한-일항로 카페리 선사의 해상 화물 운송상의 차별화된 경쟁력에 관한 연구

김현겸(Hyun-Kyum Kim),최재형(Jae-Hyeong Choi),권현준(Hyun-Joon Kwon) 한국해양비즈니스학회 2007 해양비즈니스 Vol.- No.9

  Structural variationof International environment surrounding shipping industry is making rapid progress. The trends of the fastest growing of Chinese shipping industry, large-sized shipping company and large scale of port facilities are clear in the latest distinctive feature of shipping market<BR>  Also going side by side, the owners face a task of providing shippers with excellent quality appeal to them according to the shippers becoming bigger and the appearance of shippers’ various requests.<BR>  Now it serve 12 Korean container liners and 3 car ferry liners between Korea and Japan route and serve some liner of third country feeder cargos partly. As large shipping companies or some liner of third country serve feeder cargos in person and in part with recent increase in RORO Car Ferry, the existing 12 container liners are competing desperately.<BR>  The purpose of this study is for inspecting closely the present status that Korean liners serving in Korea-Japan Route face competing environment desperately, and enhancement of competitive power of shipping enterprises via not simple comparison but "Mode Shifting" which is focused on the distinctive feature of Car Ferry companies’cargo transportation which companies have higher market share with high freight policy than general container liners.<BR>  Container ships, It takes more than a day to reach their destination and then take 8 hours or so to discharge the cargos as well as take about a day to pass customs clearance but, in case of car ferry ships, it takes the shortest time to reach their ports and it’s possible to pass customs clearance and take out immediately. It’s possible not only to induce higher value-added cargos but also to establish high freight policy.<BR>  As confirmed such prevailing merits like short voyage hours, discharging, customs clearance compared with container ships, Car Ferry companies are able to induce a plenty of cargos on the basis of un-competitive price.<BR>  Such a competitive power is merits of Car Ferry of which transport cargos and passengers together and is an element of un-competitive price as Car Ferry’s merit and most compared with container ship’s.<BR>  Car Ferry with speed, accuracy has competitive power surpassing container and bulk transportation in logistics between Korea and Japan. Besides such a competitive power is not only simply advanced technique but also the creation of mode into connection as single economic bloc without stock between Korea and Japan.<BR>  Now almost nations are under FTA and the barriers between nations are crumbling. The last one will be only the barrier of transportation. As keeping pace with the times, ‘Ferry Transportation Mode’ will become a model of ‘Mode Shifting’ of logistics overcoming the barriers of transportation.

우리나라 국제카페리항로 시장의 발전방안에 관한 한 고찰

오용식(Yong sik Oh),구경모(Kyoung mo Koo) 한국국제상학회 2015 國際商學 Vol.30 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 한일항로와 한중항로를 중심으로 우리나라를 중심으로 하는 국제카페리 항로시장의 정책수요를 조사, 분석하여 시장에서 활동하는 관련 선사와 정책당국에 대한 제언을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우리나라 국제카페리항로시장의 최근 상황변화를 관찰하고, 선행연구를 분석함은 물론 사전조사를 통해 구조화된 설문을 설계하고 광범위한 조사를 실시했다. 본 조사의 결과 전체적으로 국제카페리시장의 가장 중요한 현안은 안전문제에 있는 것으로 나타났다고 볼 수 있다. 표본에 포함된 관계자 집단 간의 인식에 격차가 나타났으나, 선사의 운항안전성 확보는 전체 표본에서 가장 중요한 요인이며, 안전운항에 대한 지원책 도입은 선사 표본의 가장 중요한 2계요인이었다. 이러한 결과로부터 세월호 사건이 본 조사에 큰 영향을 주었음을 알 수 있다. 향후 현안문제인 선박운항의 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 하드웨어인 선박의 안전성 제고와 소프트웨어인 선원의 근무여건 향상이 무엇보다 중요하다고 하겠다. Purpose : This research aims to make some advices for Korean car-ferry companies who play in international routes. Research design, data, methodology : For this purpose, we observed recent market transition in Korea-Japan and Korea-China car-ferry routes, and conducted AHP survey based on the former researches and pilot interviews. Results : As the result of AHP survey, the most important problem in north-east asian car-ferry market was safety of ship in general. Securing safety of ship was the most important factor in total sample, and supporting policy for safety management of car-ferry companies was the most important second tier factor in car-ferry company samples. Conclusions : From these results, we could aware that the disaster of M/V SEWOL had inflenced a lot to this research. And to secure the safety of voyage, we could conclude that sufficient efforts have to be made to improve safety management of ship as the hardware and to enhance seaman's working condition in car-ferry ship as the software.

양방향 카페리 추진축 1차 지지부 구조건전성 평가

강병모,오영철,배동균,고재용 한국항해항만학회 2013 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.추계

양방향차도선(CAR-FERRY)은 육지와 도서, 도서와 도서 간을 연결하는 교통수단 기능과 지속적인 해양관광객의 수요증가에 따른 해양관광 연계 연안여객 운송수단 역할을 하고 있다. 이에 따른 양방향 차도선은 이용의 편리성이 증대 되고 접안으로 인한 해양 사고를 줄일 수 있다. 양방향차도선은 등흘수(even) 상태로 프로펠러가 양쪽에 있기 때문에 프로펠러가 소직경 저회전으로 인하여 전진 운항 시에 반력에 의한 축계 및 프로펠러 파손 등이 발생할 수 있다. 이에 따른 엔진 출력, 선형, 비틀림 진동 등에 따른 감속기, 탄성커플링 선정, 횡진동 및 축계정렬(Shaft alignment)을 고려한 축계설계(베어링 수량, 폭, 간격)를 하여 선체의 추진축 1차 지지부의 구조에 대한 건전성을 평가하였다. Two-Way CAR-FERRY land and islands, islands to islands, the connection between sustainable marine transportation in conjunction with the increasing demand of tourists, according to the associated coastal maritime tourism and passenger transport has a role. Subsequent Two-Way CAR-FERRY and the increased ease of use due to berthing maritime accidents can be reduced. Two-Way CAR-FERRY as the draft (even) in the state on both sides of the propeller, because the propeller due to the small diameter, low speed forward flight by the reaction at the shaft and propeller damage can occur. Engine output accordingly, linear and torsional vibration reducer by, elastic coupling selection transverse vibration and shaft alignment (Shaft alignment) considering the shaft design (bearing size, width, thickness) and the primary drive shaft support portion of the hull structure of evaluated for quality.

한 · 중 FTA 체결에 따른 수도권항만 카페리선사의 발전방안

박성은(Park, Sung-Eun),안승범(Ahn, Seung-Bum) 한국항만경제학회 2018 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

중국이 경제대국으로의 성장한데 이어 한국의 제1위 교역국으로서 2015년 6월 1일 한 · 중 FTA 정식서명이 이루어짐에 따라 한·중간 교역 규모 증가가 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 한 · 중간 FTA 체결에 따라 더욱 증가할 수 있는 수출입 물동량과 한 · 중간 카페리 노선 활용도를 제고하고자 하였다. 따라서 현재 운항중인 카페리선사 및 컨테이너 정기선사를 이용 중인 화주 및 포워더를 대상으로 카페리선사의 발전전략이라는 목적을 전제 하에 두 개의 설문조사를 실시하였다. 먼저 한 · 중 카페리선사 및 정기선사를 이용하는 화주 및 포워더를 대상으로 선사 선택요인에 대한 중요도 우선순위를 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 카페리 및 정기선사 경쟁력 강화방안에 대한 선행연구를 분석하여 변수의 조작적 정의를 주요인은 신속성, 경제성 그리고 안전성으로 구분하고 다시 신속성에 관한 세부요인을 한 · 중 해상항로를 운항하는 선박 운항시간과, 항만에서 화물을 싣고 내리는 하역시간, 그리고 관세법에 따른 절차를 이행하여 물품을 수출, 수입, 반송하는 통관시간으로 구분하였고, 경제성 요인에 관한 세부요인은 수도권항만에서 중국으로 운항하는 해상운임부분과 항만에서 선박으로부터 화물을 싣고 내리는 하역비용, 그리고 항만 하역 후에 육상운송으로 화주에게 화물을 배송하는 내륙 연계 운임 비용으로 구분하였다. 마지막으로 안정성에 관한 세부요인으로는 카페리선과 정기선사 운항시 선박의 흔들림으로 인한 화물의 파손율과 화물의 흔들림을 최소화하기 위한 라싱(Lashing) 및 쇼어링(Shoring) 등의 고박장치 시설, 그리고 운행표를 미리 작성하여 이것에 따라 선박을 운항할 때 출발시간 및 도착시간이 스케줄에 따라 정해진 시간에 이루어지는가에 대한 운항의 정시성으로 세부요인을 구분하였다. 계층분석법(AHP)을 활용한 주요인에 대한 카페리 및 정기선사 선택요인의 중요도 우선순위 분석결과, 카페리 선사 물류서비스 이용자인 화주그룹은 신속성 0.549, 안정성 0.309, 경제성 0.142로, 항목간 중요도 차이가 크게 나타났으나, 물류서비스 공급자인 포워더그룹은 신속성 0.350, 안정성 0.348, 경제성 0.302로 중요도 차이가 크게 나타나지 않았다. 반면 정기선사를 이용하고 있는 화주 및 포워더 그룹은 카페리 선사를 이용하고 있는 그룹과 달리 경제성>안정성>신속성 순으로 중요하게 생각하고 있음을 알 수 있다. As China continues to evolve as a major economic power and the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the Republic of Korea and China was ratified on June 1, 2015, market volume between the two countries is expected to grow more rapidly. This study aims on improving the efficiency of car-ferry lines. We conducted two surveys- for shippers and forwarders of car-ferry companies, and container liners. The study analyzes the decision factors for delivery companies and their importance for shippers and forwarders of car-ferry companies and container liners. Based on analysis of prior studies on the competition for car-ferry companies and liners, three primary variables are selected- promptness, economics, and safety. The promptness variable consists of shipping time, loading/unloading time, and customs clearing time. The economic variable consists of marine transportation cost from a domestic harbor to China, loading/unloading cost in the harbor, and overland transport cost from the harbor to shippers inland. Finally, the safety variable consists of cargo damage rates, safety facilities, such as lashing and shoring, and punctuality of transportation time. The survey and AHP results show that the promptness, safety, and economics factors are 0.549, 0.309, and 0.142 in the shipper groups of car-ferry companies’ category, respectively. It indicates that there is considerable difference in the importance of each factor. In contrast, the factors are 0.350, 0.348, and 0.302 in the forwarders category, which suggests that there is little difference in each factor’s importance. As for shippers and forwarders of liners, the importance of each factor is found to be in the following order: economics, safety, and promptness.

한-중-일 카페리를 이용한 Korea Mini Land Bridge 복합운송의 잠재화물 연구 -인천항을 중심으로-

유주영 ( Ju Young Yoo ),김운수 ( Un Soo Kim ),한종길 ( Jong Khi Han ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2014 해운물류연구 Vol.30 No.2

천과 부산은 인접국가인 중국, 일본과 많은 카페리 네트워크가 형성되어 있으며 이를 활용하여 삼국 간 활발한 화물운송이 이루어지고 있다. 최근 중국-인천 간 카페리, 인천-부산 간 트럭, 부산-일본 간 카페리를 이용하여 중국 일본 간 수출입화물을 운송하는 Korea Mini Land Bridge 복합운송이 시행됨에 따라 본 연구는 이를 활성화 시키고자 수행되었다. 현재 제한적으로 운영되고 있는 Korea Mini Land Bridge 복합운송을 인천항을 중심으로 활성화시키기 위하여 현황을 분석하고 이를 통하여 잠재화물을 분석하고 대상지역 및 대상화물을 분석하였다. 대상지역과 대상화물을 도출하기 위하여 해당지역간 수출입품목 분석, 화물단가 분석, 품목별 운송특성분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 중국의 다롄, 단동, 웨이하이, 스다오, 칭다오 항로와 일본의 시모노세키, 후쿠오카 항로가 선정되었으며, 대상품목으로 대일본 수출 품목은 섬유 등 의류관련제품, 자동차관련부품, 수산물, 조제식품류 대일본 수입 품목은 섬유 등 의류관련제품, 고가 전자부품류, 기계, 강재류 등인 것으로 분석되었다. Recently, International hub ports of the world have been focusing on secure multimodal transportation system which linking the road, rail and air transportations and serving their shippers various transportation options. The Incheon Port which is a representative hub port of the Pan-Yellow Sea region maintains 10 car ferry routes to China. The other hub port of Korea, Busan port is the hub of Northeast Asian and has 3 car ferry routes to Japan. This Study suggests the possible way of developing the Korea Mini Land Bridge (KMLB) as a new model of Multimodal Transportation System of Korea?China- Japan``s sea and land transportation. Especially, for the Incheon port, a hub port of the Korea-China car-ferry networks, this paper proposes possible ways to activate and create potential cargo within KMLB not only for the Korean routes and also China-Japan routes. In order to fulfill this, this paper analyzed the trade items, cargo value between those countries, and figured out the characteristics of the car-ferry cargo. According to the result of its analysis, the routes for Dalian, Dandong, Weihai, Qinhuangdao, Qingdao, Shimonoseki, and Fukuoka were chosen.

Fuzzy-AHP를 활용한 한·중 카페리 피견인 트레일러 상호주행 시 장애요인에 관한 연구

성기덕,전준우,여기태 한국항해항만학회 2015 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.39 No.6

The purpose of this study was to analyze the weights of obstacle factors against mutual access of towed trailers of car-ferry between South Korea and China using Fuzzy-AHP. To this end, factors were first selected through literature research and finally selected through in-depth interviews with a group of experts in cargoes who are currently in car-ferry companies. Selected high rank obstacle factors included unstable service provision, limited policy support, and additional costs being incurred and among them, unstable service provision was identified as the most serious obstacle factor through analysis. Eleven measurement variables selected include insufficient supply of container yard, trailer insurance and management issues, insufficient special equipment, insufficient specialized manpower, limited input service courses, insufficient marketing and public relations strategies, and increasing transportation costs and among them, increasing equipment returning costs due to unbalanced cargo gathering were identified as the most serious obstacle factor through analysis followed by limited input service courses, insufficient special equipment, delays in procedures, and occurrence of additional procedures in order of precedence. 본 연구는 Fuzzy-AHP를 이용하여 한ㆍ중 카페리 피견인 트레일러 상호주행 시 장애요인의 가중치 분석을 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 문헌연구를 통해 1차적으로 요인을 선정한 후, 현 카페리업체에 종사 중인 화물 전문가집단과의 Indepth-Interview를 수행하여 요인을 최종 선정하였다. 선정된 상위 장애 요인은 불안정적 서비스 제공, 제한적 정책 지원, 추가 비용 발생이며, 이중 불안정적 서비스 제공이 가장 큰 장애요인으로 분석되었다. 선정된 측정변수 11가지 항목은 화물 장치장 공급 부족, 트레일러 보험 및 관리 문제, 특수장비 부족, 전문화된 인력부족, 투입 서비스 항로의 제한, 마케팅 홍보 전략의 부족, 수속 비용 증가 등이며, 이중 불균형 화물 집화에 따른 장비 회송 비용 증가가 가장 큰 장애 요인으로 분석되었으며, 서비스 항로의 제한, 특수장비 부족, 수속의 지연 및 추가 절차 발생이 그 뒤를 이었다.

카페리 운영통합에 따른 인천항의 효율적 운영방안에 관한 연구

조용준 ( Yongjun Cho ),이정욱 ( Jungwook Lee ),이향숙 ( Hyangsook Lee ) 한국로지스틱스학회 2020 로지스틱스연구 Vol.28 No.3

Currently, the international passenger terminal of the Port of Incheon is divided into the first and second passenger terminals, having separate management systems. 10 car-ferry routes between Korea and China are operated by 9 ocean carriers and 4 loading and unloading companies with individual contracts in the international passenger terminal. Individual contract causes the volume centralization and excessive competition for attracting freight volume, and needs enough workers for customs inspection. Therefore, in 2017, the government announced a plan to consolidate the two terminals for improving the competitiveness of the Port of Incheon. However, the integrated operation may cause additional inefficiencies due to the difference in the number of equipment, the contract unit cost and the diversity of handling items. Also, the farther the traffic route affects on-time performance and reliability for shippers and customers can be declined. This study understands the overall background and status of car-ferry business between Korea and China and identifies the operation plan after integration. AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis is used to analyze efficient operation strategies. This study contributes to the successful integration operation and port development in the future.

A Study on the Analysis of the Safety Management System of Korea-China Car Ferries

박영수,전해동,오용식,박상원 해양환경안전학회 2017 海洋環境安全學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

The purpose of this study is to keep the safety of the car ferry passengers and vessels by investigating and analyzing vessel safety management systems in Korea and China. To this end, we investigated Korea-China car ferries and the current status and causes of global marine accidents corresponding to the sizes of the vessels from Korea and China. Furthermore, we investigated car ferries’ crew management and safety management. As a result of the analysis of the ferry accident, the causes of human error and ship’s age were the greatest, but the ship’s companies showed a negative stance regarding the age restriction. It seems that it is necessary to utilize the near-miss accident reporting system and differentiate the management of ship’s aging. Also, it was analyzed that both the ship company and the crew of the ship need to strengthen their awareness of safety management.

A Study on the Analysis of the Safety Management System of Korea-China Car Ferries

Park, Young-Soo,Jeon, Hea-Dong,Oh, Yong-Sik,Park, Sang-Won The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safet 2017 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.23 No.3

The purpose of this study is to keep the safety of the car ferry passengers and vessels by investigating and analyzing vessel safety management systems in Korea and China. To this end, we investigated Korea-China car ferries and the current status and causes of global marine accidents corresponding to the sizes of the vessels from Korea and China. Furthermore, we investigated car ferries' crew management and safety management. As a result of the analysis of the ferry accident, the causes of human error and ship's age were the greatest, but the ship's companies showed a negative stance regarding the age restriction. It seems that it is necessary to utilize the near-miss accident reporting system and differentiate the management of ship's aging. Also, it was analyzed that both the ship company and the crew of the ship need to strengthen their awareness of safety management.

A Study on the Analysis of the Safety Management System of Korea-China Car Ferries

Young-Soo Park,Hea-Dong Jeon,Yong-Sik Oh,Sang-Won Park 해양환경안전학회 2017 海洋環境安全學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

The purpose of this study is to keep the safety of the car ferry passengers and vessels by investigating and analyzing vessel safety management systems in Korea and China. To this end, we investigated Korea-China car ferries and the current status and causes of global marine accidents corresponding to the sizes of the vessels from Korea and China. Furthermore, we investigated car ferries’ crew management and safety management. As a result of the analysis of the ferry accident, the causes of human error and ship’s age were the greatest, but the ship’s companies showed a negative stance regarding the age restriction. It seems that it is necessary to utilize the near-miss accident reporting system and differentiate the management of ship’s aging. Also, it was analyzed that both the ship company and the crew of the ship need to strengthen their awareness of safety management.