전환기의 동아시아 사회와 왜구

이영(Yi Young) 한국사연구회 2003 한국사연구 Vol.123 No.-

The researchers in Japan have recognized the wake after the year of 1350 as "the normal people (soldiers, retailers, fishermen) in the border area plundered the villages in the disorganized period of the war between Southern and Northern government in Japan". They even insist, "Japanese pirates and Goryeo, Joseon people joined together in this plunder". The historical view from Korea about Waegu is also followed by these recognitions. Therefore, the historical role of Waegu after the year of 1350 was underestimated. However, the Waegu after the year of 1350 paralyzed the government system of Goryeo through the plunder of goods, kidnapping innocent people, and setting the fire to government offices. The Waegu also brought the change of tax transfer system in Goryeo since they plundered the commercial place and the merchant ships. Goryeo government migrated people to the inland areas where is located far from the seashore because they could not consider the efficient counter plan to Waegu. This meant that Goryeo government abandoned the fertile agricultural land. This policy also caused the wandering and a famine of people. There was another negative effect on this policy. The Goryeo government tried to make people (called Hwachuk and Jaein) soldiers for the attack of Waegu. The policy caused complication between the people and the government, and it resulted in antigovernment action, which was named false Waegu. Waegu issue also raised a diplomatic friction between Goryeo and Ming Dynasty. In fact, Goryeo government assumed Ming Dynasty could attack Korea peninsular because of Waegu problems. Under these serious conditions of Goryeo, the government considered transference of the capital city profoundly. But, the core of Waegu group was the expertise partisan group who had much experience over the wartime of a couple of decades between Southern and Northern government in Japan. Thus, the Waegu were never defeated in the war with Kayo national army on Korea peninsular. The Goryeo government had sent envoys several times to Japan, and they realized the prohibition of the Waegu could be succeed only by the strong establishment of public power in Japan. Due to this reason, Goryeo government cooperated with the Northern government of Japan (shogunate), and they accelerated the aggressive action to the Waegu. Shogunate also aggressively intervened to the Waegu because of the diplomatic pressure from Goryeo and Ming Dynasty. Furthermore, Shogunate sent Imagawa Ryoshun to Kyushu area and took military intervention in the area. The critical factor to forbid the Waegu's activities was the existence of strong public power, which had the strong will and ability to control the Waegu's influence. In other words, the Waegu after the year of 1350 was the social state from the absence of strong public power. Contrary to the theory that Japanese researchers have insisted, the Waegu was suppressed by not the policy in the early Joseon dynasty, but the Muromachi shougunate's aggressive military intervention under the diplomatic pressure from Goryeo and Ming dynasty, also the attack to the fleets of Waegu by the Goryeo's navy. The civil war continuing for 60 years was ended after the establishment of public power was recovered due to the military intervention from the Muromachi shogununates in Kyushu area and the Goryeo governments in Korea peninsular. In addition to that, the Goryeo dynasty fell and was substituted for Joseon dynasty by Seong-Gye Lee, who had gained military and political power in the suppression process of Waegu. We have to interpret that the union of Southern and Northern government of Japan and the change of Dynasty in Korea peninsula happened by chance. However, we should consider these two incidents were related together through the medium "Waegu". In this perspective, Waegu was not only the historical phenomenon in the transitional period of East Asian society but also the common reason to intermediate the

진포구(鎭浦口)·남해 관음포(觀音浦) 해전과 고려 말 왜구 침구 양상의 변화

이영 ( Yi Young ) 한국중세사학회 2021 한국중세사연구 Vol.0 No.64

This paper studies how the use of gunpowder and cannon by the Goryeo navy had affected the Waegu’s invasion to Korean peninsular, focusing on the naval battles of Jinpogu(鎭浦口) in the year of 1380 and Guaneompo(觀音浦) in the year of 1383. As specific measures to this study, the data of Waegu’s first invasion in 1350 to the last in 1392, their landing coast, and the frequency of Waegu’s invasion with cavalry troop are used. According to the literature and historical data, the Western Coast of Korean Peninsula was the main landing place for Waegu’s invasion, followed by the Southern Coast and the Eastern Coast. There were also other interesting findings. From 1381, Waegu started to choose the Eastern Coast for their landing spot when invading Goryeo. During 1381 to 1383, Waegu invaded frequently through the Eastern Coast and in the same period, Waegu’s use of cavalry troop in their invasion has also increased. The increase in frequency of Waegu bringing their cavalry troop to the Eastern Coast of Korean Peninsula during 1381 to 1383 was due to Waegu’s crushing defeat in the battle of Jinpogu(鎭浦口) and Guaneompo(觀音浦). In the year of 1381, Waegu anchored five hundred ships in Jinpogu, the Western Coast of Korean Peninsula, which entirely burnt down by Goryeo’s cannon attack. Also in 1383, Waegu suffered a devastating loss to Goryeo’s cannon attack in Guaneompo, the Southern Coast of Korean Peninsula. Goryeo’s victory in the two naval battles using gunpowder and cannon impacted greatly on the patterns of Waegu invasion. Furthermore, the victories made it difficult for Nanco(南朝) in Kyusyu(九州) area to secure war supplies, which resulted the weakness of Waegu’s military strength. For lack of space, this study does not cover other subjects such as the role of Waegu cavalry troop and the interpretation of ‘ironware(鐵騎)’ in Waegu related article in 1380. Mentioned subjects will be followed after.

정종 원년(1399) 등시라로(藤時羅老) 왜구 집단의 투항과 오에이(応永)의 난 -왜구 투항에 관한 ‘조선 조정의 회유책’론에 대한 비판적 검토-

송종호 한일관계사학회 2024 한일관계사연구 Vol.84 No.-

1399년(정종1) 11월 등시라로(藤時羅老) 왜구 집단이 갑자기 조선 조정에 투항해 왔다. 그 배경에 관하여, 정종실록 은 이를 명확하게 ‘오우치 요시히로(大内義弘)의 삼도지적(三島之賊) 토벌로 인한 화를 두려워해서’였다고 기록하고 있다. 그 사료 해석에 관하여 1960년대 강상운과 다무라 히로유키(田村幸洋)의 선구적 연구들이 있었지만, ‘조선 조정의 회유책’론을 중심으로 한 기존 통설에서는 그 이후 아무런 반향이 없었다. 본 연구에서는 우선 14세기 말 조선, 오우치씨, 대마도 간 상호 관계를 정리하였다. 이를 바탕으로 정종실록 에서 말하는 ‘오우치 요시히로의 삼도지적 토벌’은 1399년 10월~12월에 있었던 오에이(応永)의 난, 즉 오우치 요시히로가 일본 막부에 대항하여 일으킨 전국적인 모반 사건과 관련 있음을 밝혔다. 그리고 등시라로 왜구가 두려워했던 ‘화’란 우선, 오우치씨가 북규슈에서 진행 중이던 쇼니씨(少弐氏)・소씨(宗氏)에 대한 공세를 강화함으로써, 대마도 세력이 이에 크게 패할 것이라는 위기감을 의미한 것이었다고 보았다. 이러한 해석에 더하여, 대마도 세력 및 등시라로 왜구는, 오우치 요시히로가 조선 조정에게 대마도를 협공하자고 제안해 올 개연성을 크게 보고 그 경우 본거지 대마도에 초래될 극심한 위기를 우려했다는 취지의 시론(試論)도 제시했다. 등시라로 왜구의 근거지였던 대마도에서는 1399년 당시, ① 불과 10년 전인 1389년(창왕1) 조선의 대마도 정벌에 관한 괴로운 기억이 남아 있었고, ② 조선-오우치씨 간 돈독한 관계 속에서 지리적으로 사이에 낀 지정학적 상황에 있었으며, ③ 오우치씨와의 격렬한 전쟁 상태가 지속되고 있었다. 대마도 측은 이러한 상황 인식을 바탕으로, 오에이의 난을 일으킨 오우치씨와 조선이 협공해올 가능성을 두려워했다. 그리고 이러한 두려움이 등시라로 왜구의 투항 배경이 되었다고 추측한다. 그 시기는 다르지만 실제로, 대마도가 이와 유사한 여건 속에 있었던 1430년대에, 오우치씨 당주 오우치 모치요(大内持世)가 조선에게 대마도 협공을 제안하려 했었다는 세종실록 기록이 이러한 필자의 시론을 뒷받침해 준다. 조선초 한반도에 침구했다가 투항한 왜구 집단 중 그 규모 면에서 여타 왜구보다 월등히 컸던 대표적 집단은 나가온(羅可溫) 및 등시라로 집단 등 두 개였다. 이 두 왜구 집단은 모두 조선 조정의 대마도 정벌로 초래될 위기에서 벗어나고자 조선 조정에 투항해 왔다. 즉 조선초 대규모 항왜 발생의 배경에는 왜구 근거지인 대마도를 토벌하려는 조선 조정의 강력한 의지 및 실행력, 그리고 왜구의 근거 세력인 쇼니씨・소씨 토벌에 열중했던 일본 오우치씨와 조선 조정이 유지해 온 돈독한 통교 관계가 있었다고 말할 수 있다. 여기에 기존 통설에서 말하는 ‘조선 조정의 회유책’은 보이지 않는다. 이러한 문제의식 속에서 기존 통설인 ‘조선 조정의 회유책’론, 그리고 이에 근거한 조선초 항왜・향화왜인에 관한 연구는 근본적으로 재검토되어야 한다고 생각한다. In November 1399, ‘Deung Siraro (藤時羅老)’ group of Waegu (倭寇, Wakou, Japanese Pirates) suddenly surrendered to the Joseon government. The Veritable Records of King Jeongjong explicitly attributes this event to the Waegu’s “fear of a disaster instigated by the punitive expedition led by Ouchi Yoshihiro (大内義弘) against the ‘Samdojijeok (三島之賊 ; pirates of the three islands)’”. While the two pioneering studies by Kang Sang-woon and Tamura Hiroyuki, respectively, in the 1960s addressed this historical record, the prevailing view for the ‘appeasement policy of the Joseon government’ has made no notable reaction upon it. This study begins by elucidating the inter-relations among Joseon, the Ouchi clan and Tsushima in the late 14th century. Based on this analysis, it highlights the connection between the punitive expedition against ‘Samdojijeok’ by Ouchi Yoshihiro and the Ouei War that occurred from October to December 1399. Additionally, it suggests that “the disaster feared by the ‘Deung Siraro’ Waegu group” meant their sense of crisis for a big defeat of Tsushima power from the Ouchi clan's intensified attacks against the Shouni and So clans (少弐氏・宗氏) in northern Kyushu. Furthermore, this study presents a hypothesis suggesting that the Tsushima power and ‘Deung Siraro’ Waegu feared the Ouchi Yoshihiro‘s probable proposal to the Joseon government for a pincer attack on Tsushima, which would result in severe repercussions for their home territory. The understanding of this context is supported by (i) Tsushima’s traumatic memories of Joseon's campaign against it in 1389, (ii) the unfavorable geopolitical situation of Tsushima exposed to the close relations between Joseon and the Ouchi clan, and (iii) the ongoing conflict between Tsuchima and the Ouchi clan. This paper conjectured that such fear by the ‘Deung Siraro’ Waegu group led them to the surrender. While the time period differs, records from the Veritable Records of King Sejong support the above hypothesis by noting that, during the 1430s, Ouchi Mochiyo (大内持世), the lord of the Ouchi clan, attempted to propose the Joseon government for a pincer attack on Tsushima. Among the Waegu groups who invaded the Korean Peninsula and surrenderd during the early Joseon period, two prominent groups stood out in terms of their size: the Nakaon (羅可溫) group and the ‘Deung Siraro’ group. Both groups surrendered to the Joseon government to escape the imminent threat posed by Joseon's campaign to subdue Tsushima. Hence, it can be said that the large-scale surrenders by the Waegu groups during the early Joseon period were driven by Joseon's strong determination and capability to subdue Tsushima, as well as the enduring friendly relations between Joseon and the Ouchi clan who endeavored for subduing Shouni and So clans which were the main base of Waegu. In the event of such Waegu’s surrenders, the notion of ‘Joseon government's appeasement policy’ as posited in the prevailing view, is not evident. In light of these considerations, the prevailing view for the Joseon government's appeasement policy, as well as the study on the surrendered Waegu and the naturalized Japanese in the early Joseon period, should be fundamentally reassessed.

고려 말 왜구와 남조-경신년(1380)의 왜구를 중심으로

이영(Yi Young) 한일관계사학회 2008 한일관계사연구 Vol.31 No.-

〈경신년 왜구〉는 경인년(1350)이후 31년 동안 침구해온 왜구 중 최대규모였다. 진포구에서 고려군의 화포 공격을 받아 타고 돌아갈 배가 불타버리자, 왜구들은 이후 수 개 월 동안 고려 내륙을 전전하면서 고려 사회에 막대한 인적·물적 피해와 엄청난 충격을 안겨 주었다. 기존의 일본 측 연구는 이 〈경신년 왜구〉에 관한 고려사 의 기록을 신뢰하지 않았기 때문에 구체적인 고찰을 시도하기는커녕 오히려 소위 〈고려 말 왜구=고려·조선인 주체〉설 내지는 〈고려 말 왜구=고려·일본인 연합〉설의 근거로 삼기도 했다. 본 연구는 이러한 〈경신년 왜구〉와 관련해, 최초로 일본 측 문헌 사료에 입각해, 그 실체와 침구 배경에 대하여 고찰한 것이다. 그 결과 〈경신년 왜구〉는 규슈탄다이 이마가와 료슌의, 예상되는 공격에 대하여 규슈의 남조 세력이, 다카기·아마쿠사 일대의 선박을 대피시키기 위해, 그리고 남조의 본거지 기쿠치 일대가 포위당한 상황 속에서 병량미를 얻기 위해 침구했던 것임을 밝혔다. 그러한 〈경신년 왜구〉 중에는, 다카기·아마쿠사 지역의 수군 세력은 물론, 규슈 최남단의 오오스미 지역의 호족 네지메씨 주변의 남조 세력들도 포함되어 있었다. 이상과 같은 고찰을 통해서,〈경신년 왜구〉를 근거로 하여 제기된 소위 〈왜구=고려·조선인 주체〉설 내지 〈왜구=고려·일본인 연합〉설은 입론(立論)부터 잘못되었음을 입증했다. 그리고 〈경신년 왜구〉 역시, 고려 말의 왜구가 규슈 지역의 무장 세력이 병량미의 확보와 일시적인 도피를 목적으로 침구해간 것이라는 필자의 일관된 견해를 입증하는 또 하나의 좋은 사례임을 밝혔다. 〈The Waegu of 1380 years〉 was the largest scale among the others invaded for 31 years after Gyeong-in(A.D. 1350). Waegu with its burned vessel from Jinpo distinct wandered around Korea inland for several months. It committed an act of brutality leaving Korea massive loss of manpower, material resources, and great shock. The existing studies of Japan did not trust records about 『The History of Goryeo dynasty』 in〈The Waegu of 1380 years〉 so that they never tried concrete examination, but put foundation on the theories of〈Waegu=the korean people〉 or〈Waegu=the korean·Japanese union〉. This study examines these documentary records relating to〈The Waegu of 1380 years〉 for the first time, considering its entity and backgrounds of invasion. That is, 〈The Waegu of 1380 years〉 happened for kyushu’s nancho(南朝) sway to take shelter vessels of Takagi and Amakusa from the attack of Imagawa ryousyun(=the commander of the muromachi bakuhu at kyushyu region). Also, to gain rices(兵糧米) in the situation of nancho(南朝)’s headquarter-kikuchi(菊池) soldiers got surrounded by enemies. Among〈The Waegu of 1380 years〉, not only naval forces of Takagi Amakusa distinct but also, kyusyu’s furthest southern extremity-the clan of Osumi distinct nancho(南朝) sway of Nejime was involved. Through examination mentioned above, theories such like〈Waegu=Korean people〉 or〈Waegu=Korean·Japanese union〉 based on〈The Waegu of 1380 years〉 was not only wrong from the build up, but also prove my opinion about the fact that Waegu-military power invaded for the gain of rices(兵糧米) and temporary escape in the end of Goryeo dynasty.

이영(李領)의 왜구 주체 논쟁과 현재적 과제

박경남(Park, Kyeong-nam) 역사비평사 2018 역사비평 Vol.- No.122

This paper is to research current status and perspectives of Korean Waegu(倭寇) study focusing on the study of professor Yi Young(李領) represented Waegu Studies in Korea. With a group of Japanese scholars, Yi have long disputed over the subject of Waegu in the late Koryo Dynasty in 14th Century. Such Japanese scholars as Tanaga Takeo(田中健夫) continued to assert that the subject of Waegu was not Japanese alone but Koryo people in alliance with Japanese. Yi proved that their assertion was ill founded with reasons through more resources, and suggested that the subject of Waegu in the late Koryo Dynasty, especially since 1350 was Japanese naval forces controled by the local government and regional powerful family of Tsushima(對馬島) and Matsuuratou(松浦黨) as group of warriors of Kyushu(九州). Because Waegu since 1350 is more frequent and enormous like never before, more organised and powerful that it beat Koryo government army. In his recent study, Yi started perceiving Waegu as being analogous to Corsair in the western history in that pirates hired by state or government, and he was associating Waegu with formation and collapse of Pax Mongolica. That is to say, Yi understands Waegu in the change of the East Asia international political order, and goes further and looks for a way to research Waegu and Corsair together. Through this way, Yi was beginning to get over national historic view and secure the global-marine historic view of understanding Waegu.

고려 말 왜구의 허상과 실상

이영 ( Young Yi ) 대구사학회 2008 대구사학 Vol.91 No.-

Waegu`s invasion for more than 40 years after 1350 was a huge event that rocked Korean government`s basic foundation of rules. And the study of Waegu`s origination backgrounds and subject carried various theories for a considerable time. However, these preceding theories were not based on the documentary records, but on the interpretations that were wrong or expanded too much. Grasping just one side, like not regarding the periodical-historical situations was one of these examples, too. Also, I studied about the leading part of invasion and pillage as well as their goal by connecting the situation of invasion and pillage to Kyushu`s situation from “Waegu of the end of Koryo dynasty” and subdivided by eras. As a result, I studied Waugu`s subject and the reasons of invasion and pillage in order by dividing “Waegu of the end of Koryo dynasty” in five. Especially, invasion, pillage, and Seiseifu assisted the Waegu because of Tsushima island`s internal affairs that were assuring war supplies which was not involved in war. I raised issues newly about the various problems Waegu had at that time and tried to solve them.

14世紀後半の対日外交使節からみた韓日関係

李泰勳 조선통신사학회 2021 조선통신사연구 Vol.32 No.-

Since 1350(庚寅年), the invasion of Waegu on the Korean Peninsula has skyrocketed. In Goryeo Government, when the damage became large, information was collected through the captured Waegu and the prisoners, and negotiations with Japan began in earnest from 1366. Initially, the Joseon side was negotiating with the Muromachi Shogunate to crack down on Waegu and repatriate Waegu prisoners. However, around 1377, the amount of diplomatic power was concentrated on the influential people in Cyuugoku and Kyushu, where there are many bases of Waegu. Regarding negotiations with Japan since the 14th century, the “Tonshinsa”(通信使) dispatched by the King of Goryeo and Joseon to the ‘King of Japan’(幕府將軍)has been attracting attention. As a premise, cases of dispatching diplomatic missions in the latter half of the 14th century have been considered. This study focuses on diplomatic negotiations and envoys to Japan in the late Goryeo and early days of Joseon. Along with the name of the envoy, we specifically examined the recognition of Waegu in Japan and Joseon, the negotiations with Japan on the Joseon side, and the response on the Japanese side.

14세기 왜구의 경상도 侵寇과 書籍 간행

최연주 한국일본근대학회 2012 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.35

고려 후기 왜구 침입으로 일본과 가까운 거리에 있는 경상도 지방은 막대한 피해를 입었다. 동남 연해안의 중심 축인 낙동강 하구에 집중되고 있었는데 이 지역의 배후에 양산, 밀양 등과 같은 군현의 입지하고 있었다. 이 지역은 내륙으로부터 각종 물산이 집결된다는 점에서 왜구의 집중적인 표적이 되었다. 왜구 침입으로 경상도 주요 군현의 경제는 물론 문화도 황폐화되었고, 그리고 더 이상의 발전할 수 기대할 수 없을 지경에 이르게 되었을 것이다. 왜구에 의한 관청 및 군사시설의 방화 및 약탈은 곧 지방 행정의 마비를 가져왔다. 한편 왜구의 빈번한 침입에도 여러 서적을 수시로 간행될 수 있었던 것은 당시 간행 시설 및 운영이 한 곳에 집적되어 있지 않고 운영되면서 원활하게 진행될 수 있었다. 당시 지방의 지배세력들은 왜구 때문에 지역이 많은 피해를 입었지만 보다 적극적으로 서적을 간행하였다. 그래서 지역 사회의 황폐화와 사회경제적 변화에 적극적인 대응하기 위해 서로 결속하여 혈연공동체를 형성하고자 노력하였다. 이 과정에서 각종 서적의 간행을 통해 지방 사회를 새롭게 재편하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 학문적으로 성장과 결속을 다지는 계기가 되었을 것이다. Close proximity to the intrusion of Waegu(japanese pirates) and Gyeongsang-do(慶尙道) provinces suffered heavy losses in the Late Goryeo Dynasty. The mouth of the Nakdong-River(洛東江) in the southeast coastal axis of the center had been focused on this area at the rear of the Yangsan(梁山) and Miryang(密陽) such as the city was located. The area inland from the various materials because of the gathering was the target of intensive Waegu. Waegu as an intrusion of the major cities, as well as administrative and economic culture has been devastated. And no more was not expected to evolve. Waegu by arson and looting of government offices and military facilities in the upcoming local government led to paralysis. Meanwhile, the frequent attacks in waegu published several books that were often published at the time of the facilities and operations are integrated in one place is not running smoothly as could be operating. Because of the dominant force in the province at the time of the waegu area suffered much damage, but was more active publishing books. So, with devastating social and economic changes in the community to respond to the active solidarity with each other to form a kinship community was committed to. In the process, book published through the local community was to the newly reorganized. This learning opportunity, growth and solidarity would have been minced.

우왕 3년(1377) 정몽주(鄭夢周) 일본 사행(使行)의 시대적 배경

이영 일본사학회 2017 일본역사연구 Vol.46 No.-

Korean and Japanese historians had an overall negative view of sending a diplomatic mission to Japan to solve the Waegu(Japanese Pirates) problem of the late Koryo dynasty (last half of the 14th century). Only the dispatch of Cheong MongJu(鄭夢周) who was a famous scholar of neoConfucian to Japan, was highly appreciated. But the appraisal about the achievement of the dispatch of Cheong MongJu was not based on specific examination. It was rather based on his reputation. The negative appraisal of the achievement of the diplomatic negotiation of Koryo dynasty for the prohibition of Waegu’s invasion resulted from the awareness that despite of the several rounds of the dispatch of a diplomatic mission to Japan, there were no instant effect. However, the military and political situation of the Kyushu area(where Waegu took place) of that time wasn't so simple, to such an extent as to be exposed the effect immediately. The power of Nancho(南朝), which hold out against the Muromachi Bakuhu(室町幕 府) had built a solid foundation in Kyushu. In such a situation, after Na HeongYu(羅興儒)’s return, who had been sent to Japan to negotiate to suppress the Waegu’s invasion in the year of 1375. Despite the effort, Waegu invaded more frequently and on a larger scale, which led Koryo to send An Gil Sang to Japan to protest once more. Then, Kyushu Tandai(九州探題) Imagawa Ryosyun(今川了俊) of Muromachi Bakuhu sent his subordinate Sinko(信弘) to explain the reasons of Waegu’s constant invasion. Koryo was satisfied about his explanation and decided the dispatch of Cheong Mong Ju(鄭夢周) to Japan. The diplomatic dispatch of Cheong MongJu to Japan was highly appreciated only by his personal achievement. However, it was actually on a foundation that Na Heong Yu and An GilSang had accomplished.

여말선초 피로인 송환에 관한 한 고찰

한윤희(韓允熙) 중앙대학교 일본연구소 2014 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.36

The subject of this paper is repatriation of captives of Goryeo (or Chosun) people who kidnapped by Waegu (倭寇). ‘Repatriation of Captives’ studies contended that the whole subjects of repatriation including Kyuusyuutandai (九州探題) Imagawa Ryousyun (今川了俊) had repatriated captives for the economical benefits exclusively, based on the fact captives were repatriated. Therefore, this paper confirmed the object of the repatriation of Imagawa Ryousyun - was it on the economic goal or not? - and the features of the repatriation of captives. As a result, the fact was established - beyond the half (70%) of captives were repatriated by Imagawa Ryousyun when he was appointed as the Kyuusyuutandai. And this paper confirmed the fact - why Ryousyun repatriated more than 2,000 captives when he was in his post. Imagawa Ryousyun was appointed as kyuusyuutandai for suppression Waegu and to sweep Southern Dynasty. But it was too difficult to control Waegu, Ryousyun repatriated captives to Goryeo as the diplomatic action for getting the trust that the Shogunate supresses Waegu diligently. Under the situation of invasion of Waegu decennary, Ryousyun repatriated captives several times. So Goryeo trusts the effort of Shogunate and ceases dispatching the Mission proposal prohibition of Waegue. Thus the policy that repatriates Captives leads to mitigating strained military and diplomatic relationship between Goryeo and Japan, and it means that driving force which makes Goryeo and Japan to restore and cultivate the confidential relationship.