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Helper virus-free gutless adenovirus (HF-GLAd): a new platform for gene therapy
Jida Liu,Dai-Wu Seol 생화학분자생물학회 2020 BMB Reports Vol.53 No.11
Gene therapy is emerging as a treatment option for inherited genetic diseases. The success of this treatment approach greatly depends upon gene delivery vectors. Researchers have attempted to harness the potential of viral vectors for gene therapy applications over many decades. Among the viral vectors available, gutless adenovirus (GLAd) has been recognized as one of the most promising vectors for in vivo gene delivery. GLAd is constructed by deleting all the viral genes from an adenovirus. Owing to this structural feature, the production of GLAd requires a helper that supplies viral proteins in trans. Conventionally, the helper is an adenovirus. Although the helper adenovirus efficiently provides helper functions, it remains as an unavoidable contaminant and also generates replicationcompetent adenovirus (RCA) during the production of GLAd. These two undesirable contaminants have raised safety concerns and hindered the clinical applications of GLAd. Recently, we developed helper virus-free gutless adenovirus (HF-GLAd), a new version of GLAd, which is produced by a helper plasmid instead of a helper adenovirus. Utilization of this helper plasmid eliminated the helper adenovirus and RCA contamination in the production of GLAd. HF-GLAd, devoid of helper adenovirus and RCA contaminants, will facilitate its clinical applications. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of adenoviruses, the evolution and production of adenoviral vectors, and the unique features of HF-GLAd as a new platform for gene therapy. Furthermore, we highlight the potential applications of HF-GLAd as a gene delivery vector for the treatment of various inherited genetic diseases.
서지근,김상현 한국물리학회 2015 새물리 Vol.65 No.6
기울어진 각도증착 (GLAD)에 의한 성장 형태를 증착원자의 궤적을 계산하는 분자동역학 (MD) 프로그램을 결합한 운동학적 몬테카를로 (KMC) 시뮬레이션을 통하여 고찰하였다. 제한된 하강확산 (RDF) 모형과 같이 증착원자의 매달린 (overhang) 상태를 허용하는 모형만이 막대형 구조물 형성이 가능함을 시뮬레이션 계산으로 확인하였다. 그러나 막대형 구조물의 형성은 매달린 증착 원자의 하강 확산장벽의 크기와는 무관함을 보았다. GLAD에 의한 막대형 구조물은 낮은 온도 또는 낮은 증착원자 속력과 같은 확산이 제한된 증착 조건에서 쉽게 형성되었다. 또한 높은 슈봐벨 장벽 값이나 높은 모서리 장벽 값을 가진 물질계의 GLAD 증착이 막대형 성장을 잘 만드는 것을 확인하였다. The growth characteristics of glancing angle deposition (GLAD) are studied by using kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations in conjunction with molecular dynamics (MD) analyses of the deposited atoms to account for the steering effect. Columnar structures can be reproduced through simulations based on the restricted downward funneling (RDF) model wherein deposited atoms can be trapped on overhang positions. However, the appearance of a columnar structure is not connected with the size of the downward funneling diffusion barrier of the overhang atom. The columnar structures grown by using GLAD can easily be produced under the deposition conditions of restricted diffusion, such as a low temperature or a low speed of the deposited atom. We also confirmed that the GLAD of a material system with a high Schwoebel barrier or a high cornerrounding diffusion barrier led to columnar structures.
汪翠 중국어문연구회 2023 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.113
Tao Yuanming’s Songs on the Poor embody his spirit of “peace and poverty” after his retirement. However, two different evaluations of “Stick to Tao” and “glad to Tao” appeared in the evaluation of Songs on the Poor. “Tao” in Songs on the Poor refers to Tao Yuanming’s life principles, then it is very important to clarify Tao Yuanming’s attitude to this criterion in the study of Tao Yuanming’s thoughts in Songs on the Poor. In Tao Yuanming’s poetry, the characters are a great feature, so the characters in Songs on the Poor are also the focus of the study. In addition, the words used to modify the characters in Songs on the Poor are also different from the previous “natural” and “flat” styles of pottery poetry. However, the words used in Songs on the Poor are different from before. Therefore, this paper will analyze the characters spirit and the use of words in this group of poems, to explore the accuracy of “Stick to Tao” and “glad to Tao”. And he is committed to further clarifying the attribution of Tao Yuanming’s thoughts in Songs on the Poor.
2D Like Photonic Crystal Using In2O3-SiOx Heterostructure Nanocolumn Arrays and Humidity Sensing
Naorem Khelchand Singh,Bijit Choudhuri,Aniruddha Mondal,Jay Chandra Dhar,Tamal Goswami,Saptadip Saha,Chitralekha Ngangbam 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.5
2D like photonic crystal was fabricated with the help of GLAD synthesized In2O3-SiOx heterostructure nanocolumnar arrays. Different dielectric media like air and water were used to demonstrate the optical characteristics and band gap of the crystal. Nearly 33 nm red shift of the band gap was observed for wet sample as compared to dry. Broad band UV-Vis absorption has been observed for the dry In2O3-SiOx heterostructure nanocolumnar arrays, which decreases in wet condition. The device shows low current conduction at lower humidity, which enhances at higher humidity condition due to the absorption of water molecules from the environment by the porous surface. The device possesses 5.6 × 10−3 mA/cm2 current at 10%, which increases to 1.4 × 10−1 mA/cm2 at 99% humidity under applied potential of 2 V. The sample shows the color alteration from black (dry) to brown (wet) due to changes in its effective refractive index.
Aniruddha Mondal,Jay Chandra Dhar,P Chinnamuthu,Naorem Khelchand Singh,Kalyan Kumar Chattopadhyay,Sanat Kumar Das,Santosh Ch Das,Anirban Bhattacharyya 대한금속·재료학회 2013 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.9 No.2
Symmetrical TiO2 nanowire (NW) arrays have been synthesized on Si by using glancing angle deposition technique. The Raman spectrum of TiO2 thin film (TF) and TiO2 NWs sample indicates the presence of both anatase and rutile phase TiO2. The electrical properties of the vertically ordered TiO2 NW arrays have been measured. The leakage current for high-k TiO2/Si capacitance reduced with the addition of TiO2 NWs on 30 nm TF. TiO2 NW dielectric was employed to achieve large conduction band offset between oxide layer and Si. A high gate capacitance has been observed due to NW effect. The barrier height between Ag/TiO2-NW interfaces was 0.9 eV and an exclusively lowest leakage current of 8.8 × 10−7 A/cm2 (at +1 V)was reported for the TiO2 NW device.
李貞姬(Li Zhenji) 중국어문학연구회 2011 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.67
중국어에서 ‘기쁨’을 나타내는 어휘는 ‘高?'이고 '기쁨'이 밖으로 드러나는 외부적 반응은 '笑’이다. 본문은 ‘高?/笑得+신체어’와 ‘高?地+신체어’구조에서 활용된 신체어 구조를 통하여 기쁨을 나타내는 표현에서 보여 지는 신체 생리적 특징과 기쁨의 감정이 개념화되는 양상을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 ‘高?/笑得+신체어’와 ‘高?地+신체어’ 구조로 ‘기쁨’를 나타내는데 쓰인 신체어는 머리, 얼굴, 입, 입술, 치아, 귀, 목, 머리카락, 눈, 눈가, 눈시울, 눈썹, 몸, 어깨, 허리, 손, 주먹, 팔, 다리, 발, 가슴, 배, 눈물, 휘파람”등 41개 신체부위 및 신체부위와 관련된 질병, 분비물이다. 이러한 신체어로 나타내는 ‘기쁨’의 은유적 양상은 ‘웃음, 빛, 위로 향함, 상체동작, 붉은색, 넘침’ 등 6가지로 개념화된다. 또한 중국어 표현에 상응하는 한국어 표현을 대조함으로써 신체어를 활용한 두 언어의 공통점과 차이점을 살펴보고 중국어에서 주로 사용하는 서술어를 정리하여 학생들이 기쁨표현을 익히는데 활용하도록 하였다.