to the boundary region narrower than a critical width was found to play a role of the edge potentials, and the critical width was estimated.

CRC를 사용한 터보부호에서 edge-effect를 감소시키기 위한 인터리버

이병길,배상재,정건현,주언경,Lee, Byeong-Gil,Bae, Sang-Jae,Jeong, Geon-Hyeon,Ju, Eon-Gyeong 대한전자공학회 2002 電子工學會論文誌-TC (Telecommunications) Vol.39 No.4

차세대 이동통신 시스템에서 고품질의 멀티미디어 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 강력한 오류정정부호의 사용이 필수적이다. 터보부호에서는 반복복호를 수행함으로써 우수한 오류성능을 얻을 수 있지만 반복복호 회수가 증가될수록 연산량과 지연시간도 증가된다. 따라서 우수한 오류성능을 유지하면서 반복복호 회수를 줄이기 위한 방법이 요구된다. CRC를 사용하는 터보부호는 이러한 반복복호 회수를 줄일 수 있는 가장 효과적인 방법으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 CRC를 사용하지 않은 기존의 터보부호에서와 같이 CRC를 사용하는 터보부호에서도 edge-effect에 의해 오류성능이 크게 저하될 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존의 s-랜덤 인터리버에 D-파라메타를 적용하여 edge-effect를 제거하기 위한 방법이 제시된다. 모의실험 결과 CRC를 사용한 터보부호에서 본 논문에서 제시된 D-파라메타를 적용한 인터리버를 사용하는 경우 edge-effect가 완전히 제거됨을 확인할 수 있었다. In the next generation mobile communications, powerful channel coding is essential in order to obtain high quality multimedia services. Turbo code can achieve good error performance by iterative decoding, but more iterations result in additional computational complexity and delay. Thus, a method to reduce the number of iterations without additional performance degradation is needed. Turbo code with CRC is known to be the most efficient method to reduce the number of iterations. In this scheme, the performance may be degraded by the edge-effect like the conventional turbo code without CRC. In this paper, a method to eliminate the edge-effect is proposed by adopting D-parameter to the conventional s-random interleaver. As results of simulation, the edge-effect of the turbo code with CRC is shown to be successfully eliminated by using the new interleaver designed with D-parameter.

Effect of the Electrode Edge on the Viewing Angle Property of a Patterned Vertical Alignment Liquid Crystal Cell

최정민,지승훈,이기동 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008 Journal of information display Vol.9 No.4

This paper investigates the effect of the electrode edge of a patterned vertical alignment (PVA) liquid crystal (LC) device on the viewing angle characteristics. In general, a transmissive LCD applies an LC layer with half-wave retardation for a bright state and with zero retardation for a dark state. The retardation of the LC layer would be distorted in each point, however, when a voltage is applied because of the non-uniform voltage distribution in the electrode edge effect. In this paper, the feasibility of the full effect of the electrode edge on the viewing angle property is considered, and the optical viewing angles of the VA LCD with a uniform half-wave LC layer and the PVA LCD with a practical non-uniform LC layer are compared.