Some Controversial Issues in Saemaul Undong in Korea and Their Implications for Its Transferability

박승우(PARK Seung Woo),최외출(CHOI Oe-chool) 영남대학교 박정희새마을연구원 2016 새마을학연구 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to discuss in a bid to demystify, some important issues surrounding the implementation of Saemaul Undong, which is a rural development policy program initiated by President Park Chung Hee in 1970 in the Republic of Korea (ROK). First of all, it has been argued that the socio-cultural and economic homogeneity of rural society in Korea during the 1970s provided a significant positive condition for the success of Saemaul Undong. It is true that this social homogeneity of rural Korea was a very favorable social environment for Saemaul Undong during its initial stages. However, it was not and is not a ‘necessary’ condition for any successful rural community development programs. Saemaul Undong programs or any rural community development programs which are designed and implemented in accordance with Saemaul principles and strategies can be transferred or applied to many other types of rural communities, including heterogeneous and multi-cultural communities, in developing countries. Secondly, it is also argued that Korean people are basically diligent and hardworking people by nature and their strong work ethic played an important role in Korea’s fast economic development as well as in the successful implementation of Saemaul Undong programs. However, ‘diligence’, as one of the three guiding principles and spirits of Saemaul Undong, was not an inherent cultural trait that the Korean people had inherited from the past. As a matter of fact, it was a new value system that Korean people were able to acquire through the participation in and practice of Saemaul Undong programs and movements. Thirdly, some previous studies also suggest that Saemaul Undong programs were authoritarian and state-led political projects or a set of policy programs which were administered in a unilateral and top-down manner. This line of reasoning leads them to conclude that Saemaul Undong was conservative and non-democratic. On the contrary, Saemaul Undong and its entire decision-making processes was a playground where the democratic principles and practices were practiced and entertained as well as educated. It is in this sense that we see the Saemaul Undong as a nationwide development movement embedded with a democratic approach and that we find significant elements of democracy and democratic practices at the grass roots level during the Saemaul Undong era.

어느 독립운동가 마을의 새마을운동

김영미 한국민족운동사학회 2016 한국민족운동사연구 Vol.0 No.86

This study examines the voluntary Saemaul Undong, which had developed before the government initiated Saemaul Undong, in a village of Cheongyang-gun, Chungcheongnam-do which produced many independence activists. This study shows how the voluntary Saemaul Undong met the government initiated Saemaul Undong. For the villagers of Mulani, the Saemaul Undong is twofold. They have memories and experiences of their own Saemaul Undong stronger than that of the Saemaul Undong organized by the Park Chung-hee Government. Several young farmers of the village made a night school called Saemaul hakwon and voluntarily carried out a movement to make a new village in the 1960s. Their movement was based on the independence movement of their fathers and grandfathers. Running a night school called Saemaul hakwon, which was their first assignment to make a new village, was based on the experiences of running a small school called Deokmyungeuisuk which intellectuals of the village had made in the Japanese Colonial Period. They thought that the independence movement of their grandfathers was essentially based on humanity, such as love and mercy which makes people share the things they have. They believed that their movement should also follow the spirit of their grandfathers. There is a big difference between their Saemaul Undong and that of Park Chung-hee Government. Village’s young men, who supported autonomy and democracy, assumed a critical attitude towards the National Reconstruction Movement(Chaegŏn Kungmin Undong) and the Saemaule Undong of the Park Chung-hee Government. The government constantly mobilized the Saemaul hakwon and the young men’s association of Mulani village, and took advantage of their activities. It was not because of the 4H movement, the Chaegŏn Kungmin Undong and the Saemaule Undong of the Government that the activities of Mulani village received attention and credit from the government and became a successful example of the rural modernization movement, but because of the voluntary efforts of village farmers which preceded the government’s movements. 이 연구는 많은 독립운동 지사들을 배출한 충청남도 청양군의 한 마을에서 정부의 새마을운동이 시작되기 전 자발적으로 전개한 ‘새마을운동’의 경험이 무엇인지 밝히고, 그것이 정부 주도의 농촌운동과 어떻게 만나고 있었는지 살펴보고자 한 것이다. 물안이 마을 사람들에게 새마을운동은 이중적이다. 박정희 정부가 추진한 새마을운동보다 더 강렬한 기억과 경험이 존재한다. 1960년대 새마을학원을 중심으로 전개했던 새로운 마을을 만들기 위한 청년 농부들의 자발적인 운동이 새마을운동에 대한 경험과 기억으로 남아있다. 물안이 마을 새 농민들이 벌인 새마을 만들기 운동의 기저에는 아버지와 할아버지들의 독립운동에 대한 경험이 작동하고 있었다. 이들이 마을을 바꾸기 위한 첫 번째 과제로 선택한 새마을학원이라는 야학의 운영은 일제시기 이 마을의 지식인들이 전개한 덕명의숙이라는 작은 학교를 운영한 경험을 토대로 하고 있었다. 이들은 그들의 조부들이 했던 독립운동이 본질적으로 가진 것을 함께 나누는 ‘사랑’이나 ‘자비’와 같은 인간애에 기반하고 있다고 보았다. 그리고 자신들의 운동 역시 그러해야 한다고 믿고 있었다. 물안이 마을의 새마을운동은 그들의 조부들이 했던 독립운동 정신을 계승한 살기 좋은 공동체를 만들기 위해 가진 것을 함께 나누고 헌신한 자발적인 활동이었다. 이들의 새마을운동과 박정희 정부의 새마을운동은 큰 차이가 있었다. 가장 중요하게는 자율성과 민주주의라는 두 측면에서 마을 청년들은 박정희 정부의 재건국민운동이나 새마을운동에 대한 비판적인 관점을 가졌다. 정부는 물안이 마을의 새마을학원이나 청년회의 활동을 끊임없이 정부 조직으로 동원하였다. ‘복사꽃이 피면’이라는 라디오드라마의 제작에서 단적으로 드러난다. 물안이 마을의 활동이 정부로부터 주목받고 인정받은 성공적인 농촌 근대화운동의 사례가 되었던 것은 정부의 4­H운동이나 재건운동, 새마을운동 때문이 아니었다. 이 마을 농민들의 자발적인 노력들이 선행하고 있었기 때문이었다.

새마을운동의 인식과 성과평가에 관한 비교연구: 새마을운동 국민의식조사 비교를 중심으로

최외출,이정주,채영택,김한양 한국지방행정학회 2013 한국지방행정학보 (KLAR) Vol.10 No.1

The performance evaluation of Saemaul Undong has been taken place in various aspects including economy, social development and mind development, Now nearly four decades after Saemaul Undong started, however, more concrete and accurate assessments are needed. Therefore, this study was intended to analyze the changes of popular attitude towards Saemaul Undong and outcome of this movement by conducting public opinion survey. Specifically, comparative analyses on general aspects, achievement and globalization strategy of Saemaul Undong were conducted and a direction of Saemaul Undong was explored by reinterpretation of its outcome. Once we summarize the results of Public Opinion Survey for Saemaul Undong, we can see that the recognition of Saemaul Undong has 2.3% points increased since 2010 to 2013 and 6 persons out of 10 persons has recognized that Saemaul Undong is the movement for a better life. We could verify that most of the people have reviewed positively about Saemaul Undong contributed to national development, recognized that the biggest achievement for Saemaul Undong is economic development. And proposed the opinion to people for 'enlightening a diligent national character' and 'inspiring can do confidence' through Saemaul Undong. In the future, an opinion came out that it is required to initiating foreign countries into Saemaul Undong up to 81.5%. The opinion what the study of Saemaul needs as a study has shown 1.4%p has increased since 2010 to 2013 and 7persons out 10persons recognize the necessity of study about the study of Saemaul. The results suggest the following tasks for development of Saemaul Undong; first, educating people about Saemaul Undong and their participation in the movement are demanded. Next, its own brand of Saemaul Undong and systematization of the study of Saemaul are required.

새마을운동 논제분석을 통한 연구경향에 관한 연구 - 새마을운동과 사회복지 및 마을만들기 중심으로 -

조운희(Woon-Hee Cho) 영남신학대학교 2021 신학과 목회 Vol.55 No.-

This study investigated and analyzed the trends of Saemaul Undong research on 296 Saemaul Undong-related master’s and doctoral dissertations from 1973 to February 2021 in the collection of the National Assembly Library. The following conclusions were obtained as a result of analyzing degree year, research purpose, university, graduate school type, degree classification, and thesis topic, focusing on control variables, independent variables, and dependent variables. First, with the globalization of Saemaul Undong, synergistic government-society Saemaul Undong, and the ‘Internet Saemaul Undong’, the development of the prototype of Saemaul Undong in the 1970s and its transformation should continue. Second, Saemaul Undong is not separated from the one-sided view of economic growth or political dictatorship, it was a space in which the governing mechanism of the Park Jeong-Hee system was operated, and as shown in the current mass phenomenon, it should be understood as a space of mutual communication connecting the Park Chung-hee system and the public. Third, ‘Financial support plan for the application of Saemaul Undong for new rural development in North Korea’, ‘Community development that strengthens social capital’ or ‘Saemaul Undong for a synergistic government-society’, ‘Social Capital Centered of Saemaul Undong’ should be activated. Fourth, in order for the village revitalization movement, which has been interested since 2010, to succeed, the ‘theory and practice’ of the ‘original form and transformation’ of the Saemaul Undong should be strengthened and the ‘Saemaul Undong-type village renewal theory development and practice movement’ should be promoted. Fifth, the positive effect of Saemaul Undong as a causal variable on the outcome variable, as well as the mediating and regulatory effects thereof, have been actively investigated and studied, so that the ‘Korean ODA model’ and ‘Korean Saemaul Undong application method’ can be easily applied to Saemaul Undong Globalization should be supported. Lastly, for a successful Saemaul Undong, in underdeveloped countries or local communities, the development and implementation of functional and software-oriented resident participation-oriented process policies must be a prerequisite or parallel to structural and hardware policies. In advanced countries like Korea, where the number is close to 50%, more attention is needed to develop and implement the second and third Saemaul Undong by putting efforts into ‘faith education’ and ‘cultural movement’ in terms of public happiness and public theology.

관주도 기념의 정치와 새마을운동기념관 ― 경상북도 사례를 중심으로

윤충로 ( Yoon Chung Ro ) 한국사회사학회 2020 사회와 역사 Vol.0 No.126

대중의 통념 속 새마을운동은 가난과 배고픔을 해결한 ‘잘 살기운동’이며, 박정희 대통령은 이를 이끌었던 지도자로 기억된다. 이러한 신화는 최근 기념관 건립을 통해 기억의 터를 마련했다. 경상북도 청도와 포항의 새마을운동발상지기념관과 구미시의 새마을운동테마공원전시관이 바로 그것이다. 청도 신도리와 포항 문성리의 기념관은 새마을운동발상지를 둘러싼 주민들의 인정투쟁과 관주도 기념의 정치의 산물이었다. 기념관을 중심으로 한 ‘새마을운동의 성역화’는 박정희에 대한 신화화였다. 구미시는 ‘종주도시’라는 추상적 개념으로 자신의 지역적 정체성을 세우고자 했다. 이는 박정희 이후에도 경상북도에서 지속되는 새마을운동의 전통과 현재성을 강조함으로써 박정희를 기념한다. 새마을운동테마공원전시관은 박정희 대통령 생가에서 새마을운동테마공원으로 이어지는 박정희 기념공간의 일부다. 이의 건립 과정은 지역 권력을 중심으로 한 기억의 상업화, 보수적 기념의 정치의 특징을 잘 드러낸다. 기념관이 보여주는 선별된 기억은 박정희, 새마을운동, 경제발전을 등치시킨다. 이는 1970년대 농촌의 몰락, 유신체제를 정당화했던 새마을운동, 박정희 독재에 대해서는 침묵한다. 경북의 세 새마을운동기념관이 재현한 새마을 운동은 일종의 ‘상상적 노스탤지어’다. Memorialized as a ‘Wellbeing Movement’, Saemaul Undong aimed at alleviating poverty and hunger with President Park Chung-hee recognized as its leader. The myth presides in the realm of memory, framed through memorials and buildings commemorating the events of that day: Saemaul Undong Memorial in Cheongdo, Pohang, and the Saemaul Undong Theme Park at Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province. The memorials in Chungdo, Sindo-ri and Pohang, Moonsung-ri are products of two villages struggle and the politics of commemoration driven by the local governments’ fight for recognition as the movement’s birthplace. The two memorials redefined their cities while also shaping perceptions of Park Chung-hee’s legacy. Gumi established itself with the abstract concept of a ‘Leading City of Saemaul Undong’. After Park Chung-hee's death, Gyeongsangbuk-do province has been commemorating the concept which emphasized the tradition and nowness of sustained Saemaul undong. The Exhibition Hall within the Saemaul Undong Theme Park has memorialized Park Chung-hee extending his influence and legacy from his birthplace to the park itself. In addition, local authority’s efforts in the construction process of these memorials also expose the commercialization of memory and the conservative politics of commemoration. The selected memory related to the memorials has been identified with Park Chung-hee, Saemaul undong and economic development. There is little mention of the collapse of farming areas in the 1970s, the role the movement played in justifying the Yushin Regime, and Park’s dictatorial and heavy-handed policies. Instead, the Saemaul Undong Memorials of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province reproduce an ‘imagined nostalgia’ for a movement.

동아시아 환경공동체 발전전략 개발 및 협력사업 : 지속가능발전 관점에서 본 새마을운동 재조명

강택구,이정석,장훈,노태호,이난지 한국환경정책평가연구원 2015 사업보고서 Vol.2015 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 지속가능발전의 관점에서 우리나라의 새마을운동 ODA 사업을 검토하고 향후 개도국에서 새마을운동 ODA 프로그램을 추진할 때 고려해야 할 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 지속가능발전의 기본 요소를 경제성장, 환경보전, 사회통합으로 파악하고 3개 요소를 지속가능발전목표(SDGs) 17개에 기초하여 각각 4개의 세부범주로 분류하였다. 본 연구에서 대상으로 하고 있는 새마을운동 ODA 사업은 새마을운동의 국제화를 위해 ‘지구촌 새마을운동’이라는 명칭으로 2011년 5월 정부가 수립한 「새마을운동 ODA 사업 기본계획」에 따라 추진하고 있는 사업들이다. 2011년 국무총리실에서 마련한 「새마을운동 ODA 사업 기본계획」에 기초하여 코이카(KOICA)와 경상북도가 새마을운동 ODA 사업을 추진하고 있다. 지속가능발전의 관점에서 우리가 추진하고 있는 새마을운동 ODA 사업 15개를 분석하였고 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현재 실시하고 있는 대부분의 새마을운동 ODA 사업들은 지속가능발전 3개 요소인 경제성장, 환경보전, 사회통합 요소중 경제성장과 사회통합에 집중되어 있다. 둘째, 환경보전 관련 사업이 다른 분야와 비교하여 상대적으로 미진하게 이루어지고 있다. 셋째, 새마을운동 ODA 사업이 전무한 세부범주들이 있다. 넷째, 새마을운동 ODA 사업이 인간의 기본적인 욕구 해결과 생활 주거환경 개선에 초점을 두고 있다. 본 연구를 통해 도출한 정책적 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 새마을운동 ODA 사업 내용에 지속가능발전 개념을 보다 적극적으로 반영하여 추진한다. 둘째, 새마을운동 ODA 사업을 수원국의 국가 차원의 계획과 연계하면서 환경보전관련 사업을 적극적으로 발굴하여 추진한다. 셋째, 새마을운동 ODA 사업을 통해 소프트파워를 제고할 수 있도록 우리의 중견국 외교 전략과 연계하는 방안을 적극적으로 고민해야 한다. The Korean government is currently receiving requests from 50 developing countries to share experience and knowledge in Korea``s Saemaul Undong. In addition, international organizations such as United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific(UNESCAP) and world-renowned scholars spoke highly Saemaul Undong as an excellent development model. Accordingly, the Korean government is committed to upgrading Saemaul Undong ODA projects into Korea``s iconic development model. Against such a backdrop, the purpose of this study is to examine Korea``s Saemaul Undong ODA projects and to draw the future development strategies by analyzing present situation of Samaul Undong ODA projects. This study analyzed key factors of sustainable development which are economic, environment and social factors, it also divided 4 categories based on Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). The scope of this study is ongoing projects according to Framework Plan of Saemaul Undong ODA project which is established in 2011 by the Prime Minister``s office. The major conclusions of this study are as follows. Most of the Saemaul Undong ODA projects are focused on economic and social factors among the factors of sustainable development. Second, projects including environment factors are relatively insufficient so far. Third, there are some categories based on Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) didn``t be carried out Saemaul Undong ODA projects. Forth, Saemaul Undong ODA projects were concentrated in basic human needs, improvement of living conditions and infrastructures. In order to increase the effectiveness of Saemaul Undong in developing countries, three suggestions were proposed. First, Saemaul Undong ODA projects need to reflect the concept of ``sustainable development`` more actively. Second suggestion is to link with national plan of recipient country, specifically need to go on with environment projects. Last, Saemaul Undong ODA projects should connect up with Korea``s middle power diplomacy.

사회적 자본과 거버넌스 차원에서 본 새마을 운동

임경수 ( Kyoung Soo Lim ) 한국지방행정연구원 2012 地方行政硏究 Vol.26 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 새마을운동의 실천적 과정에서 잠재되어 있던 사회적 자본(social capital)을 추출, 지역사회 단위에서의 거버넌스 행태와 그 특성을 밝혀 향후 새마을운동의 발전적 정책방향을 제안하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 지역사회 내에 잠재되어 있는 주민의 가치체계를 사회적 자본(참여, 신뢰, 네트워크)으로 설명하고자 하였고 이러한 가치체계가 개인 및 집단행동으로 나타나게 하는 동태적 역학관계를 거버넌스 개념으로 설명하고자 하였다. 그동안 새마을운동과 관련한 선행연구들이 다수 있지만 새마을운동을 사회적 자본과 지역사회 거버넌스라는 두 개념으로 재해석하고자 한 것은 흔치 않았다. 최근에 부상하고 있는 글로벌 새마을운동의 성공적 전개를 위해서는 세계인이 공유할 수 있는 가치체계로 설명할 필요가 있다. 글로벌 새마을운동이 보편적 개발전략으로 각국에서 자리매김하기 위해서는 우리가 경험한 새마을운동의 본질적 가치가 훼손되지 않으면서도 세계 각국에 통용할 수 있는 개발가치가 필요한데 필자는 이를 사회적 자본과 지역사회 거버넌스 두 개념이라고 보았고 이를 통해 70-80년대의 새마을운동을 재조명하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 새마을운동의 성공에는 마을단위의 참여, 신뢰, 그리고 네트워크가 전통적인 농촌마을의 면대면 사회구조에서 매우 긍정적으로 작용하였고 이는 두레, 품앗이 등과 같은 전통적 협업 속에 사회적 자본 요소가 내재되어 있었기 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지역사회 거버넌스는 민 관협력에 의한 비교적 긴밀한 협조가 이루어졌던 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 새마을운동에 참여하였던 지도자들은 대부분 이 운동이 앞으로도 세대를 뛰어넘어 지속되어야 한다는 견해를 갖고 있었다. 이런 면에서 새마을운동이 시대적 압박에 의해 이루어진 면이 있다고 해도 새마을운동 속에 내재하는 기본 철학, 즉 근면, 자조, 협동의 가치는 순수하게 농촌주민들에게 받아들여졌고 지금도 이러한 가치는 국민들에게 유전되고 학습되는 가치라고 볼 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of local governance and social capital at community level while implementing Saemaul Undong (new village movement) and to draw up policy implications for Global Saemaul Undong. To do so, I refer local residents` value system which is latent in rural society to social capital elements (participation, trust, network, etc.). Also I used governance concept to explain how the value system was revealed in personal or group behavior. There has been many advanced studies about Saemaul Undong, but it is not common to reinterpret Saemaul Undong with the concepts of social capital and community governance. Especially, it is important to explain Saemaul Undong in the structure of global value system for the successful development of recent Global Saemaul Undong. In order to set Global Saemaul Undong as an universal development strategy, we need a development value that can be used all over the world, while not defaming its fundamental values. And I thought this can be extracted from two concepts: social capital and local governance. With these two concepts, I shed new light on the 70-80s Saemaul Undong. Resultingly, participation, trust, and network were the key of Saemaul Undong`s success. These values were inside their face-to-face rural social structure. And there were inherent social capital as form of traditional cooperative work such as Durea and/or Pumashi. Finally, most of the leaders of Saemaul Undong had the opinion that this movement should continue on for more generations. In this sense, even though Saemaul Undong were forced by the era, the fundamental philosophy, which is spirit of diligence, self-help, cooperation was accepted to rural people and these values are inherited and educated to the people even now.

도・농 새마을리더의 새마을운동 의식 비교연구

이정주 한국지방행정학회 2016 한국지방행정학보 (KLAR) Vol.13 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the urban and rural Saemaul leader’s consciousness on Saemaul Undong and find the driving force behind their passion and efforts on Saemaul Undong. Urban and rural areas have distinct differences in many aspects. The research result shows that the urban and rural Saemaul leaders have different understandings on the recognition and correspondence of Saemaul Undong in the context of international society, sense of duty, fulfillment and reputation as a Saemaul leader, local government’s consciousness on Saemaul projects, and satisfaction and necessity of the Saemaul education. The variables which made impact on the satisfaction rate of Saemaul leaders also showed statistically significant differences. The implications based on the research are as follows: First, as the periodical, social and individual desire diversify, it is required to develop more practical Saemaul Undong programs matching with the characteristics of the region. Second, it is encouraged to provide necessary support to improve the satisfaction rate of the Saemaul leaders of both urban and rural on Saemaul education. Third, put Saemaul Undong related laws in place to strengthen the position of Saemaul leaders. Fourth, it is necessary for the local government to actively help and develop policies.

도･농 새마을리더의 새마을운동 의식 비교연구

이정주(Jeong Ju Lee) 한국지방행정학회 2016 한국지방행정학보 (KLAR) Vol.13 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the urban and rural Saemaul leader’s consciousness on Saemaul Undong and find the driving force behind their passion and efforts on Saemaul Undong. Urban and rural areas have distinct differences in many aspects. The research result shows that the urban and rural Saemaul leaders have different understandings on the recognition and correspondence of Saemaul Undong in the context of international society, sense of duty, fulfillment and reputation as a Saemaul leader, local government’s consciousness on Saemaul projects, and satisfaction and necessity of the Saemaul education. The variables which made impact on the satisfaction rate of Saemaul leaders also showed statistically significant differences. The implications based on the research are as follows: First, as the periodical, social and individual desire diversify, it is required to develop more practical Saemaul Undong programs matching with the characteristics of the region. Second, it is encouraged to provide necessary support to improve the satisfaction rate of the Saemaul leaders of both urban and rural on Saemaul education. Third, put Saemaul Undong related laws in place to strengthen the position of Saemaul leaders. Fourth, it is necessary for the local government to actively help and develop policies.

글로벌새마을운동 현지화 모델 개발을 위한 기초 연구 -연변조선족 자치주를 중심으로-

노상래 영남대학교 민족문화연구소 2013 민족문화논총 Vol.55 No.-

2013년 6월 18일 새마을운동 기록물이 유네스코 세계기록문화유산으로 등재되었다. 그리고 UN은 아프리카 빈곤퇴치프로그램의 하나로 새마을운동을 선택할 만큼 큰 관심을 보인 바 있다. 반기문 유엔 사무총장도 아프리카의 유엔 산하기관에 한국의 새마을운동을 배워볼 것을 권하기도 하였다. 그리고 국제연합 아시아・태평양 경제・사회이사회(UNESCAP)는 2003년 아시아 최빈국에 해당하는 라오스, 네팔, 캄보디아 3개국에서 한국의 새마을운동을 시범적으로 실시하기로 결정하고 2004년부터 시행하였다. 이처럼 새마을운동은 이제 한국만의 것이 아니라 세계가 주목하는 ‘잘살기운동’ 프로그램으로 확산되어가고 있다. 이 논문은 이런 세계적 추세에 호응하여 새마을운동의 글로벌화와 현지화를 위한 모델을 개발하기 위해 작성되었다. 특히 설문조사와 현장 면담을 통해 중국의 연변조선족자치주를 중심으로 글로벌새마을운동의 현지화 모델의 가능성을 타진한 이 논문은 몇 가지 유의미한 결과를 도출할 수 있었다. 조선족공동체의 해체, 소비풍조의 확산, 농업경제의 약화 혹은 쇠퇴가 진행되고 있는 연변에는 연변이 처한 대내외적 환경에 기초한 새마을운동의 모델이 개발되어야 할 것이다. 그리고 한탕주의나 패배주의가 싹트고 있기 때문에 의식 개혁운동도 동시에 진행될 필요가 있다. The Archives of Saemaul Undong were registered as UNESCO Memory of the World in June 18, 2013. And UN has much interested in Saemaul Undong to such an extent to choose Saemaul Undong as one of Poverty Alleviation Programs. Secretary-General of the United Nations Ban Ki-Moon advised UN-affiliated organizations of Africa to learn Saemaul Undong of Korea. UNESCAP decided to carry out Saemaul Undong in the Asia's poorest countries, Laos, Nepal, and Cambodia on a trial basis in 2003 and carried out Saemaul Undong in 2004. Saemaul Undong, not only the Korea's own property, is spreading into ‘Living Well Program’ which moves into the international spotlight. Responding to these global trend, this study is to develop a model for globalization and localization of Saemaul Undong. Examining the potential of Glocalization Model of Global Saemaul Undong focused on China's Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture by way of survey and field interview, this study is able to produce several significant results. It is necessary to develop a model of Saemaul Undong based on the internal and the external circumstances of Yanbian because Yanbian undergoes the dissolution of Korean-Chinese community, the spread of consumption tendency, the decline of agricultural economy. As get-rich-quick fever and defeatism spring up, movement of reforming consciousness should be carried out equally.