Evaluating the insecticidal potential of ethanol extracts from Melia azedarach Linn. against Bactrocera cucurbitae - a pest inflicting damage on Momordica charantia Linn.

Tran Thi Phuong Nhung,Le Pham Tan Quoc (사)한국식물생명공학회 2024 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.51 No.2

This study explores the insecticidal efficacy of ethanol extracts - obtained from the fruits and seeds of Melia azedarach (MAFS) - against Bactrocera cucurbitae. We assessed the effectiveness of the MAFS extracts at concentrations ranging from 1 to 625 ppm using both laboratory and greenhouse models. Sofri protein 10 DD (1.2 liters/ha) served as the standard insecticide, while water functioned as the negative control. Key parameters evaluated include pupation period, germination time, quantities of pupae and adult individuals, and the severity of damage to bitter melon fruits. In the laboratory model, MAFS significantly prolonged the pupation period (p < 0.05), reduced pupal numbers (p < 0.05), and affected the pupation percentage of B. cucurbitae (p < 0.05). In addition, the germination time (p < 0.05) and proportion of adult B. cucurbitae emergence (p < 0.05) were also significantly impacted. In the greenhouse experiment, MAFS significantly reduced the quantity of B. cucurbitae eggs on bitter melon plants (p < 0.05), resulting in a notable decrease in both larval (p < 0.05) and pupal quantities (p < 0.05). The inhibitory effects of MAFS on larval (p < 0.05) and pupal quantities (p < 0.05), as well as survival from the larval to adult stage, were equivalent to the sofri protein (p < 0.05). MAFS effectively mitigated the severity of damage to bitter melon fruits caused by B. cucurbitae (p < 0.05). Moreover, MAFS exhibits significant effects throughout the various developmental stages of B. cucurbitae. These findings support the potential of MAFS ethanol extracts as an efficient and eco-friendly solution for pest infestation management.

Fusarium solani f. sp cucurbitae에 의한 오이 근경썩음병

한경숙,이성찬,한유경,김동휘,김수 한국식물병리학회 2012 식물병연구 Vol.18 No.1

In March 2010, grafted cucumber cultivated in the greenhouse showed a severe rot on crown resulting yellowing and wilting of the leaves. The symptoms of naturally infected plants showed dark brown, watersoaked lesions at the base of the stem. The fungus produced mass of white mycelium and yellow to orange spores in necrotic lesions on dead and dying plants. Fungus was isolated from rotted tissues of the crown and root. On the basis of morphological characteristics, ITS sequence and pathogenicity tests, the isolate was identified as Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae. This is the first report of the crown and foot rot of grafted cucumber caused by F. solani f. sp. cucurbitae in Korea.

Capture of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in traps baited with liquid versus solid formulations of male lures

Todd E. Shelly,Rick Kurashima,Jon Nishimoto,A. Diaz,J. Leathers,D. Joseph,M. War 한국응용곤충학회 2011 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.14 No.4

Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and B. cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important agricultural pests of the Pacific region. Detection and control of these species rely largely on traps baited with malespecific attractants (parapheromones), namely methyl eugenol for B. dorsalis and cue lure for B. cucurbitae. Presently, these lures (plus naled, an insecticide) are applied in liquid form, although this procedure is timeconsuming,and naled as well as methyl eugenol may pose human health risks. Recently, a solid formulation (termed a wafer) has been developed that contains both male lures (plus DDVP, an insecticide), and here we present data from field tests in California and Hawaii that compare the effectiveness of liquid versus solid formulations of the lures in capturing marked, released males of these two Bactrocera species. For both species and in both California and Hawaii, traps baited with the solid formulation of the male lure captured similar or significantly more released flies than the liquid formulation for both fresh and aged baits. Traps in Hawaii also captured wild (unmarked) males of both B. dorsalis and B. cucurbitae, and the results obtained for wild flies were similar to those recorded for released flies for both species. Collectively, the results presented suggest that the solid dispenser of the male lures constitutes a reliable substitute for the liquid formulation in detecting incipient Bactrocera outbreaks

건조방법을 달리한 땅콩호박의 영양성분 분석 및 생리활성 평가

심완섭,김호중,구수빈,채선희,최용원,문효,박성민,이옥환,Sim, Wan-Sup,Kim, Ho-Joong,Ku, Su-Bin,Chae, Seon-Hee,Choi, Yong-Won,Men, Xiao,Park, Sung-Min,Lee, Ok-Hwan 한국식품영양학회 2020 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data of butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata) according to the drying methods. The proximate composition and chromaticity of freeze-dried and hot air-dried Cucurbita moschata powders were evaluated, and the antioxidant effects of these ethanolic extracts were analyzed by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, reducing power activity, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. As a result, Cucurbita moschata was revealed to have high carbohydrate and crude protein contents, while crude ash and crude fat contents were relatively low. Also, it was confirmed that the hot air-dried Cucurbita moschata had lower L, a, and b values than the freeze-dried Cucurbita moschata. Additionally, as a result of analyzing the antioxidant activity of Cucurbita moschata ethanolic extracts, hot air-dried Cucurbita moschata ethanolic extract showed significantly superior antioxidant activity than freeze-dried Cucurbita moschata ethanolic extract. Also, hot air-dried Cucurbita moschata ethanolic extract was revealed to have a higher polyphenol content, but slightly lower flavonoid content than freeze-dried Cucurbita moschata ethanolic extract. Based on the data from this study, further experiments on Cucurbita moschata material are necessary.

원저 : 호박잎의 항산화 효과 연구

차윤엽 ( Yun Yeop Cha ) 한방비만학회 2009 한방비만학회지 Vol.9 No.2

In recent year, We are concerned about anti-aging, disease-protection, long-life, many methods are used in solving this problem. And Those are related with antioxidative ability. Recently, We heard that Cucurbita moschata Duch. has anti-hypertensive effect and good for health. So I let made a experiment for this result of the anti-oxidant effect of Cucurbita moschata Duch. used for 3 methods, those are DPPH radical scavenging activity, Nitric oxide(NO) radical scavenging activity and Bovine serum albumin(BSA). The results of this study were as follows: We measured level of DPPH radical scavenging activity. And we obtained results that the ability of DPPH radical``s elimination was increased when concentration of Cucurbita moschata Duch. was to 20 ㎎/㎖. We measured level of Nitric oxide(NO) radical scavenging activity. And we founded that the ability of NO radical``s elimination was increased when concentration of Cucurbita moschata Duch. was to 10 ㎎/㎖. When we inspected antioxidation with Bovine serum albumin(BSA). And we obtained that antioxidative ability was increased after 2.5 ㎎/㎖ of Cucurbita moschata Duch.. So I guess that Cucurbita moschata Duch. has effect of antioxidative ability. Hereafter we need differential experimental methods for evidence of antioxidative effect on Cucurbita moschata Duch.

Effect of Solvent Extraction on the Anti-complementary Activities of Green and Ripe Cucurbita moschata Duch

Yang, Jin-Ok,Kim, Chang-Jin,Song, Kyung-Bin The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2001 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.6 No.2

The edible part of cucurbita moschata Duch, which is commonly used as a Korean traditional medicine as well as a popular food source, was studied to isolate anti-complementary substance. Extracts of Cucurbita moschata Duch showed significant anti-complementary activities on the classical pathway of the complement system. Especially, the ripe Cucurbita moschata Duch had more activity than that of the complement system. Especially, the ripe Cucurbita moschata Duch had more activity than that of the green one in terms of the overall anti-complementary activity. Among the extracts of various organic solvents of the ripe Cucurbita moschata Duch, chloroform and ethyl-acetate extracts, which are non-polar solvent extracts, showed the strongest activities. These results suggest that the major difference in the solvent extraction for the anti-complementary substances depends on the change in the chemical composition such as the fatty acid with the degree of ripening.

호박 유전자원의 흰가루병 저항성 평가

김상규,노나영,허온숙,곽재균,허윤찬,이주희,성정숙,정해곤,권택윤,백형진 한국국제농업개발학회 2014 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

호박 흰가루병은 호박 재배에서 중요한 병중의 하나이다. 호박 흰가루병 발생을 억제한는 최선의 방법은 흰가루병 저항성 유전자원의 선발과 이를 이용한 저항성 품종의 육성 일 것이다. 본 연구는 호박 생산에 걸림돌이 되는 흰가루병 발생을 최소화 할 수 있는 저항성 품종 육성하고자 농업유전자원센터에 보존되고 있는 유전자원으로부터 흰가루 저항성자원을 발굴하기 위하여 수행하였다. 흰가루병 저항성 평가를 위해 248점의 유전자원을 흰가루병에 감염된 잎을 가지고 접종하였으며 비닐하우스에서 접종 한달 후에 평가하였다. 호박 흰가루병 저항성으로 Cucurbita maxima 3점과 Cucurbita moschata 1점이 선발되었으며, 5점이 중도저항성으로 평가되었다. 흰가루병 저항성 정도는 표피세포와 큐티클층의 두께가 두꺼울수록 저항성으로 나타났다. 표피세포와 큐티클층의 두께가 흰가루병균의 침입을 억제하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. 저항성 자원 4점은 흰가루병 저항성 육종의 재료로 이용할 수 있을 것이다. Powdery mildew is one of the important diseases occurred in Cucurbitaceae. Screening of pumpkin germplasm for powdery mildew resistance is the best way in developing new variety to prevent or reduce the occurrence of this disease. This study was conducted to identify the resistance accessions of pumpkin germplasm in the National Agrobiodiversity Center of RDA. Identification of powdery mildew resistant germplasm was conducted after inoculate with infected pumpkin leaves in powdery mildew for two hundred forty-eight accessioins of pumpkin germplasm. Degree of disease resistant was evaluated one month after inoculation under greenhouse conditions. Out of two hundred forty-eight accessions of pumpkin germplasm, three accessions of Cucurbita maxima and one accession of Cucurbita moschata were recognized as resistant germplasm to powdery mildew. Five accessions were moderate resistant. The resistance levels of powdery mildew were positively correlated with the thickness of epidermal cell wall and cuticle layer in Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata. The thickness of epidermal cell wall and cuticle layer may play a role to prevent infection of powdery mildew. Four resistant germplasm can be used as breeding resources for the powdery mildew resistance.

Evaluation of Cucurbita ficifolia Juice as a Hepatoprotective Drug in Human Type 2 Diabetes

( Dhananjay Yadav ),( Amita Jain ),( Meerambika Mishra ),( Arvind Tiwari ),( Gbks Prasad ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: The present study has been undertaken to analyze the hepatoprotective potential of Cucurbita ficifolia juice in type 2 diabetic subjects. Methods: A total 34 subjects were selected for the study out of which 14 subjects were with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 10 subjects were selected as a normal control group and 10 subjects were selected as a normal treated group. The patients had type 2 diabetes for more than 2 years, their mean age was less than 45 years, and subjects were then asked to start the Cucurbita ficifolia juice therapy starting at day 0 and continuing up to 40 day both for diabetic and normal subjects. Liver enzymes such as. serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and bilirubin were measured. Results: After 40 days of Cucurbita ficifolia juice therapy, there was a decrease of 9.45% and 27.85% (P<0.01) for SGPT and total serum bilirubin, while the SGOT levels increased by 2.02% in the case of diabetic treated subjects that was not found to be significant. Conclusions: The liver enzymes measured in our study ameliorated in type 2 diabetic patients. The results suggest that the Cucurbita ficifolia juice therapy could be used as a hepatoprotective drug in type 2 diabetes.

Physicochemical, nutritional and functional properties of Cucurbita moschata

문효,최선일,hanxionggao,권희연,장길웅,최예은,박성민,이옥환 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.2

Cucurbita moschata is widely planted in mostparts of the world, and is rich in carotenoids, vitamins,dietary fiber, minerals, and phenolic compounds. It also hasimportant medicinal value. Some related research hasproven that Cucurbita moschata has the potential ability toinduce anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, and anticancereffects. At the same time, it has attracted moreattention in the medical field. These nutrients and bioactivecompounds in Cucurbita moschata have important effectson human health. In order to make better use of this crop, itstill needs further study. Therefore, the purpose of thisarticle is to summarize the physicochemical properties andnutritional components of Cucurbita moschata, and toprovide a reference for further research on the benefits ofon human health.

땅콩호박(Cucurbita moschata ‘Butternut’ ) 씨 추출물의 항염증 효능 검증

김효민(Kim, Hyo Min),이인철(Lee, In Chul) K교육연구학회 2021 사회과학리뷰 Vol.6 No.3

본 연구에서는 버려지고 있는 땅콩호박(Cucurbita moschata ‘Butternut’ )의 씨를 활용하기 위해 70% 에탄올로 추출(CMBE)하여 항산화 및 항염증 검증을 통해 천연 소재로서의 이용가치를 확인하고자 하였다. 땅콩호박 씨의 생리 활성을 확인하기 위해 총 폴리페놀 함량, 전자공여능, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) 라디칼 소거능을 측정하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량 측정 결과, CMBE는 115.17 ± 0.65 mg/100 g의 총 폴리페놀 함량을 확인하였다. 전자공여능 및 ABTS 라디칼을 측정한 결과, CMBE는 1,000 μg/ml 농도에서 30.01%, 90.52%의 항산화 활성이 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 대식세포인 RAW 264.7을 이용하여 3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay를 통해 세포생존율을 확인한 결과, CMBE는 100 μg/ml 농도에서 95% 이상의 세포 생존율을 확인하였다. 이후 실험은 세포생존율이 95% 이상인 100 μg/ml 농도 이하에서 진행하였다. 항염증 활성을 검증하기 위해 NO 생성 저해 활성을 측정한 결과, 농도의존적으로 감소함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로, 땅콩호박 씨의 항산화 및 nitric oxide(NO) 생성량 저해 활성을 검증하였으며, 이에 땅콩호박 씨 추출물은 천연 소재로서의 개발 가능성을 가진 것으로 판단되어진다. In this study, to utilize the seeds of Cucurbita moschata ‘Butternut’, extract it with 70% ethanol (CMBE) and cofirmed the value of use as a natural material through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory verification. To prove the physiological activity of CMBE, total polyphenol content, electron donating ability, and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging ability were measured. As a result of measuring the total polyphenol content, CMBE confirmed a total polyphenol content of 115.17 ± 0.65 mg/100 g. As a result of measuring electron donating ability and ABTS radical scavenging, it was confirmed that CMBE exhibited antioxidant activity of 30.01% and 90.52% at a concentration of 1,000 μg/ml. As a result of confirming cell viability through 3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay using RAW 264.7, CMBE was found to have a cell viability of 95% or more at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Subsequent experiments were conducted at a concentration of 100 μ g/ml or less. Anti-inflammatory activity was verified through nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory activity measurement, and it was confirmed that the concentration-dependent decrease was confirmed. Based on these results, the antioxidant and NO production inhibitory activity of Cucurbita moschata ‘Butternut’ seeds was verified, and CMBE was judged to have potential for development as a natural material.