Detection of Puumala and Hantaan Viruses among Bats in Korea by Nested RT-PCR

Lee, Yun-Tai,Yun, Bo-Kyoung,Yoon, Jeong-Joong The Korean Society of Virology 1998 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.28 No.2

Hantavirus is a genus of the Bunyaviridae family consisting following serotype groups: Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, Prospect Hill, Thailand, Belgrade, Thotta palayam, Sin Nombre. Most of Hantavirus group have been associated with many clinically similar disease known collectively as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Hantaan virus is the prototype of the genus hantavirus, originally isolated from Apodemus agrarius. Bat was found as a natural host for Hantaan virus in Lee's lab for the first time. Then, Hantaan-like virus was isolated Hantaan-like virus from bat. To identify hantaviruses that are present in Korea among bats, bats were collected from Jeong-Sun, Won-Joo, Chung-Ju and Hwa-Cheon area, RNA was isolated from lung and serum. RT-PCR was performed with a universal primer from M segment. Nested RT-PCR was carried out to differentiate Hantaan, Seoul and Puumala virus using serotype specific primers. As we expected, Hantaan viruses were detected in bats and Seoul virus was not detected. Interestingly, Puumala viruses were also detected in bats from Won-Ju, but not in other areas. Puumala virus is originally isolated from Clethrinomys glareolus, and cause light HFRS. Recently, Paradoxomis webbiana, a wild bird turn out to be a reservoir for Puumala virus in Korea. These data indicate that bat is a new natural reservoir of Puumala virus.

Detection of Puumala and Hantaan Virus among Bats in Korea by Nested RT - PCR

Yun Tai Lee,Bo Kyoung Yun,Jeong Joong Yoon 대한바이러스학회 1998 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.28 No.2

Hantavirus is a genus of the Bunyaviridae family consisting following serotype groups: Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, Prospect Hill, Thailand, Belgrade, Thotta palayam, Sin Nombre. Most of Hantavirus group have been associated with many clinically similar disease known collectively as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Hantaan virus is the prototype of the genus hantavirus, originally isolated from Apodemus agrarius. Bat was found as a natural host for Hantaan virus in Lee's lab for the first time. Then, Hantaan-like virus was isolated Hantaan-like virus from bat. To identify hantaviruses that are present in Korea among bats, bats were collected from Jeong-Sun, Won-Joo, Chung-Ju and Hwa-Cheon area, RNA was isolated from lung and serum. RT-PCR was performed with a universal primer from M segment. Nested RT- PCR was carried out to differentiate Hantaan, Seoul and Puumala virus using serotype specific primers. As we expected, Hantaan viruses were detected in bats and Seoul virus was not detected. Interestingly, Puumala viruses were also detected in bats from Won-Ju, but not in other areas. Puumala virus is originally isolated from Clethrinomys glareolus, and cause light HFRS. Recently, Paradoxomis webbiana, a wild bird turn out to be a reservoir for Puumala virus in Korea. These data indicate that bat is a new natural reservoir of Puumala virus.

韓國에서 分離한 Leptospira의 細菌學的 特性에 관하여

李淵台,張大一 단국대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Bacteriological dharacters of strains that kindly furnished from the division of pathogenic bacteria, NIH, school, were performed. All the strains were isolated from the wild-rat of Yea Ju (Kyong-Gi), Won ju (Knag-won) Kwang San, Ccheon-Nam) from Sseptember to November, 1985 and stock cultured in that laborlatory, The results were as follow; 1. Fifteen Leptospira interrogans was isolated from 50 wild-rat collexted in Yeoju, and Kwangsan areas. 2. According to tha rodent species, the isolation rate was different; the isolation rate from Apodemus agarius was 32.6% and the rate from Rattus novegicus was 16.7%. 3. Leptospira isolates had motility, photoplasmic spiral, axial filament and enveloping membrane, and hook in the one end or both end of the cell. The size of the cell was 0.1㎛ in diameter and 6∼12㎛ in length, and sixteen to twenty times coiled along the axial filament of the cell. 4. The growth rate was best in the media in which 8 to 10% rabbit serum was contained under 29℃ culture condition. The cell was inhibited to the growth at the addition of 225㎛ /ml of 8-azaguanine in the media. 5. The isolates was shown as peroxidase positive, cat alase positive and oxidase positive. 6. The microcopical histo-pathological sign from the infected guinea pig with Leptospira was diffused pale-redness spot in the lung, pale-whiteness in the kidney. 7. Microscopical histo-pathological sign was shown as follows; The swelling of the epihelial cell in tubule urethra with vaccuole or ulcer was shown in the kidney, and hydropic dgeneration in the interstitial tissue after the duration of 5 days from the guinea pig inoculated with Leptospira. Congestion and haemorrhagic sign was most characteristic in the lung after the duration of 5 days from the guinea pig incoculated with Leptospira. Epithelial cell in bronchi was increased and red cells and degenerated epithelial cells was also observed. 8. The LD_50 value inoculated by intra peritoneal route into guinea pig 8.9×10 exp (4) of the cells.

冷血動物(개구리)에서 日本腦炎 바이러스의 抗體보유에 관한 硏究

이연태,기영진,김광현,최성학,홍장선 단국대학교 신소재기술연구소 1993 신소재 Vol.3 No.-

일본뇌염 바이러스는 극동지방에서 여름철에 Culex tritaeniorhynchus 홍모기를 매개로 사람과 가축에 감염되여 질병을 유발하고 치명적인 결과를 초래하는 무서운 바이러스 질환의 원인체이다. 그동안 끊임없는 연구결과로 1970년 후반부터 일본뇌염 환자발생이 현저하게 감소하였다. 그러나 자연계에서 일본뇌염 바이러스의 생태학적 규명은 아직도 연구되어야 할 과제들이 산적되어 있다. 따라서 이 바이러스의 보유동물에 대한 자연계의 생활환경에 관한 연구가 필요하여 개구리의 항체보유여부를 규명 하였다. 6개도의 야외에서 채집한 개구리 681마리 혈청에 대하여 HI 방법에 의한 항체 분석을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 개구리 총 681마리의 일본뇌염바이러스에 대한 HI항체 보유율은 9.83%였다(p<0.01). 2. 일본뇌염바이러스에 대한 성별 HI 항체 보유율은 수컷이 2.63%(531마리 중 14마리). 암컷이 35.33%(150마리 중 53마리)로 암컷이 약 13배 높은 항체보유율을 나타냈다(p<0.01). 3. 종류별 HI항체 보유율은 북방산 개구리가 100%(1마리 중 1마리), 산개구리 66.66%(3마리 중 2마리), 금개구리 50.00%(36마리 중 18마리), 옴개구리 33.33%(6마리 중 2마리), 참개구리 6.92%(635마리 중 44마리)로 나타났다(p<0.01). 4. 월별 HI 항체 보유율은 11월이 66.66%(9마리 중 6마리)로 가장 높았으며 10월이 37.50%(32마리 중 6마리), 9월이 26.05%*142마리 중 37마리), 8월이 22.85%(35마리 중 8마리), 9월이 26.05%(142마리 중 37마리), 8월이 22.85%(35마리 중 8마리), 6월이 1.65%(241마리 중 4마리), 5월은 0%(222마리 중 0마리)이였다(p<0.01). 5. 지역별 일본뇌염바이러스에 대한 HI 항체보유율은 경기 16.56%(157마리 중 26마리, 충남 15.69%(172마리 중 27마리), 전북 7.14%(168마리 중 12마리)였고, 충북(71마리)과 강원(78마리)은 0%였다(p<0.010. Japanese Encephalitis virus(JEV) infects human and domestic animals via mosquitoes, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and cause diseases that results in serious consequencies in Far East area during summer season. Thanks to the continuous research on this virus, the frequency of occurrence has been greatly diminished since the second half of 1970. But, there are still much work needs to be done on the virus, especially on their ecology in nature. We studied the antibodies in frogs based on the perspective that the research must be done on the carrier animals of the virus. We tested sera by HI method from 681 frogs captured randomyl in the six provinces. The results are summarized as following 1. Antibody positive rate to HI was 9.83%(67 out of 681). 2. Among these positive frogs, positive rate for male was 2.63%(14 out of 531), and positive rate for famale was 35.33%(53 out of 150). the positive rate for female is higher than that of male by about 13 times. 3. Different positive rates were shown among different species; 100%(1 out of 1) in Rana temporaria ornativentris, 66.66%(2 out of 3) in Rana temporaria orativentris, 50%(18 out of 36) in Rana plancyi chosenica, 33.33%(2 out of 6) in Rana rugosa and 6.92%(44 out of 635) in Rana niglomaculata. 4. When the monthly positive rates were compared, November was the highest as 66.66%(6 out of 9), 37.5%(6 out of 32) in October 26.05%(37 out of 142) in September, 22.85%(8 out of 35) in August, 65%(4 out of 241) in June and 0% in May 5. Areal distribution of positive rate to HI was 16.56%(26 out 157) in Kyung Kee, 15.69%(27 out of 172) in Chung Nam, 7.14%(12 out of 168) in Chun Buk, and 0% both in Chung Buk and Gang Won.

大腸菌의 痢疾菌의傳達性 R-plasmid 에 關한 硏究

李淵台,박경란 대한감염학회 1983 감염 Vol.15 No.1

One hundred and twenty-five strains of Escherichia coli isolated from either stools of Human or drainage were tested for their resistance to antimicrobial drugs and their R-plasmid transfer. 1. The frequency of resistance strains were highest to tetracycline(Tc) with 60%, and followed by ampicillin(Ap), streptomycin(Sm), kanamycin(Km) in the decreasing order, ranging from 57.6% to 18.4% and only five strains were resistant either one or more antibiotics of gentamicin(Gm), rifampicin(Rf), and amikacin(Ak). The frequency of resistant strains were much higher among human isolates than drainage one. There was difference in drug resistance between human and drainage isolated. 2. Seventy-two of isolated from human strains 94% were resistant to one or more drugs tested, and fifty-three strains isolated from drainage strains fourty-seven were resistant to one or more drugs tested. However strains resistant to four or more drugs were much more appear among human isolates than drainage isolated, with the increasing tendancy of mutiple resistant drugs among human isolates, following the increase in the number of resistant drugs. 3. In the transfer test of drug resistance by conjugation of sixty-eigth strains which isolated from human fourty-three strains(63.2%) were transferable, whereas of twenty-eight strains isolated from drainage eight strains(32%) were transferable. 4. A total of 117 strains of Shigella isolated in Korea from 1982 to 1983 were tested for gruds resistance and distribution of R-plasmid. Most strains were shown multiples drug resistance and transfer experiments of multiple drug resistance to E. coli ML 1410 showed that all the strains resistant to three or more drugs carried R-plasmids.

이질균속(痢疾菌屬)의 생물학적 특성 및 항균제 내성에 관한 연구 : 1983~1985 1983~1985

이연태,전용진 단국대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

Shigella remains to be an important enteric pathogen in this country for the present. Moreover, most the isolates have become multiple resistant to various antibiotics which used to be drugs of choice for shigellosis. This study was made as an attempt to asses the present stage antibiotic resistance fo Shigella. A total of one hundred and twenty eight of Shigella isolated from patients in Seoul and a few provincial areas between 1983 and 1985 were tested for their resistant to antimicrobial agents. Antibiotic susceptibilites were determined by an agar dilution method. Mu¨ller-Hinton agar were used for the assay of drug restance. Antimicrobial drugs were used amikacin, ampicillin, cephalothn, chiloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin and tobramycin. The following results were obtained. 1. All isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin. 2. Among 128 isolates, 120 strains(92%) were resistant to tetracycline, 118 strains(90%) to streptomycin and 108 strains(80%) to ampiciliin. 3. Thirty six strains were resistant to four drugs, followed by 35 strains resistant to five drugs. However, only one strain was susceptible to all drugs tested. 4. Seventy six strains(59.3%) of 128 isloates were resistant to ampiciliin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline at the same time.

장티프스환자의 다형핵 백혈구에 대한 Chemotaxis

李淵台,李鍾訓 大韓免疫學會 1979 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.1 No.1

In this study, an attempt was made to measure the chemotatic activity of PMNs in Salmonellosis. Each 15 ml of heparinized blood was obtained from 6 patients of typhoid fever in the Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre from June in 1978 to Novemer. Each 1 ml of 3% dextran was added and the treated blood was incubated at 37°C for 4C minutes. The supernatant was harvested, washed two times with TC-199 medium, and the concentration of cells was adjusted at I X 10' ml. The casein (0.5 %) was used as a chemotactic factor with Boyden chamber modified by Larson (1977) used. The pores of the membrane millipore filters were 0.8pm and 0, 45pm in diameter (filter type SC made in France). The chamber inserted filters was filled with 0.4 ml of PMNs and kept at 37°C for 2. +hrs. Then, picked out the filter, we stained it with Harris haematoxicillin and counted only five fields through the microscope. The results were as follows: 1. The chemotactic activity of PMNs in control had no significant differences. 2. The longer the measuring time was, the more migrated the cells were. But, in this study a chamber was activated for 2. + hrs. 3. In typhoid fever, the chemotactic activity of PMNs appeared with a remarkable difference between one early infected stage and the other convalescent. Namely, the reactivity of the early infected stage was lower than that of the convalescent one.

補益藥의 補血機轉에 對한 本草學的 解釋

이제현,이한구,김진숙,김연태,김정숙 대한본초학회 1997 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

Hematopoietic actions induced by administration of Astragali radix, Angelicae gigantis radix, Rehmanniae radix preparat and Cervi pantotrichum cornu were compared in SAM R1 and P6. We measured complete blood cells such as RBC, Hb and Hct using Coulter's method and compared the results each other in a view of traditional Korean medicine. The administration of Angelicae gigantis radix did not induce hernatopoietic actions in SAMs and also was quite different those from the other 3 herbs. Thus, the mechanisms of the hematopoietic action by Astragali radix, Angelicae gigantis radix, Rehmanniae radix preparat and Cervi pantotrichum cornu could be different each other.

박쥐혈청의 일본뇌염 Virus에 대한 중화항체

李淵台,李潤日,金慶淑,金明淑,李鍾訓 中央醫學社 1973 中央醫學 Vol.25 No.3

Bats seemed to be a susceptible animals to infection with some arboviruses but insufficient evidence precludes the determination of their relative importance in maintaining the Japanese encephalitis virus in nature. An attempt was made to evaluate the neutralizing antibody against Japanese once halitis virus on the sera of bats. The eighty-four serum samples were obtained from bats (Pipistrellus abramus Temminck) which were captured at the Mt. Song-Chu and Mt. Do-Bong in July, 1971. Neutralizing antibody against Japanese encephalitis virus was demonstrated from 5 (6.0%) out of 84 serum specimens by means of plaque inhibition method.

모기계대세포에서의 러시아 춘하뇌염의 증식

李淵台,金敬淑,李潤日,金明淑,李種訓 최신의학사 1973 最新醫學 Vol.16 No.9

Growth of Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus in established line of mosquito (Sigh's Aedes albopictus) cells was studied by infectivity ' titration of mouse lethal doses and observation of morphological changes on the infected cell monolayers. The cell line could support the multiplication of Russian spring summer encephalitis virus. The maximum virus titer of 10''0 mice LD50 was reached in 3 days after virus inoculation. Cytopathic effect was found on the whole monolayer from second post infective day and large round spherical cell aggregates were observed theereafter.