예배 및 선교요인이 교회사회복지 참여성에 미치는 영향에 대한 영성의 매개효과

조운희(Woon-Hee Cho) 연세대학교 신과대학(연합신학대학원) 2010 신학논단 Vol.60 No.-

??This work is about the questionnaire with 304 christians in Gyeung-buk region about worship, mission and church social work. Following is the result of the how Mediating Effect of spirituality affect the influence of worship and mission between church social work.<br/> ??FIrst, church social work seems more positive as the recognition of worship, mission and the spirituality is higher in that there are big relation between worship, mission, spiritualiry and church social work in the ratio of about .538-.712 and also there is positive relation.<br/> ??Secondly, it seems that there is the perfect mediating effect between the worship element of independent fluent and the church social work of slavery fluent when the spirituality element of mediating fluent is put by the procedure brought up by Baron & Kenny(1986).<br/> ??Thirdly, mediating effect of spirituality about mission element's influence to the church social work also has the perfect mediating effect. And the mediating effect significance is statistically worth at the rate of p <. 05. Spirituality element's mediating effects has 63.50% of indirect effect and 34.7% of direct effect on church social work.<br/> ??Thus, because enforcing spirituality through the worship or enforcing spirituality for the missions play a vital mediating role in social welfare work of church, it is primarily requested that the effort of the practical and various study and adaption is needed to enforce the spirituality of christians. ??This work is about the questionnaire with 304 christians in Gyeung-buk region about worship, mission and church social work. Following is the result of the how Mediating Effect of spirituality affect the influence of worship and mission between church social work.<br/> ??FIrst, church social work seems more positive as the recognition of worship, mission and the spirituality is higher in that there are big relation between worship, mission, spiritualiry and church social work in the ratio of about .538-.712 and also there is positive relation.<br/> ??Secondly, it seems that there is the perfect mediating effect between the worship element of independent fluent and the church social work of slavery fluent when the spirituality element of mediating fluent is put by the procedure brought up by Baron & Kenny(1986).<br/> ??Thirdly, mediating effect of spirituality about mission element's influence to the church social work also has the perfect mediating effect. And the mediating effect significance is statistically worth at the rate of p <. 05. Spirituality element's mediating effects has 63.50% of indirect effect and 34.7% of direct effect on church social work.<br/> ??Thus, because enforcing spirituality through the worship or enforcing spirituality for the missions play a vital mediating role in social welfare work of church, it is primarily requested that the effort of the practical and various study and adaption is needed to enforce the spirituality of christians.

학령전환기 아동의 사회적 유능감이 행복감에 미치는 영향 : 학교적응의 매개효과 중심으로

김경화 ( Kim¸ Kyunghwa ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2020 교육문화연구 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구는 학령 전환기 아동이 새로운 환경에 적응하는 것이 중요하다는 점을 반영하여 사회적 유능감이 학교적응을 매개로 행복감에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 특히, 학교는 유아학교에서 초등 교육기관으로 전환 되었다는 점에서 중요한 변수 이므로 학교적응 전체뿐만 아니라 하위 요인별로 매개효과를 검증 하였다. 연구방법으로는 육아정책연구소의 한국아동페널 7차년도(2014년)와 8차년도(2015년) 데이터를 사용하였다. 변인과 관련하여 결측값이 발생한 데이터를 제거하여 총 866명의 응답 자료를 바탕으로 Hayes(2018)가 제안한 PROCESS macro의 model 4번을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 간접효과는 부스트랩 샘플을 5,000개로 지정하여 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학교적응은 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 둘째, 학교생활적응은 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 학업수행적응은 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 넷째, 또래관계는 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 다섯째, 교사관계는 유아기의 사회적 유능감이 아동의 행복감에 영향을 미치는데 있어 매개효과 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이때 매개효과는 부분매개로 나타났다. 이는 유아기 사회적 유능감이 높을수록 아동의 학교적응과 행복감이 높아질 수 있음을 알 수 있다. This study analyzed the effect of social competence on happiness through the mediating effect of school adaptation, reflecting the importance of adapting to a new environment during the transitional period of school age. Especially, since school is an important variable in that it transitioned from a childhood school to an elementary education institution, the mediating effect was verified not only for the overall school adaptation but also for each sub-variant. As for the research method, Korean Institute of dhild care and education's Korean Children's Panel data from the 7th year(2014) and 8th year(2015) were used. After removing data with missing values related to the variables, The data was analyzed using model 4 of the process macro proposed by Hayes(2018) based on a total of 866 responses. Indirect effects were analyzed with 5,000 bootstrap samples. The findings are as follows. First, school adaptation shows social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. Second, school life adaptation does not show early childhood’s social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. Third, academic performance adaptation shows that early childhood’s social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. Fourth, peer adaptation shows social competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. Fifth, teacher adaptation shows early childhood's competence has a mediating effect on child’s happiness. The mediating effect is partial mediation. This study shows that the higher the early childhood’s social competence, the higher child’s school adaptation and happiness.

부모의 긍정적·부정적 양육태도가 아동의 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향:행복감 및 사회적 위축의 매개효과

허은(Heo Eun) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2021 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.21 No.21

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of parents’ positive·negative parenting attitudes on children s life satisfaction, and to examine the mediating effects of children s feelings of happiness and social withdrawal. Methods For this purpose, data from the 2018 1st year data of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey conducted by the Korea Youth Policy Institute was used, model fit was verified using SPSS 26 and AMOS 26, and bootstrap was performed to verify the mediating effect. The subjects of this study were 2,567 children in 4th grade of elementary school. Results First, the positive parenting attitude of the parents had a significant effect on children s life satisfaction. On the other hand, the negative parenting attitude of parents did not have a significant effect on children s life satisfaction. Second, the happiness of children showed a partial mediating effect between parents’ positive parenting attitude and children s life satisfaction, and there was a complete mediating effect between negative parenting attitude and life satisfaction. Third, children’s social withdrawal did not show a mediating effect between parents’ positive parenting attitude and children’s life satisfaction, but there was a complete mediating effect between negative parenting attitude and life satisfaction. Conclusions The results of this study suggest practical implications for the development of various policies and programs in the future so that children can improve their sense of well-being and reduce their sense of social withdrawal. 목적 본 연구는 부모의 긍정적·부정적 양육태도가 아동의 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하고 아동의 행복감 및 사회적 위축의 매개효과를 검정하는 것이다. 방법 이를 위하여 한국청소년정책연구원에서 실시한 한국·아동청소년패널조사 2018 1차 년도 자료를 SPSS 26과 AMOS 26을 이용하여 모형적합도 검증과 매개효과 검증을 위한 부트스트랩핑을 실시하였다. 연구대상은 초등학교 4학년 2,567명(남아 1,296명, 여아 1,271명)이다. 결과 첫째, 부모의 긍정적 양육태도는 아동의 삶의 만족도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 반면, 부모의 부정적 양육태도는 아동의 삶의 만족도에 유의한 영향을 나타내지 않았다. 둘째, 아동의 행복감은 부모의 긍정적 양육태도와 삶의 만족도 사이에서 부분매개효과를 나타냈으며, 부정적 양육태도와 삶의 만족도 사이에서는 완전매개효과를 나타냈다. 셋째, 아동의 사회적 위축은 부모의 긍정적 양육태도와 삶의 만족도 사이에서는 매개효과를 보이지 않았으나, 부정적 양육태도와 삶의 만족도 사이에서는 완전매개효과를 나타냈다. 결론 아동의 행복감을 향상시키고 사회적 위축감을 감소시킬 수 있도록 향후 다양한 정책 마련과 프로그램 개발 등에 대한 실천적 함의를 시사한다.

THE EFFECT OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITY CODEPENDENCY ON VIRTUAL COMMUNITY ADDICTION: EXPLORING THE MEDIATION EFFECTS

Long-Chuan Lu,Ching-Tzu Tsai 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Introduction Virtual communities have changed lifestyles and interpersonal relations, creating an internet community culture. They are a primary medium of emotional contact with others. American psychologist estimated that more than 350 million people have Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) (Hong et al., 2014; SickFacebook.com, 2010), some kind of virtual community addiction (VCA). An average of 728 million people use Facebook every day, and users spend much time on Facebook (Hong et al., 2014). 80.24% of university students think that Facebook is an important element of social culture (Thompson & Lougheed, 2012). VCA has been explored in psychology in the past. This study adds three psychological dimensions and sense of virtual community when investigating the antecedents of VCA. The results of this study may direct public attention to VCA and help develop guidelines for online marketing and operation of virtual communities. Literature review and hypotheses development Virtual community addiction (VCA) Many people are not aware of addictive in virtual community. While some addictive behaviors are considered mental disorders, an increasing number of studies has found potentially addictive behavior involving computers and the internet (Andreassen et al., 2012), including video game addiction (Fisher, 1994), Internet addiction (Beard, 2005), mobile phone addiction (Choliz, 2010), and online addiction (Griffiths, 2012). The definition of Internet addiction remains controversial. This study defines VCA as a tendency that users forced to use and even can not control not to use for the virtual communities. Virtual community codependency (VCC) Although codependency lacks a clear definition, there are only two perspectives on codependency that are relevant to this study. First, codependency is a learned helplessness, resulting in individuals who cannot create or participate in interpersonal relationships in the future (O’Gorman, 1993). Second, codependency is a pattern of dysfunction in interpersonal relationships. According to the social compensation theory, if people feel insecurity and negative social identity in real life interpersonal networks, they may spend more time using virtual communities as compensation. Therefore, we hypothesize: H1. Virtual community codependency (VCC) positively influences virtual community addiction (VAC). Sense of virtual community (SVC) Blanchard (2007) defined the SVC as members feel membership, a sense of belonging and attachment to the group through electronic communication. Abfalter et al. (2012) defined the SVC as members having a sense of ‘spirit of belonging together’ in a virtual community. Members are interacting more, making them develop close relationships that lead to a stronger bond (Abfalter et al., 2012; Chavis et al., 1986; Obst et al., 2002). Facebook is widely used in the virtual community, regardless of the number and use of the degree has been increasing. Thus, we conclude that high VCC will need individuals to have a desire to derive compensation from the virtual community that cannot be achieved in the real world. If people in this community have similar needs, priorities, and goals, increasing the use of Facebook will lead to an increase in VCA. We propose the following hypothesis: H2. The relationship between the Virtual Community Codependency (VCC) and Virtual Community Addiction (VAC) is mediated by the Sense of Virtual Community (SVC). Behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral approach system (BAS) Gray (1982) proposed the most widely applied pair of systems controlling behavioral activity, the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral approach system (BAS). These are intrinsic motivation systems in charge of desire and disgust (Carver & White, 1994). They are used to measure the sensitivity of individuals to punishment avoidance and to reward acquisition. When the sensitivity of an individual toward penalty/reward is higher, their response to a stimulus is greater (Linden et al., 2007). Studies also show that Internet addiction and BIS are related (Yen et al, 2009). Thus, we conclude that high VCC will be stimulated by BIS when there is an accident or a novel experience, and negative emotional reactions will seek to be resolved in the virtual world. Hence, Facebook users will to escape from the real environment to the virtual world, so as to addict on the virtual community. This leads to the following hypothesis: H3. The direct relationship between the Virtual Community Codependency (VCC) and Virtual Community Addiction (VAC) is mediated by the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS). BAS is based on motivations for an individual to pursue and achieve goals. BAS is more active and more sensitive to external reward clues, leading to stimulated sensory seeking behavior (Beauchaine et al., 2001). If the incentive clues appear, individuals who have high BAS are more prone to short positive emotions and approaching behavior individuals with low BAS. Thus, we speculate that high VCC will be stimulated by BAS when there is reward responsiveness or when driven in pursuit of goals in the virtual community. It will also make it more likely to engage in fun seeking in virtual communities. Thus, Facebook users deeply trapped in the virtual environment by BAS stimulation and fail to pull themselves out. Therefore, we hypothesize: H4. The direct relationship between Virtual Community Codependency (VCC) and Virtual Community Addiction (VAC) is mediated by the Behavioral Approach System (BAS). Methodology Survey development and measurement We adapted a number of scales (Abfalter et al., 2012; Andreassen et al., 2012; Carver & White, 1994; Fischer et al., 1991) and compiled a 55 item self-report scale questionnaire. Following the procedure recommended by Churchill (1979), we pre-tested the scale on 30 college students to determine the reliability and validity of the constructs. Based on the feedback, we refined the measures and ensured that all of the questionnaire items were applicable to our research. Finally, 53 valid items were retained in the formal questionnaire. Data collection and sample profile We used a web-based survey to collected data from the Youthwant survey platform in Taiwan. This was a more effective way to search for respondents for this study. The formal questionnaires were free to answer by members of the network platform. The participants were told of the survey’s importance to trigger participant’s interest, and give a 10 bonus points as reward. A total of 224 questionnaires were returned, 3 invalid and 221 effective. Respondents were evenly distributed across various ages between 18 and 50 years. The majority of respondents were female (60.2%) and only about 23.1% were students. Most respondents had completed university education (60.6%). 93.6% had been used Facebook for more than one year, with 63.3% having over four years of membership. 70.6% use Facebook more than once a day and for 82.8%, daily usage is at least a half hour, while 71.0% exceed a half an hour each time they use Facebook. This shows that of all respondents were long-term users. Results The total effects are determined by testing the direct impact of VCC on VCA without the mediator constructs. The results (see Table 1) show a significant relationship between VCC and VCA (β11 = 0.572, p < 0.001), supporting H1 (VCC positively affects VAC). The mediating effect is slight but statistically significant. 0.096 of the indirect effect is the result of the effect of VCC on SVC, which in turn influences VCA. The direct relationship between the VCC and VCA is significant as mediated by the SVC. Thus, H2 was supported. The mediating effect involves testing the direct relationship between the VCC and VCA mediated by the BIS. The results show a significant relationship between VCC and VCA (β13 = 0.488, p<0.001). VCC positively and significantly affects BIS (β12 = 0.493, p < 0.001). The effect of BIS on VCA is also positively significant (β23 = 0.169, p <0.05). This was confirmed by the evaluation of the structural model results. The direct effect is 0.488 (t = 5.661, p < 0.001) and the indirect effect is 0.083 (0.493 ? 0.169= 0.083) which is significant (z = 2.039, p < 0.05) by Sobel test. Thus, the direct relationship between the VCC and VCA is slightly mediated by BIS. H3 was supported. The VAF of the model is 33.70% (0.193 / (0.380 + 0.193) ? 100%). In this situation, a VAF larger than 20% and less than 80% can be characterized as partial mediation (Hair et al., 2014). The ?2 effect size is 0.117, showing that BAS has medium effects on VCA. Thus, H4 was supported. Discussion This study is a step by step quantification of how changes in virtual community codependency (VCC) are related to changes in virtual community addiction (VCA) directly and indirectly through one or more mediators. First, the results show a strong relationship between virtual community codependency (VCC) and virtual community addiction (VCA). Furthermore, we cannot deny that the sense of virtual community (SVC) has a small mediating effect on the direct relationship between virtual community codependency (VCC) and virtual community addiction (VCA). The increased use of Facebook when there is a sense of the ‘spirit of belonging together’ can lead to increased tendency to virtual community addiction (VCA). The results are supported by Fischer et al. (1991) and Hong et al., (2014). Limitations and future research directions There are limitations in this study. First, this study does not have a large sample. Second, with technology advances and use behavior changes, the popularity of virtual communities and dependency is rising. The virtual community addiction scale can only evaluate the current situation. This study investigated the latent variables that determine partial or complete mediation using the AVF of Hair (2014). The judgment of AVF uses rules of thumb and awaits meta-analysis of partial and/or complete mediation in the future. Finally, future research could examine virtual communities in other cultures.

대학생의 주관적 건강이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향: 우울의 매개효과를 중심으로

김태형 인문사회 21 2022 인문사회 21 Vol.13 No.5

The Effect of Subjective Health on Life Satisfaction ofUniversity Students: Mediating Effect of DepressionTaehyeong Kim Abstract: This study aims to identify the effects of university students’ subjective health on their life satisfaction and verify the mediating effect of depression between two factors. Analysis were performed using the SPSS 25.0 program to verify the mediating effect, and the Sobel test was performed to analyze the statistical significance of the mediating effect. First, the subjective health had a statistically significant positive effect on life satisfaction. Second, the university students’ subjective health had a significant negative effect in depression. Third, the depression had a negative effect on life satisfaction, and it was found that subjective health had a significant positive effect on life satisfaction, so depression had a partial mediating effect. Through this analysis result, this study have suggest the practical implication about life satisfaction of university students and suggestion for future study. Key Words: Subjective Health, Depression, Life Satisfaction, University Students, Mediating Effects 대학생의 주관적 건강이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향:우울의 매개효과를 중심으로김 태 형** 연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 주관적 건강과 삶의 만족감의 관계에서 우울의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구 방법: 우울의 매개효과를 검증하기 위해 SPSS 25.0 프로그램 사용하여 기술통계 분석, 상관관계분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 매개효과의 통계적 유의미성을 분석하기 위해 Sobel 검증을 실시하였다. 연구 내용: 분석결과, 첫째, 대학생의 주관적 건강이 삶의 만족감에 통계적으로 유의한 정(+)적 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 대학생의 주관적 건강이 우울에 부(-)적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 우울이 삶의 만족감에 부(-)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었고 동시에 주관적 건강이 삶의 만족감에 유의한 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 우울은 부분매개를 지니는 것으로 검증되었다. 결론 및 제언: 본 연구는 이러한 결과를 통해 대학생의 삶의 만족감을 향상시킬 실천적 함의와 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다. 핵심어: 주관적 건강, 우울, 삶의 만족감, 대학생, 매개효과 □ 접수일: 2022년 8월 24일, 수정일: 2022년 9월 15일, 게재확정일: 202 2년 10월 20일* 이 논문은 2022년도 부산외국어대학교 학술연구조성비에 의해 연구되었음. ** 부산외국어대학교 사회복지학과 조교수(Professor, Busan University of Foreign Studies, Email: sodoi2001@naver.com)

임상 연구에서 조절효과 및 매개효과의 비교 및 통합: 개념 정의 및 통계 모형

조영일,김지현,한우리,조유정 한국임상심리학회 2015 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.34 No.4

The aim of this study was to compare the definition and assumptions of mediated and moderated effects frequently used in recent clinical research and to introduce a combination of the models verifying these two effects. Frist, difference of research questions and hypotheses, verification of each effect is attempted, is discussed through comparison of the models of these two effects. Differences in discussion of advance research for each research problem and hypothesis testing were also presented. Second, differences between conceptual models and statistical models of moderated and mediated effects were described to explain mistakes many clinical psychologists make in the process of verifying the models of these two effects. Third, considerations and methods used in performance of statistical significance tests for mediated and moderated effects are followed. Last, conditional process models, combining models verifying moderated effects and models verifying mediated effects, are presented. Under the framework of the conditional process models, integration of mediated moderational effects and moderated mediational effects is presented.

흡수역량과 경영성과의 관계에 대한 혁신유형의 매개효과 연구

서은화(Eun-Hwa Seo) 대한경영학회 2021 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.34 No.8

어머니가 인지한 아버지 양육참여 및 부부갈등과 양육스트레스와의 관계: 사회적 지지의 조절된 매개효과를 중심으로

박성덕 ( Sung Deok Park ),서연실 ( Youn Sil Seo ) 한국유아교육학회 2016 유아교육연구 Vol.36 No.2

본 연구는 아버지 양육참여와 어머니 양육스트레스 간의 관계에서 부부갈등의 매개효과와 사회적 지지의 조절효과를 알아보고 매개효과와 조절효과 과정을 통합한 사회적 지지의 조절된 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 선행연구와 관련이론을 바탕으로 아버지 양육참여를 독립변인으로, 부부갈등을 매개변인, 사회적 지지를 조절변인 및 조절된 매개변인, 어머니 양육스트레스를 종속변인으로 연구모형을 설정하여 그 효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구는 한국아동패널의 4차년도에 조사된 총 1,706명의 어머니 설문데이터를 분석대상으로 아버지 양육참여, 부부갈등, 어머니 양육스트레스, 사회적 지지 척도를 사용하였다. 자료분석을 위해 SPSSStatistics 21.0, AMOS 21.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 대상 변인들의 상관 및 기술통계 분석을 위해서 SPSS를 사용하였고 부부갈등의 매개효과 검증을 위해 구조방정식을 이용하였다. 조절된 매개효과 분석은 Hayes의 “PROCESS”를 이용하였다. 검증결과, 아버지 양육참여와 어머니 양육스트레스 간의 관계에서 부부갈등의 매개효과와 사회적 지지의 조절효과 및 조절된 매개효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점에 대해 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of marital conflict and the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between father’s child-rearing involvement and mother’s child-rearing stress and the moderated mediating effect of social support that integrated the processes of mediating effect and moderating effect. A research model was set up based on earlier studies and related theories. In this model, father’s child-rearing involvement and marital conflicts were respectively selected as an independent variable and a mediator variable. Social support was selected as a moderator variable and moderated mediator variable, and father’s child-rearing stress was selected as a dependent variable. And then the effect of the research model was verified. The questionnaire data from 1,706 mothers who participated in the four-year survey of the Panel Study on Korean Children were analyzed, and four different scales were used, which respectively dealt with father’s child-rearing involvement, marital conflict, mother’s child-rearing stress and social support. As for data analysis, SPSS Statistics 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 were utilized. The statistical packages SPSS were used to determine the correlation of the variables and to make a descriptive statistics analysis, and structural equation was utilized to test the mediating effect of marital conflict. To analyze moderated mediating effect, Hayse’s SPSS “PROCESS” was put to use. As a result, marital conflict was found to have had a mediating effect on the relationship between father’s child- rearing involvement and mother’s child-rearing involvement, and social support was found to have produced both moderating effect and moderated mediating effect. Finally, The implications of the findings of the study and the limitations of the study were both discussed.

혁신지향문화와 관계지향문화가 지식경영활동에 미치는 영향 - 지식경영전략 매개효과 중심으로 -

김명수(Kim Myung Soo) 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회지 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구는 기업의 혁신지향문화(developmental culture), 관계지향문화(group culture)가 지식경영활동에 미치는 영향의 관계를 살펴보기 위하여 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화, 지식경영전략 및 지식경영활동과 관련된 문헌 및 선행연구를 검토하여, 우선 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영전략간의 관계와 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동과의 관계를 살펴보고, 그리고 지식경영전략과 지식경영활동과의 관계에 대해서도 알아보며, 마지막으로 지식경영전략이 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동 간의 매개역할을 하는지에 대해서 학습조직이나 지식경영을 도입한 81개 기업을 대상으로 실증적 연구 분석을 하였다. 이러한 관계가 기업들의 지식경영에 어떠한 요소로 작용하는지를 실증분석 함으로써 지식경영을 진행하는 기업들에게 중요한 시사점을 제공하였다. 첫째, 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영전략에 있어서는 혁신지향문화는 지식경영전략의 시스템중심전략에서만 유의했고, 관계지향문화는 지식경영전략의 시스템중심전략(codification strategy) 및 사람중심전략(personalization strategy) 모두 유의하였다. 둘째, 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동에 있어서는 혁신지향문화는 지식경영활동의 지식활용에 대해서 유의했으며, 관계지향문화는 지식경영활동의 지식창출과 지식경영활동 모두 유의하였다. 셋째, 지식경영전략과 지식경영활동에 있어서는 지식경영전략의 시스템중심전략과 사람중심전략은 지식경영활동의 지식창출 및 지식활용 모두에 유의했다. 넷째, 지식경영전략의 매개역할에 대한 검정은 혁신지향문화와 지식경영활동의 지식창출에 대해서 시스템중심전략 및 사람중심전략 모두 매개역할을 하며 부분매개효과가 있음이 나타났고, 혁신지향문화와 지식경영활동의 지식활용에 대해서도 시스템중심전략 및 사람중심전략 모두 매개역할을 하여 부분 매개효과가 있었다. 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동의 지식창출에 대해서 시스템중심전략과 사람중심전략 모두 매개역할을 하며 부분매개효과가 있었고, 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동의 지식활용에 대해서는 시스템중심전략은 부분매개효과가 있으나 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동의 지식활용에 대해 사람중심전략은 매개역할을 하지 못하여 매개효과가 없었다. 혁신지향문화에서는 지식경영전략의 시스템중심전략이 유의하고, 지식경영활동의 지식활용이 유의함을 알 수 있고 시스템중심전략을 통해서는 지식경영활동의 지식창출과 지식활용이 유의한 결과가 나타났음을 알 수 있었으며, 시스템중심전략은 혁신지향문화와 지식창출 및 지식활용 간의 부분매개효과가 있었고, 사람중심전략도 혁신지향문화와 지식창출 및 지식활용 간에 있어 부분매개효과가 있었다. 관계지향문화에서는 지식경영전략의 시스템중심전략과 사람중심전략이 모두 유의하고 지식경영활동의 지식창출과 지식활용과도 모두 유의하였으며, 혁신지향문화보다는 관계지향문화가 지식경영전략이나 지식경영활동에 대한 유의성이 더 높음을 알 수 있다. 그리고 시스템중심전략은 관계지향문화와 지식창출 및 지식활용 간의 부분매개효과가 있었고, 사람중심전략도 관계지향문화와 지식창출 간에 있어 부분매개효과가 있었지만, 지식활용 간에는 매개효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 시스템중심전략보다는 사람중심전략이 더 지식경영활동의 폭을 넓게 활용할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 이론적 시사점은 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영전략과의 관계, 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동과의 관계 및 지식경영전략과 지식경영활동에 대해서 분석을 시도하였고, 특히 지식경영전략이 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 지식경영활동 간의 매개역할에 대해서도 지식경영전략이 부분매개효과가 있음을 기업의 수준에서 분석을 시도하였다는 것이고, 실무적 시사점은 기업의 매출규모가 400억 미만의 중소기업과, 업력 10년 미만의 기업과 제조업에서는 혁신지향문화보다는 조직구성원들에게 대한 배려와 관심, 유대감과 친밀감 그리고 조직의 결속을 강조하는 관계지향문화가 지식경영을 진행하는 조직에 더 유연하고 합리적인 것으로 보였음을 알 수 있었다. 향후 지식경영을 진행하는 기업에게 혁신지향문화, 관계지향문화와 유의한 지식경영전략 및 지식경영활동의 관계에 도움이 되기를 희망한다. This study examines the literature and previous studies related to Developmental culture, group culture, knowledge management strategy, and knowledge management activities to examine the relationship between corporate Developmental culture and group culture on knowledge management activities. First, we examine the relationship between Developmental culture, group culture and knowledge management strategy, and the relationship between Developmental culture, group culture and knowledge management activity, and then examine the relationship between knowledge management strategy and knowledge management activity. Finally, knowledge management strategy An empirical research and analysis was conducted targeting 81 companies that introduced learning organizations or knowledge management to determine whether this Developmental culture, group culture, and knowledge management activities play a mediating role. By empirically analyzing what kind of factor this relationship acts on the knowledge management of companies, important implications were provided for companies conducting knowledge management. First, in the Developmental culture, group culture and knowledge management strategy, Developmental culture was significant only in the codification strategy of the knowledge management strategy, and in the group culture, both the codification strategy and the personalization strategy of the knowledge management strategy were significant. Second, in Developmental culture, group culture and knowledge management activities, Developmental culture paid attention to knowledge utilization in knowledge management activities, and group culture paid attention to both knowledge creation and knowledge management activities in knowledge management activities. Third, in the knowledge management strategy and knowledge management activities, the codification strategy and personalization strategy of the knowledge management strategy paid attention to both knowledge creation and knowledge utilization in knowledge management activities. Fourth, the examination of the mediating role of knowledge management strategy showed that both the codification strategy and the personalization strategy played a mediating role for the knowledge creation of the Developmental culture and knowledge management activity, and there was a partial mediating effect. Regarding utilization, both the codification strategy and the personalization strategy played a mediating role, so there was a partial mediating effect. For knowledge creation in group culture and knowledge management activities, both the codification strategy and the individualization strategy played a mediating role and had a partial mediating effect. For the knowledge utilization of group culture and knowledge management activities, the codification strategy had a partial mediating effect, but group culture and knowledge The personalization strategy did not play a mediating role with respect to the use of knowledge in management activities, so there was no mediating effect. In the Developmental culture, it was found that the codification strategy of the knowledge management strategy was significant and the knowledge utilization of the knowledge management activity was significant. However, the codification strategy had a partial mediating effect between Developmental culture and knowledge creation and knowledge utilization, and the personalization strategy also had a partial mediating effect between Developmental culture and knowledge creation and knowledge utilization. In group culture, both codification strategy and personalization strategy of knowledge management strategy were significant, and knowledge creation and knowledge utilization of knowledge management activity were also significant. It can be seen that group culture has higher significance for knowledge management strategy or knowledge management activity than Developmental culture. The theoretical implications of

집단따돌림 가해자동조경험이 집단따돌림 가해행위에 미치는 영향-공감능력의 매개효과 검증-

박소현,정원철 한국학교사회복지학회 2017 학교사회복지 Vol.0 No.40

This study was designed to test the mediating effects of empathy on the relationship between experience of perpetrator and the conformity in the bullying. For this purpose, this study investigated 488 middle students who were live in the Busan city. In order to verify the mediating effects of collected data, multiple regression analysis was performed according to the three-step procedures of mediating effect analysis of the Baron and Kenny(1986). Sobel-test also was applied to confirm the significance of mediating effects. The summary of this study are as follows. First, the conformity of bullying perpetrators had positive(+) influence on group bullying behaviors, and empathy had negative(-) influence on bullying behaviors. Second, the perpetrator's experience had negative(-) influence on empathy. Third, the empathy had a partial mediation effect which alleviates the relationship between the conformity of bullying perpetrator and the bullying perpetrator behaviors. Lastly, the implications, limitations, and suggestion for further research were discussed. 본 연구는 중학생의 집단따돌림 가해자동조경험이 집단따돌림 가해행위에 미치는 영향에서 공감능력의 매개효과를 검증하기 위해 설계되었다. 이를 위해 부산지역을 동, 서, 남, 북으로 나누어서 4개의 중학교 1,2학년 총 488명을 대상으로 한 설문응답을 분석 자료로 활용하였다. 수집된 자료의 매개효과 검증을 위해 Baron과 Kenny(1986)의 매개효과 검증3단계 절차에 따라 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그리고 매개효과의 유의미성을 확인하기 위해 Sobel검증을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 집단따돌림 가해자동조경험은 집단따돌림 가해행위에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 공감능력은 가해행위에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가해자동조경험은 공감능력에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 주요변수임이 확인되었다. 셋째, 공감능력은 집단따돌림 가해자동조경험과 집단따돌림 가해행위와의 관계를 완화시키는 부분매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과에 따른 논의를 통해 임상적, 학문적 제언 그리고 후속 연구를 일부 제안하였다.