질적메타합성 방법론 탐색과 특수교육 연구에서의 시사점

송만호 국립특수교육원 2022 특수교육연구 Vol.29 No.3

Qualitative meta synthesis is a research method for systematically synthesizing the results of qualitative research, and its value and awareness are increasing recently. Furthermore, Qualitative meta synthesis methodology has also developed a lot, and various methodologies have been developed. However, in the field of special education, research on qualitative meta synthesis is not being tried in earnest. This study conducted a theoretical study on the concept and characteristics of each methodology and the specific implementation process, focusing on the main methodologies of qualitative meta synthesis. In order to achieve this research purpose, literature research was conducted focusing on peer-reviewed studies related to qualitative meta synthesis and related books. As a result, the concepts, characteristics, specific research procedures and synthesis strategies of Meta ethnography, Critical interpretive synthesis, Grounded theory synthesis, Thematic synthesis and Meta study which is the main methodologies of qualitative meta synthesis, were reviewed. Based on these research results, similarities and differences in each methodology of qualitative meta synthesis were discussed. In addition, implications were suggested by discussing the applicability and necessity in special education research.

질적 메타분석에 대환 고찰: 교육과정 연구에서의 적용 가능성 탐색

나장함 ( Jang Ham Na ) 한국교육과정학회 2008 교육과정연구 Vol.26 No.4

Research synthesis is built on the reflection that individual studies are limited in generalizablity of the knowledge they produce. The findings of a single study are vulnerably influenced by the characteristic of sampling, the context of research setting, and the amount of time allowed for completing the study. As a result, the limitation of a single study is evident in that it can hardly provide a generalizable and definitive finding to a research question. Qualitative meta-synthesis refers to the theories, grand narratives, generalizations, or interpretive translations produced from the integration and comparison of findings from qualitative studies. Although variations among different research synthesis methods are diverse form one to another(in terms of their philosophical assumptions, methodological procedures, and analytical strategies), all methods of research synthesis attempt to go beyond the limitations of single studies and to identify the consistence and dissonance in similar studies. This paper provides an overview and critique of research synthesis methods such as traditional narrative review, meta-analysis, best evidence synthesis, and qualitative meta synthesis. This study also explores methodological and practical issues entangled with practicing qualitative meta synthesis in Korean educational context. This paper conclude with suggestions that may facilitate the process of applying qualitative meta synthesis, thereby expecting to generate an accumulative knowledge and a new insight from this synthesizing method.

장애인의 직업 경험에 관한 질적 메타분석 : 질적 메타분석의 적용과 이슈를 중심으로

나장함 한국장애인고용촉진공단 2008 장애와 고용 Vol.18 No.2

개별 연구물에 대한 종합적인 분석은 기존 연구물들이 제시하는 결과로부터 축적된 지식과 보다 확정적인 결론을 도출할 수 있게 한다. 그러나 이러한 연구 종합·분석의 중요성에도 불구하고 우리의 교육연구 맥락에서 연구 종합·분석의 방법론들 전반에 대한 논의는 거의 없었던 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 논문은 연구 종합·분석의 고전적인 방법, 양적 연구의 전통을 따르는 메타분석 방법의 특성 및 제약 등을 간략하게 살펴본다. 그리고 질적 연구의 전통을 따르는 연구 종합·분석 방법의 특성, 과정, 장·단점 등을 논의함으로써 질적 연구 종합·분석에 대한 이해를 확대하고자 한다. 또한, 본 논문에서는"장애인 직업 교육 및 직업 유지"에 관한 개별 질적 연구들을 대상으로 질적 메타분석을 실행하여 서구적 맥락에서 소개된 질적 메타분석의 실행 과정에서 야기될 수 있는 실질적인 문제점들과 이슈들을 탐색하고 이를 어떻게 다룰 것인가를 논의하였다. 아울러, 질적 메타분석의 사례는"성찰적 자존감"이라는 관련 개념을 중심으로 관련 연구물의 결과를 종합·분석하였다. The findings of a single study are vulnerably influenced by the characteristic of sampling, the context of research setting, and the amount of time allowed for completing the study. As a result, the limitation of a single study is evident in that it can hardly provide a generalizable and definitive finding to a research question. In Western context, various types of research synthesis methods have been designed to address this problem. Although variations among different research synthesis methods are diverse form one to another(in terms of their philosophical assumptions, methodological procedures, and analytical strategies), all methods of research synthesis attempt to go beyond the limitations of single studies and to identify the consistence and dissonance in similar studies. In Korean context, however, these methods have not been publically discussed among researchers, and there has been almost no research addressing methodological and practical issues which arise from the application of research synthesis. This paper provides an overview and critique of research synthesis methods such as traditional narrative review, meta-analysis, and qualitative meta synthesis. This study also explores methodological issues in synthesizing qualitative studies on training and workplace Experiences of individuals with disabilities and practical issues entangled with practicing qualitative meta synthesis in Korean educational context. This paper conclude with suggestions that may facilitate the process of applying qualitative meta synthesis, thereby expecting to generate an accumulative knowledge and a new insight from this synthesizing method.

Synthesizing Qualitative Studies in Translation and Interpreting with Meta-ethnography: A Case Study

최은아 인문사회 21 2018 인문사회 21 Vol.9 No.6

With the rising academic interest in qualitative research, there has been a growing need to synthesize and analyze the results of existing qualitative studies. In the domestic field of translation and interpreting (T&I) studies, however, there have been few efforts to synthesize qualitative studies or to discuss methodologies for knowledge synthesis. This paper aims to investigate meta-ethnography as a method of qualitative meta-synthesis and examine how it can be applied to T&I research. The study introduces meta-ethnography as a method of knowledge synthesis and provides a worked example of how four selected studies can be synthesized using meta-ethnography following examples of existing literature (Britten et al., 2002). The author concludes that meta-ethnography can be applied to synthesize qualitative T&I studies, discusses lessons learnt, and makes recommendations for future application.

Methodological Issues and Challenges in Data Collection and Analysis of Qualitative Meta-Synthesis

Yu Xu 한국간호과학회 2008 Asian Nursing Research Vol.2 No.3

Qualitative meta-synthesis is an emerging method for synthesis of findings of qualitative studies. Based on a qualitative meta-synthesis study on the lived experiences of immigrant Asian nurses working in Western countries (Xu, 2007), this paper discusses several methodological issues and challenges encountered during the data collection and analysis processes and strategies used to resolve them. These issues and challenges include, but are not limited to: adequacy of qualifying studies and inclusion criteria; availability and accessibility of qualified studies; publication bias; quality versus quantity of primary studies; studies containing both quantitative and qualitative data; studies based on identical samples; separation of relevant data for analysis; and validity of synthesis findings. The strategies used (or desired) to resolve these issues and challenges were illustrated with exemplars from the published meta-synthesis study. This paper argues and concludes that: (a) the quality of qualified available studies is more essential for a qualitative meta-synthesis study and the quality versus quantity issue must be dealt with in context and perspective; (b) creativity and flexibility consistent with the principles and spirit of qualitative inquiry is required in resolving these issues; and (c) working within multiple constraints, the meta-synthesist frequently has to settle with less than ideal solutions during the research process in the real world. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(3):173–183] Qualitative meta-synthesis is an emerging method for synthesis of findings of qualitative studies. Based on a qualitative meta-synthesis study on the lived experiences of immigrant Asian nurses working in Western countries (Xu, 2007), this paper discusses several methodological issues and challenges encountered during the data collection and analysis processes and strategies used to resolve them. These issues and challenges include, but are not limited to: adequacy of qualifying studies and inclusion criteria; availability and accessibility of qualified studies; publication bias; quality versus quantity of primary studies; studies containing both quantitative and qualitative data; studies based on identical samples; separation of relevant data for analysis; and validity of synthesis findings. The strategies used (or desired) to resolve these issues and challenges were illustrated with exemplars from the published meta-synthesis study. This paper argues and concludes that: (a) the quality of qualified available studies is more essential for a qualitative meta-synthesis study and the quality versus quantity issue must be dealt with in context and perspective; (b) creativity and flexibility consistent with the principles and spirit of qualitative inquiry is required in resolving these issues; and (c) working within multiple constraints, the meta-synthesist frequently has to settle with less than ideal solutions during the research process in the real world. [Asian Nursing Research 2008;2(3):173–183]

어린이의 장소 경험 연구에 관한 질적 메타분석

조수진 학습자중심교과교육학회 2019 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.19 No.7

The aim of this study is to conduct a qualitative meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on children's place experiences for a more comprehensive understanding about children's geographical life. Qualitative meta-synthesis is a systematic approach to analyzing qualitative studies in a comprehensive manner by integrating data across multiple studies. This approach is worth applying to studies on children's place experiences because most studies on children's place experiences adopt qualitative research methods and synthesizing them allows extended understanding of relevant phenomena. To achieve the goal of this study, a literature search was conducted using keywords related to children's place experiences. Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of eight studies were selected for the meta-synthesis. As a result of conducting a qualitative meta-synthesis of the selected studies, four concepts that characterize children's place experiences were derived; multi-sensibility, territoriality, place dependency and generability. The meta-synthesis also produced the concepts of peer relationship and independent mobility as factors promoting children's place experiences. In conclusion, this study recommends that elementary geography education move toward learner-centered education by proactively reflecting the achievements of these children's geography studies. 본 연구는 어린이의 지리적 삶에 대한 보다 종합적인 이해를 위하여 어린이의 장소 경험에 관한 질적 연구물을 대상으로 질적 메타분석을 실시하였다. 질적 메타분석이란 질적 연구물들을 통합하여 종합적으로 분석하는 것으로, 어린이의 장소 경험에 관한 연구들이 대부분 질적 연구방법을 활용하고 있으며 이를 종합함으로써 현상에 대한 확장적 이해가 가능하다는 점에서 적용 가치가 있다. 이를 위해 어린이의 장소 경험과 관련되는 키워드로 연구물을 검색하고 포함, 배제 준거를 적용하여 최종 8편의 연구물을 분석 대상으로 삼았다. 이에 대한 질적 메타분석 결과, 어린이의 장소 경험의 성격으로 다감각성, 영역성, 장소 의존성, 생성성이라는 개념을 도출하였으며 어린이의 장소 경험을 촉진하는 요소로 또래 관계와 독립적 모빌리티라는 개념을 도출하였다. 이러한 어린이 지리 연구 성과를 더욱 적극적으로 반영하여 학습자 중심의 초등지리교육을 지향해야 할 것이다.

니트 청년의 고립과 연결의 뒤섞임 경험에 관한 질적 해석적 메타합성

김서현 세명대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2023 人文 社會科學硏究 Vol.31 No.4

· Research topics: This study explores the holistic meaning of NEETs’ churning experiences of isolation and connection. It covers and synthesizes the results of existing studies conducted with qualitative research methods to deeply understand the characteristics and circumstances of the persons in question. · Research background: The need for support for NEETs who have been inactive or unemployed for the long term, concerning job search, education, and training, has emerged significantly due to the recent economic conditions and rapid changes in the labor environment; however, there is still a lack of clear understanding of their actual situation and customized approaches. · Differences from prior research: This research presents differentiated results in that it comprehensively reveals the actual context of the persons directly concerned based on qualitative meta-synthesis to collect, organize, and integrate the meanings of NEETs’ churning experiences of isolation and connection, and opens up a new level of knowledge by reconstructing and reinterpreting existing qualitative studies according to the hermeneutic circulation process. · Research method: The analysis was conducted employing the qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis proposed by Aguirre and Bolton (2014) as a way of integrating and synthesizing qualitative research in the social welfare field. A total of eight qualitative studies (111 participants) were analyzed, which discussed the churning experiences of isolation and connection among NEETs. · Research results: This study found a total of 12 subcategories and 4 upper categories. Especially, the upper categories were ‘The path of young adult development entered differently from others,’ ‘Insignificant daily life,’ ‘fragmented shadows without a decent role,’ ‘A hand trying to lift me up when I flounder without wings,’ and ‘Still hesitant but carefully unfolding crumpled me.’ In the end, the central topic extracted was ‘A puzzle of life that is slowly being put together with sparse debris in a tangle of hopelessness and hope.’ · Contribution points and expected effects: This study has contributed to a comprehensive understanding of the lives and adaptations of NEETs, and it is expected that discussions at the level of identifying the characteristics and social needs of this population and expanding support for quality of life will become more active based on the research results.

청소년양육미혼모의 삶의 경험 - 질적해석적메타통합 적용 -

권정미 한국사회복지질적연구학회 2016 한국사회복지질적연구 Vol.10 No.2

This study aims to probe the experiences of young single mothers’ lives in pregnancy, childbirth, and parenting. To do this, this study applied Qualitative Interpretive Meta Synthesis(referred to as QIMS) to choose sixteen qualitative researches since 2000 which a qualitative research about single mothers has been started. From the chosen 16 qualitative researches, a synergistic understanding was achieved by process of theme extraction and synthesis of the themes. The synergistic understanding is that young women who live with becoming pregnant, giving birth to, and then choosing to raise babies go through ‘lived experiences’, establish ‘changes and fulfillments’, do ‘resistances and needs for society’, and move on ‘to the future with their babies’. This synergistic understanding drew policyㆍpractice implications for young single mothers. 본 연구는 청소년양육미혼모들이 임신과 출산 후 양육을 하면서 겪어온 삶의 경험을 심층적으로 탐색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 질적해석적메타통합(Qualitative Interpretive Meta Synthesis, 이하 QIMS라 칭함)을 적용하여 미혼모에 대한 질적연구가 시작된 2000년부터 지금까지 진행된 질적연구물 총 16편을 취합하였다. 16편의 질적연구물들로부터 주제추출과 주제통합의 과정을 거쳐 청소년양육미혼모의 삶의 경험에 대한 시너지적인 이해(synergistic understanding)가 달성되었다. 그것은 ‘청소년이 임신, 출산 후 양육을 선택하면서 온 몸으로 살아낸 경험(lived experiences)을 통해 변화와 성취(changes & fulfillments)를 이루고 사회에 대한 저항과 요구(resistances & needs for society)를 하면서 아이와 함께 미래로(to the future with babies) 나아가다’이다. 이러한 시너지적인 이해의 과정에서 청소년양육미혼모를 위한 정책적ㆍ실천적 함의를 도출하였다.

영 케어러의 가족돌봄 경험 : 질적 해석적 메타통합(QIMS) 적용

길태영 한국국회학회 2023 한국과 세계 Vol.5 No.6

본 연구는 영 케어러의 가족돌봄 경험을 보다 새롭고 깊이 있게 탐색하기 위한 목적으로 질적 해석적 메타통합 방법(QIMS, Qualitative Inter- pretive Meta Synthesis)을 적용하였다. QIMS는 최근 사회과학분야에서 새롭게 소개된 질적 연구방법으로, 개별 질적연구의 저자와 참가자들이 설명하는 무결성과 본질을 유지하면서 질적 연구결과를 통합, 종합, 해석하기 위한 체계적인 접근방식이다. QIMS의 시너지적 이해경로를 통해 도출된 풍성한 결과는 질적 연구가 갖는 한계를 극복할 수 있다. 2022년 10월부터 2023년 6월까지 국내에서 발표된 7편의 질적 논문을 최종분석에 포함하였고, 총 52명의 영 케어러가 진술한 내용을 시너지적 이해로 분석하였다. 자료범위 축소와 주제 추출 및 통합의 반복과정을 통해 새롭고 의미 있게 생성된 중요주제는 (1) 가족돌봄 상황 전개, (2) 돌봄 노동, 고단한 삶과의 직면, (3) 세상 속 돌봄 상황 가운데 나의 대응노력과 변화들, (4) 새롭게 발견한 돌봄의 의미, 그리고 성장 총 4개의 범주로 구분하였다. QIMS 분석방법으로 도출해낸 결과를 바탕으로 영 케어러에 대한 실천 및 정책방안을 모색하였다. This study applied the Qualitative Interpretive Meta-synthesis Method (QIMS) for the purpose of exploring young career's family caring experience in a new and deeper way. QIMS is a systematic approach to integrating, synthesizing, and interpreting the results of qualitative research while maintaining the integrity and essence that the authors and participants of individual qualitative research explain. The results derived through the synergistic understanding path of QIMS can overcome the limitations of qualitative research. Seven qualitative papers published in Korea from October 2022 to June 2023 were included in the final analysis, and the contents of 52 young career statements were analyzed with synergistic understanding. Important themes newly and meaningfully created through the process of reducing the scope of data and extracting and integrating themes were divided into four categories: (1) development of family caring situation, (2) caring labor, facing a hard life, (3) my efforts and changes in caring situations, (4) meaning of newly discovered caring, and growth. Based on the results derived from the QIMS analysis method, practice and policy measures for young carers were explored.

가정외보호 퇴소청소년의 자립에 관한 질적 메타분석

이정애(Lee, Jung ae),김시아(Kim, Si ah),김지선(Kim, Ji sun),정익중(Chung, Ick joong) 한국아동복지학회 2019 한국아동복지학 Vol.- No.65

본 연구는 국내 가정외보호 퇴소청소년의 자립에 관한 질적 메타분석(qualitative meta-synthesis)의 첫 번째 시도로서, 이들의 자립경험을 종합적이고 총체적으로 이해하고자 하였다. 분석대상은 2007년부터 2018년까지 국내에서 발간된 학술지 및 박사학위 논문의 질적연구 15편이고, 지금까지 체계적으로 통합되지 않았던 가정외보호 퇴소청소년의 자립경험에 관해 범주를 나누어 살펴 보았다. 연구절차에 따라 각 연구의 결과를 분석하여 종합하였고, 질적 메타분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 가정외보호 퇴소청소년들은 자립과정에서 홀로서기를 시도하면서 개인과 이들을 둘러싼 환경에 영향을 받고 있었다. 이들의 자립경험은 개인과 환경 차원에서 6개의 영역이 도출되었다. 개인 차원은 심리, 생활, 진로 영역으로 나누었고, 환경 차원은 관계, 자원, 인식 영역으로 나눌 수 있었다. 각 영역에서 내용을 부정-긍정 경험으로 대비할 수 있었고, 이를 통해 ‘암(暗)과 명(明): 긴 터널 속 멀리 보이는 빛 한 줄기’라는 종합주제를 도출하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 가정외보호 퇴소청소년들의 자립경험이 암(暗)에서 명(明)으로 나아갈 수 있도록 사회복지 정책적·실천적 함의를 제안하였다. The purpose of this study was to understand independent living experiences of youth discharged from out-of-home care with an integrated and total point of view. This study is the first attempt of qualitative meta-synthesis in Korea. This study analyzed 15 qualitative research studies from journal articles and doctoral dissertations published in Korea from 2007 to 2018, and categorized them according to the independent living experiences of youth discharged from out-of-home care, which have not been systematically organized. The results of each study were analyzed and pulled together according to the research process, and the results were as follows. Youth discharged from out-of-home care, trying to stand alone in their independent living, were affected by individual and environmental factors. The independent living experiences of these youth were divided into individual and environmental domains with six subcategories. Individual domain was divided into psychology, living, and career, and environmental domain was divided into relationships, resources, and awareness. Each subcategory was categorized into negative and positive experiences. The main theme was, “dark and light: a gleam of light seen in a long tunnel.”. Based on the results, this study proposed social welfare policy and practice implications for youth discharged from out-of-home care in order to improve their conditions from darkness to light for independent living.