Phytochemical Constituents of the Root Bark from Morus alba and Their Il-6 Inhibitory Activity

장영수,Hong-Guang Jin,이환,이동성,우은란 한국생약학회 2019 Natural Product Sciences Vol.25 No.3

Morus alba L., known as white mulberry, is a medicinal plant belongs to family Moraceae. It has long been used commonly in Ayurvedic for the treatment of lung-heat, cough, asthma, hematemesis, dropsy and hypertension. In the present study, seven prenylated flavonoids, along with four benzofuran compounds were isolated by means of repeated column chromatography. The structures of the known compounds were identified as kuwanon G (1), kuwanon E (2), kuwanon T (3), morusin (4), sanggenon A (5), sanggenon M (6), sanggenol A (7), moracin R (8), mulberofuran G (9), mulberofuran A (10) and mulberofuran B (11), by comparing their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. For these isolates, containing trace compounds, the inhibitory activity against IL-6 production in TNF-a stimulated MG-63 cells was examined. All isolated compounds (1 - 11) showed excellent inhibitory activity against IL-6 production in TNF-α stimulated MG-63 cells. Especially this study is first time to report that sanggenon A (5), sanggenon M (6), sanggenol A (7), mulberofuran G (9), mulberofuran A (10) and mulberofuran B (11) showed the inhibitory activity of IL-6 production. Our study suggested the possibility of anti-inflammatory regulation by compounds (1 - 11) isolated from M. alba.

생육시기별 식물 잎의 항산화제 함량 변화

강정렬,김석중,박신,Kang, Jung-Yeol,Kim, Seok-Joong,Park, Shin 한국생명과학회 2004 생명과학회지 Vol.14 No.1

많은 항산화제가 식물 잎에 존재한다고 알려져 있으나, 식물 잎의 성장시기에 따른 항산화제의 변화에 관한 연구는 드물다. 따라서 본 연구는 감잎, 뽕잎, 탱자나무잎에 존재하는 항산화 성분의 양을 잎의 성장 시기별로 조사하였다. 총 polyphenol의 함량은 잎이 성장하면서 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, 생육초기인 4월에 채취한 감잎의 경우 총 polyphenol의 함량이 4.62 g/dried 100 g으로 나타나, 뽕잎 1.70 g/dried 100 g와 탱자나무잎 0.91 g/dried 100 g에 비해 2.7∼5.1배 많이 검출되었다. Ascorbic acid의 함량도 성장함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, 뽕잎이 2.7∼6.0, 감잎이 5.3∼9.9, 탱자나뭇잎이 3.7∼6.9 mg/dried 100 g으로 감잎이 뽕잎이나 탱자나무에 비해 높게 나타났다. Glutathione리 함량도 성장함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었는데, 그 평균함량은 탱자나뭇잎이 35.7, 뽕잎이 15.8, 감잎이 2.3 mg/dried 100 g으로 탱자나뭇잎에서 현저하게 높게 나타났다. $\beta$-Carotene의 함량은 성장을 함에 따라 점차 증가하는 경향을 보였는데, 성장 후기인 9월에 채취한 잎의 경우, 뽕잎이 411.2 mg/dried 100 g으로 나타나, 감잎 198.5, 탱자나뭇잎 144.1 mg/dried 100 g보다 높은 수준으로 검출되었다. $\alpha$-Tocopherol의 함량도 성장함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었는데, 성장 후기인 9월에는 탱자나뭇잎이 52.8, 뽕잎이 48.6, 감잎이 61.7 mg/dried 100 g으로 나타나, 감잎이 다소 높게 검출되었다. lt is well known that some kinds of leaves contain a lot of antioxidants in them; however, little attention has been given to the study on the amount of antioxidants in them and the changes in the amount of antioxidants in them during their growth. Therefore, we examined the antioxidants in the leaves of persimon, moraceae, and trifoliage orange during their growth. The amount of total polyphenol tended to decrease during plants' growth, and each amount was 4.62 g/dried 100 g persimon leaf, 1.70 gloried 100 g moraceae leaf, and 0.91 g/dried 100 g trifoliage orange leaf in April. The amount of total polyphenol in persimon leaf was 2.7∼5.1 times higher than moraceae and trifoliage orange leaf. The amount of ascorbic acid also decreased during plants' growth, and each amount was 2.7∼6.0 mg/dried 100 g moraceae leaf, 5.3∼9.9 mg/dried 100 g persimon leaf, and 3.7∼6.9 mg/dried 100 g trifoliage orange leaf. Persimon leaf was found to contain higher amount of ascorbic acid than moraceae leaf or trifoliage orange leaf. The amount of glutathione tended to decrease during plants' growth, and each average amount was 35.7 mg/dried 100 g trifoliage orange leaf, 15.8 mg/dried 100 g moraceae leaf, and 2.3 mg/dried 100 g persimon leaf. Trifoliage orange leaf contained the highest amount of glutathione. $\beta$ -Carotene tended to increase during the growth, and each amount was 411.2 mg/dried 100 g moraceae leaf, 198.5 mg/dried 100 g persimon leaf, 144.1 mg/dried 100 g trifoliage orange leaf in September. $\alpha$ -Tocopherol also tended to increase during the growth, and each amount was 52.8 mg/dried 100 g trifoliage orange leaf, 48.6 mg/dried 100 g moraceae leaf, and 61.7 mg/dried 100 g persimon leaf in September.

Antinociceptive activity of the ethanolic extract of Ficus racemosa Lin. (Moraceae)

Muhshina Ferdous,Razina Rouf,Jamil Ahmad Shilpi,Shaikh Jamal Uddin 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.1

The ethanolic extract of Ficus racemosa Lin. (Moraceae) bark and fruit were tested for its possible antinociceptive activity study on acetic acid induced writhing method in mice. Both the bark and fruit extracts at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight showed significant antinociceptive activity on the experimental animals. The fruit extract showed most potent inhibition of acetic acid induced writhing in mice (61.38%, P < 0.001) where as the bark extract showed inhibition only 42.6% (P < 0.001) and all the result were statistically significant. The ethanolic extract of Ficus racemosa Lin. (Moraceae) bark and fruit were tested for its possible antinociceptive activity study on acetic acid induced writhing method in mice. Both the bark and fruit extracts at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight showed significant antinociceptive activity on the experimental animals. The fruit extract showed most potent inhibition of acetic acid induced writhing in mice (61.38%, P < 0.001) where as the bark extract showed inhibition only 42.6% (P < 0.001) and all the result were statistically significant.

Antinociceptive activity of the ethanolic extract of Ficus racemosa Lin. (Moraceae)

Ferdous, Muhshina,Rouf, Razina,Shilpi, Jamil Ahmad,Uddin, Shaikh Jamal Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.1

The ethanolic extract of Ficus racemosa Lin. (Moraceae) bark and fruit were tested for its possible antinociceptive activity study on acetic acid induced writhing method in mice. Both the bark and fruit extracts at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight showed significant antinociceptive activity on the experimental animals. The fruit extract showed most potent inhibition of acetic acid induced writhing in mice (61.38%, P < 0.001) where as the bark extract showed inhibition only 42.6% (P < 0.001) and all the result were statistically significant.

Taxonomic study of Broussonetia (Moraceae) in Korea

윤경원,김무열 한국식물분류학회 2009 식물 분류학회지 Vol.39 No.2

Three Korean Broussonetia species (Moraceae) were reexamined based on morphological characters. The plants which has been used for making traditional paper Hanji in Korea are considered hybrid species between B. kazinoki and B. papyrifera, its natural habitat was firstly discovered in Is. Gageo (Jeonnam Province). Thus it is newly described as B. × hanjiana M. Kim. Its Korean name is changed into Daknamu instead of Kkujidaknamu. Therefore, Korean name for B. kazinoki is also changed into Aegidaknamu instead of Daknamu. Dioecious plants of Broussonetia kazinoki which were found in Is. Gageo are named as B. kazinoki for. koreana M. Kim (Gageo-Aegidaknamu). Three Korean Broussonetia species (Moraceae) were reexamined based on morphological characters. The plants which has been used for making traditional paper Hanji in Korea are considered hybrid species between B. kazinoki and B. papyrifera, its natural habitat was firstly discovered in Is. Gageo (Jeonnam Province). Thus it is newly described as B. × hanjiana M. Kim. Its Korean name is changed into Daknamu instead of Kkujidaknamu. Therefore, Korean name for B. kazinoki is also changed into Aegidaknamu instead of Daknamu. Dioecious plants of Broussonetia kazinoki which were found in Is. Gageo are named as B. kazinoki for. koreana M. Kim (Gageo-Aegidaknamu).

대마초의 부견과 부작용

육창수,인문교,전경수,이제현 한국마약범죄학회 2001 마약범죄연구 Vol.8 No.-

Cannabis plants is an annual, dioecious herb inmw to central and western Asia and is cultivated in Korea and other tropical and temperate regions for the fiber and seed. Cannabis is the ancient Greek name of hemp, Cannabis consists of the dried Cannabis sativa flowering tops of the pistillate plants of Cannabis sativa Linne & Cannabis sativa var. indica Lamark.(Fam. Moraceae, ○科) The amount of resin found in the pistilate flowering tops of Cannabis sativa markedly decreases when the plants are grown in the more temperate climates. Thus, Indian Cannabis yields 20% or more of resin: Wisconsin hemp, 6% or less. Marihuana cigarettes began several decades ago. As the demand for these cigarettes increased and the habit of smoking them spread to highschool students. Studies in Cannabis, microscopical characters of their inbd morphology.

닥나무 뿌리껍질의 항산화 성분

이화진(Hwa Jin Lee),박재현(Jae Hyun Park),장동일(Dong Il Jang),류재하(Jae Ha Ryu) 大韓藥學會 1997 약학회지 Vol.41 No.4

From the root bark of Broussonetia kazinoki (Moraceae) two antioxidant components were identified. Their structures were determined as kazinol A (1) and kazinol E (2) (isoprenylated flavan and isoprenylated 1,3-diphenyl propan derivatives) by comparing NMR data with those of the reported compounds from relative plants. The antioxidant activity of 1 and 2 were monitored by the method of DPPH radical scavenging activity, whose SC50 values were 41.4mcM and 33.4mcM, respectively. These compounds also exhibited inhibitory activity against tyrosinase, which is the sole key enzyme for the melanin biosynthesis and play a role in conversion of tyrosine to dopa, and dopa to dopaquinone. The antioxidant effect and the suppression of melanin biosynthesis are useful for anti-aging, increasing vitality in the incidence of major degenerative diseases, and cosmetic products in relation to hyperpigmentation.

Hepatoprotective Constituents of Cudrania tricuspidata

Yu-Hua Tian,Hyun-Chul Kim,Jiong-Mo Cui,Youn-Chul Kim 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.1

Phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract of the root barks of Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau (Moraceae), as guided by hepatoprotective activity in vitro, furnished four isoprenylated xanthones, cudratricusxanthone A (1), cudraxanthone L (2), cudratricusxanthone E (3), and macluraxanthone B (4). All of these compounds showed the significant hepatoprotective effect on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in human liver-derived Hep G2 cells. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 also exhibited the significant hepatoprotective effect on nitrofurantoin-induced cytotoxicity in human liver-derived Hep G2 cells.

Anti-inflammatory activities of compounds from twigs of Morus alba

Tran, H.N.K.,Nguyen, V.T.,Kim, J.Ah.,Rho, S.S.,Woo, M.H.,Choi, J.S.,Lee, J.H.,Min, B.S. Elsevier 2017 Fitoterapia Vol.120 No.-

<P>Five new compounds, 10-oxomornigrol F (1), (7 '' R)-( -)-6-(7 ''-hydroxy-3 '',8 ''-dimethy1-2 '',8 ''-octadien-1 '' yl) apigenin (2), ramumorin A (3), ramumorin B (4), and (4S,7S,8R)-trihydroxyoctadeca-5Z-enoic add (5), together with 31 known compounds (6-36), were isolated from the twigs of Mortis alba (Moraceae). The chemical structures of these compounds were established using spectroscopic analyses, 10 and 2D NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), and Mosher's methods. The anti-inflammatory activities of the compounds were evaluated by investigating their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds 1, 2, 13, 17, 19, 25-28, and 32 showed inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 2.2 to 5.3 mu g/mL. Compounds 1, 2, 17, 25, and 32 reduced LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, pretreating the cells with compound 1, 17, and 32 significantly suppressed LPS-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein.</P>

Chalcone derivatives from the root bark of <i>Morus alba</i> L. act as inhibitors of PTP1B and <i>α</i>-glucosidase

Ha, Manh Tuan,Seong, Su Hui,Nguyen, Tien Dat,Cho, Won-Kyung,Ah, Kim Jeong,Ma, Jin Yeul,Woo, Mi Hee,Choi, Jae Sue,Min, Byung Sun Elsevier 2018 Phytochemistry Vol.155 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>As part of our continuing research to obtain pharmacologically active compounds from <I>Morus alba</I> L. (Moraceae), four Diels-Alder type adducts (DAs) [morusalbins A−D], one isoprenylated flavonoid [albanin T], together with twenty-one known phenolic compounds were isolated from its root bark. The chemical structures were established using NMR, MS, and ECD spectra. The DAs including morusalbins A−D, albasin B, macrourin G, yunanensin A, mulberrofuran G and K, and albanol B exhibited strong inhibitory activities against both protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) (IC<SUB>50</SUB>, 1.90<B>−</B>9.67 μM) and α-glucosidase (IC<SUB>50</SUB>, 2.29<B>−</B>5.91 μM). In the kinetic study, morusalbin D, albasin B, and macrourin G showed noncompetitive PTP1B inhibition, with <I>K</I> <SUB> <I>i</I> </SUB> values of 0.33, 1.00, and 1.09 μM, respectively. In contrast, these DAs together with yunanensin A produced competitive inhibition of <I>α</I>-glucosidase, with <I>K</I> <SUB> <I>i</I> </SUB> values of 0.64, 0.42, 2.42, and 1.19 μM, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking studies revealed that these active DAs have high affinity and tight binding capacity towards the active site of PTP1B and <I>α</I>-glucosidase.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>.</I>Four Diels-Alder adducts (DAs) and one isoprenylated flavonoid were isolated from <I>Morus alba</I> </LI> <LI> Absolute configuration of DAs with a bicyclo[3.3.1] core was confirmed for the first time by calculated ECD. </LI> <LI> Some of the DAs showed potent inhibition of both PTP1B and α-glucosidase. </LI> <LI> The active DAs could act as dual allosteric PTP1B/ catalytic <I>α</I>-glucosidase inhibitors. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Four Diels-Alder adducts, one isoprenylated flavonoid, and 21 known phenolic compounds were isolated from <I>Morus alba</I> root bark. The active Diels-Alder adducts could act as dual allosteric PTP1B/catalytic <I>α</I>-glucosidase inhibitors.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>