Role of DDX53 in taxol-resistance of cervix cancer cells in vitro

Park, Su Yeon,Kim, Won jin,Byun, Jae hwan,Lee, Jae Jun,Jeoung, Dooil,Park, Sung Taek,Kim, Youngmi Elsevier 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.506 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cancer/Testis antigen DDX53 shows high expression level in various tumors and is involved in anti-cancer drug resistance. However, the functional study of DDX53 in cervix cancer remains unknown. In this study, the role of DDX53 in taxol-resistance of cervix cancer cells was investigated. In taxol-resistant Hela<SUP>TR</SUP> cells, DDX53 was significantly increased as compared to the parental HeLa cells. Hela<SUP>TR</SUP> cells also showed upregulation of multidrug resistant gene MDR1, invasive characteristics and decreased apoptosis. In addition, increased autophagy level was observed in Hela<SUP>TR</SUP> cells. Overexpression of DDX53 in HeLa and SiHa markedly led to greater resistance to taxol and cisplatin, whereas knockdown of DDX53 in Hela<SUP>TR</SUP> cells restored sensitivity, demonstrating that DDX53 regulated taxol resistance in cervix cancer cells. DDX53 overexpression in HeLa and SiHa cells enhanced invasion, migration and anchorage independent growth, DDX53 knockdown showed inverse effects in HeLa<SUP>TR</SUP> cells. When DDX53 expression was suppressed by siRNA, autophagic flux and drug resistance of Hela<SUP>TR</SUP> cells were decreased. In addition, DDX53 was upregulated in cervix cancer tissues from patient with a glassy cell carcinoma of cervix. Taken together, these results suggest that DDX53 plays a critical role in taxol-resistance by activating autophagy and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of taxol-resistant cervix cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> DDX53 is upregulated in taxol-resistance HeLa<SUP>TR</SUP> cervix cancer cells. </LI> <LI> DDX53 increases the invasion, migration and colony formation of HeLa<SUP>TR</SUP> cervix cancer cells. </LI> <LI> The downregulation of DDX53 contributes to the anti-cancer drug sensitivity of HeLa<SUP>TR</SUP> cervix cancer cells. </LI> <LI> DDX53 confers the anti-cancer drug resistance via activation of autophagy in HeLa<SUP>TR</SUP> cervix cancer cells. </LI> <LI> DDX53 is upregulated in cancer tissue and tissue-derived cancer cell from patient with glassy cell carcinoma of cervix. </LI> </UL> </P>

A Model Approach to Calculate Cancer Prevalence From 5 Year Survival Data for Selected Cancer Sites in India

Takiar, Ramnath,Jayant, Kasturi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background: Prevalence is a statistic of primary interest in public health. In the absence of good follow-up facilities, it is difficult to assess the complete prevalence of cancer for a given registry area. Objective: An attempt was here made to arrive at complete prevalence including limited duration prevalence with respect to selected sites of cancer for India by fitting appropriate models to 1, 3 and 5 years cancer survival data available for selected population-based registries. Materials and Methods: Survival data, available for the registries of Bhopal, Chennai, Karunagappally, and Mumbai was pooled to generate survival for breast, cervix, ovary, lung, stomach and mouth cancers. With the available data on survival for 1, 3 and 5 years, a model was fitted and the survival curve was extended beyond 5 years (up to 35 years) for each of the selected sites. This helped in generation of survival proportions by single year and thereby survival of cancer cases. With the help of survival proportions available year-wise and the incidence, prevalence figures were arrived for selected cancer sites and for selected periods. Results: The prevalence to incidence ratio (PI ratio) stabilized after a certain duration for all the cancer sites showing that from the knowledge of incidence, the prevalence can be calculated. The stabilized P/I ratios for the cancer sites of breast, cervix, ovary, stomach, lung, mouth and for life time was observed to be 4.90, 5.33, 2.75, 1.40, 1.37, 4.04 and 3.42 respectively. Conclusions: The validity of the model approach to calculate prevalence could be demonstrated with the help of survival data of Barshi registry for cervix cancer, available for the period 1988-2006.

여성암 환자의 재원일수 결정요인: 퇴원손상심층조사 자료를 이용하여

강윤정 ( Yoonjung Kang ),이혜원 ( Hyewon Lee ) 한국보건정보통계학회 2022 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.47 No.2

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate factors associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) in four women’s cancer (ovarian, breast, uterine cervix and uterine corpus cancer) patients. Methods: The Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey Data (2006-2017) collected by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used. We extracted 74,641 inpatients who were diagnosed with women’s cancer. We conducted a frequency analysis to analyze general characteristics of the study subjects for the four women’s cancers, and used the analysis of variance to compare the difference in the average LOS according to these characteristics. In addition, we performed Poisson regression analysis to evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics, medical institutions, medical use characteristics, and disease characteristics on the LOS in women’s cancer patients. Results: During the study period, the average LOS for each women’s cancer patients were 6.9 days for ovarian cancer, 6.0 days for breast cancer, 8.6 days for uterine cervical cancer, and 7.8 days for uterine corpus cancer. Among women’s cancers, cervical cancer patients had the longest average hospital stay. According to the Poisson regression analysis, it was found that pay method for medical expense (relative risk [RR] range: 1.019-1.498), admission route (RR range: 1.908-2.133), hospital residence (RR range: 0.698-1.068), the number of beds (RR range: 0.546-0.920), the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) severity (RR range: 1.139- 1.529), and comorbidities have a significant influence on LOS for all women’s cancer patients. Conclusions: It is necessary to efficiently manage the LOS for women’s cancer patients in the future by considering the determinants of each women’s cancer identified in our study.

한국에서 자궁경부암 방사선치료의 Patterns of Care Study 진행을 위한 문헌 비교 연구

최두호(Doo Ho Choi),김은석(Eun Seog Kim),김용호(Yong Ho Kim),김진희(Jin Hee Kim),양대식(Dae Sik Yang),강승희(Seung Hee Kang),우홍균(Hong Gyun Wu),김일한(Il Han Kim) 대한방사선종양학회 2005 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.23 No.2

목 적: 한국인의 여성암 중에서 호발하는 암 중의 하나인 자궁경부암의 검사 및 치료 형태와 치료 결과가 발표된 연구 논문을 통해 분석하고 미국과 일본 자궁경부암의 Patterns of Care Study (PCS)와 비교하여 한국실정에 맞는 PCS 문항 개발의 진행을 위한 기본 자료를 제시하기 위해 문헌 비교 연구를 시행하였다.대상 및 방법: 외국의 PCS 관련 자료는 PCS 홈페이지에 소개된 212편의 논문 및 초록 중에서 자궁경부암및 PCS 구조부분의 논문(42편)과 최근에 발표된 논문을 대상으로 하였으며 한국에서 연구된 것은 Korean Pub Med에서 자궁경부암과 방사선치료에 관한 자료를 구하고(99편) 외국 잡지에 발표된 것을 포함하여 PCS의 비교 대상을 선정하여 PCS의 구조(Structure), 진행(Process), 결과(Outcome) 의 순서에 따라 비교 분석하였으며 시대에 따른 PCS의 패턴을 분석하기 위해 1980년대 이전과 1990년대 이후의 연구 결과로 나누어서 분석하였다. 결 과: 미국과 일본에서 자궁경부암의 PCS에 관한 논문이 각각 28편과 10편이 분석 가능하였고 한국은 73편이 PCS에서 다루는 항목을 포함하여 분석 가능하였다. 미국과 일본의 PCS는 공통적으로 치료기관의 규모, 의사 및 환자 수, 그리고 치료기관의 성격에 따라 계층화된 3∼4개의 구조로 나누고 연구 대상 환자를 엄격하게 제한하였다. 그리고 연구의 진행을 위해 치료 전 병기 결정과정의 요소들을 나누고 시대에 따른 병기결정의 요소들을 분석하였으며 치료와 관련된 여러 가지 인자들을 다루고 FIGO 병기 이외의 예후인자들도 자세히 분석하며 기계에 대한 비교분석이 잘 되어 있다. 그러나 미국과 일본의 PCS도 그 나라의 특성상 미국은 인종간의 특성, 사회경제적 계층에 대한 분류를 시도하고 있으며, FIGO 병기에서 다루지 않은 종양의 크기(6편), 자궁방 또는 골반벽 침범이 한쪽 또는 양쪽으로 진행된 것에 따른 치료 결과의 분석이 활발하였고(5편), 일본은 종양표지자에 대한 연구가 포함되어 있다. 그리고 병기 결정 과정에서 공통적인 시대적 변화는 창기의 림프과조영술, 바륨 관장술이 점차 사라지고 나중에 CT, MRI의 비중이 높아졌다. 한국 자료는 주로 일 기관에서 한 연구로 구조(Structure)에 대한 언급이 없으며 기계적 특성에 따른 차이도 거의 분석하지 않았다. 그러나 최근의 연구 주제는 미국, 일본의 PCS에서 잘 다루지 않던 항암제의 병용 요법(9편), 치료기간(4편) 종양표지자(8편), 비전형적 분획 등을 다루고 있다. 론: 여러 나라의 문헌을 비교 분석하여 한국에서 필요한 자궁경부암의 PCS를 이용한 문항개발이 이루어졌다. 그리고 후속적인 연구로 진행될 근접치료기 사용 및 치료의 결과, 부작용 등의 비교 분석을 포함하여 한국형 자궁경부암 PCS에서 필요한 항목을 합의 도출하여 완성하였으며 이 내용을 토대로 향후 표준화된 치료 모델 개발을 위한 PCS가 진행될 수 있으며 환자의 치료에 있어서 부족했던 분야에 대해 교정할 수 있는 교육적인 목적도 제시할 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: Uterine cervix cancer is one of the most prevalent women cancer in Korea. We analysed published papers in Korea with comparing Patterns of Care Study (PCS) articles of United States and Japan for the purpose of developing and processing Korean PCS. Materials and Methods: We searched PCS related foreign-produced papers in the PCS homepage (212 articles and abstracts) and from the Pub Med to find Structure and Process of the PCS. To compare their study with Korean papers, we used the internet site “Korean Pub Med” to search 99 articles regarding uterine cervix cancer and radiation therapy. We analysed Korean paper by comparing them with selected PCS papers regarding Structure, Process and Outcome and compared their items between the period of before 1980's and 1990's. Results: Evaluable papers were 28 from United States, 10 from the Japan and 73 from the Korea which treated cervix PCS items. PCS papers for United States and Japan commonly stratified into 3∼4 categories on the bases of the scales characteristics of the facilities, numbers of the patients, doctors. Researchers restricted eligible patients strictly. For the process of the study, they analysed factors regarding pretreatment staging in chronological order, treatment related factors, factors in addition to FIGO staging and treatment machine. Papers in United States dealt with racial characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics of the patients, tumor size (6), and bilaterality of parametrial or pelvic side wall invasion (5), whereas papers from Japan treated of the tumor markers. The common trend in the process of staging work-up was decreased use of lymphangiogram, barium enema and increased use of CT and MRI over the times. The recent subject from the Korean papers dealt with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (9 papers), treatment duration (4), tumor markers (8) and unconventional fractionation. Conclusion: By comparing papers among 3 nations, we collected items for Korean uterine cervix cancer PCS. By consensus meeting and close communication, survey items for cervix cancer PCS were developed to measure structure, process and outcome of the radiation treatment of the cervix cancer. Subsequent future research will focus on the use of brachytherapy and its impact on outcome including complications. These finding and future PCS studies will direct the development of educational programs aimed at correcting identified deficits in care.

Survival of gynecological cancers in Turkey: where are we at?

Murat Gultekin,Selin Dundar,Irem Kucukyildiz,Mujdegul Zayifoglu Karaca,Guledal Boztas,Semra Hatice Turan,Ezgi Hacikamiloglu,Bekir Keskinkilic 대한부인종양학회 2017 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.28 No.6

Objective: To investigate the 5-year relative survival rates in gynecological cancers diagnosed and treated in Turkey by year 2009 and to compare the results with developed countries. Methods: Data of patients diagnosed for ovarian, corpus uteri or cervix uteri cancer at year 2009 are collected from 9 national cancer registry centers. Date of deaths are retracted from governmental Identity Information Sharing System (KPS). In order to calculate relative survival rates, national general population mortality tables are obtained from Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). Hakulinen method is used for computing curves by R program. Data for European, Asian and some developed countries were obtained from official web pages. Results: A total of 1,553 patients are evaluated. Among these, 713 (45.9%) are corpus uteri cancers, while remaining 489 (31.5%) are ovarian and 351 (22.6%) are cervix uteri. Five-year overall relative survival rates are 85%, 50%, and 62% for corpus uteri, ovarian, and cervix uteri, respectively. These figures are between 73%–87% for corpus uteri, 31%–62% for ovarian and 61%–80% for cervix uteri in developed countries. Stage is the most important factor for survival in all cancers. Five-year relative survival rates in corpus uteri cancers are 92%, 66%, and 38% for localized, regional, and distant metastatic disease, respectively. These figures are 77%, 57%, and 29% for ovarian; 80%, 50%, and 22% for cervix uteri. Conclusion: This is the first report from Turkey giving national overall relative survival for gynecological cancers from a population based cancer registry system.

Incidence of cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer in Korea during 1999–2015

임명철,원영주,고문정,김미선,심승혁,서동훈,김재원 대한부인종양학회 2019 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.30 No.1

Objective: To investigate the incidence and trends of cervical (C53), endometrial (C54.1), and ovarian cancer (C56) among Korean females between 1999 and 2015. Methods: The incidence of the three major gynecological cancers between 1999 and 2015 was analyzed based on the data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry. The age-standardized rates (ASRs) and the annual percent changes (APCs) for each site were calculated. Results: The absolute incidence rates of the three major gynecological cancers increased from 6,394 in 1999 to 8,288 in 2015. ASR for gynecologic cancer decreased from 23.7 per 100,000 in 1999 to 21.1 in 2015. This was mainly due to a definitive decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer, which recorded an APC of −3.7%. The trends of APC for gynecologic cancer were variable, being −1.36% between 1999 and 2006 and −0.11% between 2006 and 2015. A definitive but variable increase was noted for endometrial cancer, and the APC for this cancer was 7.4% between 1999 and 2009 and 3.5% between 2009 and 2015. The incidence of ovarian cancer gradually increased, with an APC of 1.8% between 1999 and 2015. Conclusion: Overall, ASRs and APCs for the three major gynecological cancers are decreasing, with a recent reduction in the width of the change. However, there has been a progressive increase in the incidence of endometrial and ovarian cancers.

Role of human papillomavirus and p53 tumor suppressor gene in cervical carcinogenesis

Kim, Kun-Hong,Kim, Yoon-Soo Yonsei University, College of Medicine 1995 Yonsei medical journal Vol.36 No.5

Follow-Up Consultations for Cervical Cancer Patients in a Mexican Cancer Center. Comparison with NCCN Guidelines

Serrano-Olvera, Alberto,Cetina, Lucely,Coronel, Jaime,Duenas-Gonzalez, Alfonso Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the patterns of follow-up visits for cervix cancer in a national cancer center in Mexico. Materials and Methods: The National Cancer Institute of Mexico is cancer center with 119 beds that mostly cares for an underserved and socially disadvantaged population. The medical records of cases of cervical cancer that had at least one year of clinical follow-up after being in complete response at the end of primary treatment were analyzed. We recorded the numbers of total and yearly follow-up visits and these were compared with the number of follow-up visits recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2013, version 2 for cervical cancer. Results: Between March and June 2007, the medical records of 96 consecutive patients were reviewed. Twenty (21%) of these met inclusion criteria and were selected. In the first year the median number of visits was 11 (4-20). In the ensuing years, $2^{nd}$, $3^{rd}$, $4^{th}$ and $5^{th}$, the number of analyzed patients remaining in follow-up decreased to 17, 14, 13 and 9 respectively. There were 462 follow-up visits to primary treating services (Gynecology Oncology, Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology) as compared to 220 suggested by the NCCN guidelines ($X^2$ test p<0.0001). There were 150 additional visits to other services. Conclusions: Our results suggest that in our institution there is an overuse of oncological services by cervical cancer patients once treatment is completed.

Inhibitory Effect of Bee Venom Toxin on the Growth of Cervix Cancer C33A Cells via Death Receptor Expression and Apoptosis

고성철,송호섭 대한침구의학회 2014 대한침구의학회지 Vol.30 No.3

Objectives : We investigated whether bee venom(BV) inhibit cell growth through enhancement of death receptor expressions in the human cervix cancer C33A cells. Methods : BV(1~5 ㎍/㎖) inhibited the growth of cervix cancer C33A cells by the induction of apoptotic cell death in a dose dependent manner. Results : Consistent with apoptotic cell death, expression of Fas, death receptor(DR) 3, 4, 5 and 6 was increased concentration dependently in the cells. Moreover, Fas, DR3 and DR6 revealed more sensitivity to BV. Thus, We reconfirmed whether they actually play a critical role in anti-proliferation of cervix cancer C33A cells. Consecutively, expression of DR downstream pro-apoptotic proteins including caspase-8, -3, -9 was upregulated and Bax was concomitantly overwhelmed the expression of Bcl-2. NF-κB were also inhibited by treatment with BV in C33A cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that BV could exert anti-tumor effect through induction of apoptotic cell death in human cervix cancer C33A cells via enhancement of death receptor expression, and that BV could be a promising agent for preventing and treating cervix cancer.

Inhibitory Effect of Bee Venom Toxin on the Growth of Cervix Cancer C33A Cells via Death Receptor Expression and Apoptosis

Ko, Seong Cheol,Song, Ho Sueb Korean AcupunctureMoxibustion Medicine Society 2014 대한침구의학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Objectives : We investigated whether bee venom(BV) inhibit cell growth through enhancement of death receptor expressions in the human cervix cancer C33A cells. Methods : BV($1{\sim}5{\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the growth of cervix cancer C33A cells by the induction of apoptotic cell death in a dose dependent manner. Results : Consistent with apoptotic cell death, expression of Fas, death receptor(DR) 3, 4, 5 and 6 was increased concentration dependently in the cells. Moreover, Fas, DR3 and DR6 revealed more sensitivity to BV. Thus, We reconfirmed whether they actually play a critical role in anti-proliferation of cervix cancer C33A cells. Consecutively, expression of DR downstream pro-apoptotic proteins including caspase-8, -3, -9 was upregulated and Bax was concomitantly overwhelmed the expression of Bcl-2. NF-${\kappa}B$ were also inhibited by treatment with BV in C33A cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that BV could exert anti-tumor effect through induction of apoptotic cell death in human cervix cancer C33A cells via enhancement of death receptor expression, and that BV could be a promising agent for preventing and treating cervix cancer.