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金年泰,吳壽明,尹忠,柳世英,朱興在,朴容喆 中央醫學社 1975 中央醫學 Vol.29 No.4
This report is consist of a review of 81 patients who substained blunt and penetrating trauma on abdomen during Oct. , 1970 ? July, 1975 on the Surgical Department of Kyung lice Medical College. The non-penetrating injuries of abdomen were 55 cases (67. 9%) and penetrating trauma were 26 cases (32. 1%). The common causes of blunt trauma were traffic accident, fall and violence and of penetraiting trauma were violence, suicide in oder of frequency. In abdominal trauma, the most common organ injuries were small bowel, spleen, kidney, pancreas, liver in order of frequency. Abdominal tapping and radiography were helpful in diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma. Simple closure were possible in minute injuries to the hollow viscus and liver and splenectomy in spleen injuries and conservative treatment in most kidney injuries. The major complication were infection (16), pulmonary complication (13), ileus (12) and fecal fistular(l). The major causes of death were septicemia (2), head trauma (2), pulmonary complication (2) and total death of patients are 8 of 81 cases (10%).
프리텐션을 받는 트러스 구조물의 좌굴을 고려한 최적설계
김연태,김대환,이재홍 한국강구조학회 2010 韓國鋼構造學會 論文集 Vol.22 No.2
An under-tension system is frequently employed for large-span structures to reduce the deflection and member size. In this study, a microgenetic algorithm was used to find the optimum cross-section of truss structures with an undertension cable under transverse loading. Maximum deflection, allowable stress, and buckling were considered constraints. The proposed approach was verified using a 10-bar truss sample that shows good agreement with the previous results. In the numerical results, minimum-weight design of the under-tension structure was performed for various magnitudes of pretension. 언더텐션이란 상부에서의 하중을 하부 케이블의 인장력을 이용하여 그 하중을 양 단부로 전달하는 시스템을 말하며 처짐과 부재크기를 제어하기 위해 장스팬 구조물에 주로 적용된다. 하지만 수많은 단면 중에서 여러 조건을 만족하며 최소의 물량, 즉 최대의 경제성에 부합하는 최적의 단면을 찾는 것은 매우 어려운 일이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 마이크로 유전알고리즘을 이용하여 언더텐션 형태의 트러스 구조물에 단면 최적화 연구를 수행하였으며 처짐과 허용응력 그리고 좌굴이 제약조건으로 고려되었다. 최적화 검증 예제로 자주 사용되는 10-bar 트러스 예제의 이전 연구 결과와의 비교를 통하여 개발된 프로그램을 검증하였다. 이를 바탕으로 프리텐션 크기를 변수로 설정하여 언더텐션 구조물의 최적 설계를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 제시된 최적설계 그래프를 통하여 설계자가 일정 조건을 만족하는 최적의 단면을 쉽게 선택할 수있을 것으로 사료된다.
김연태,홍종호,조성민,이신두 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009 Journal of information display Vol.10 No.2
A replica-molding method of fabricating a dual-gap substrate for transflective liquid crystal (LC) displays is demonstrated. The dual-gap substrate provides homeotropic alignment for the LC molecules without any surface treatment and embedded bile-vel microstructure on one of the two surfaces to maintain different cell gaps between the transmissive and reflective subpixels. The proposed transflective LC cell shows no electro-optic disparity between two subpixels and reduces the panel thickness and weight by 30% compared to the conventional transflective LC cell, which has two glass substrates.