삼브롬화안티몬과 몇몇 유기브롬화물 사이의 브롬교환반응

배영일,류석환 울산대학교 1983 연구논문집 Vol.14 No.1

니트로벤젠 및 1,2,4-트리클로로벤젠 용매중에서 삼브롬화안티몬과 몇몇 유기브롬화물 사이의 브롬교환반응속도가 방사성 Br82로 표진된 삼브롬화안티몬을 사용하여 측정되었다. 연구결과 삼브론화안티몬에 관한 교환반응의 반응차소는 그 농도에 따라 달라졌다. 즉, 삼브롬화안티몬의 농도가 진할때는 2차인 반응속도식을 딸T으며 삼브롬화안티몬의농도가 비교적 옅을 때는 1차인 반응속도식을 따랐고 유기브롬화물에 대한 교환반응의 반응차소는 두 경우 모두 1차인 반응속도식을 따랐다. 니트로벤젠 용매중에서 삼브롬화안티몬과 브롬화이소프로필 또는 브롬화이차부칠 사이의 브롬교환반응은 아주 느리거나 또는 일어나지 않는 것으로 관측 되었다. In nitrobenzene and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, the rates of bromine exchange reaction of antimony tribromide with organic bromides has been mearured, using Br82 labelled antimony tribromide. The result of the study indicates that the reaction order of bromine exchange with respect to antimony tribromide varies with its concentration. At high concentration of antimony tribromide, Second order kinetics with respect to antimony tribromide has been observed, and at lower concentration of antimony tribromide, frist order kinetics. In any case of antimony tribromide concentration, first oder kinetics with respect to organicbromide has been observed. It was observed that the bromine exchange of antimony tribromide antimony with iso-propylbromide or sec-butylbromide in nitrobenzene did not occur or quite slowly occured.

태권도 수련생의 윤리관 정립 방안

임정일,배성민,최영준 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to improve the ethic corruptness by focusing on the fact that Taekwondo is our own traditional property as a whole, and to establish the morals and ethics of Taekwondo trainee, athlete, coach, administrator, and veteran of Taekwondo. The problems of Taekwondo ethic values lie on the absence of right guidance and education, repeated violence in the stadium, the questioning of the referee's judgements, commercialization of Taekwondo that leads to excessive materialism and 'win at all costs' phenomena, and the lost manners. These are the methods to ameliorate the above mentioned problems. First, guide and educate the ethic values of the Taekwondo trainee. Second, research a program that establishes the ethic values of the trainee. Third, breed referees with rigid ethic values. Fourth, establish ethic values through Taekwondo culture creation . Fifth, establish the origins of ethic values through Taekwondo spirit. 1) Establishment of Koryo, Chosun Dynasty's traditional spirit and ethic value. 2) Establishment of ethic value through the unique Taekwondo spirit. Sixth, establish ethic value by education for the whole man. Seventh, establish ethic value through fair play. Therefore this study was carried out to contribute to innovating culture creation of Taekwondo through upright moral values as well as ethic values, and to succeed and develope the superb Taekwondo spirit and ethic values to Taekwondo families all over the world who have dreams and hopes.

Fission Track法에 依한 Uranium의 定量

朴肯植,裵永一 울산대학교 1975 연구논문집 Vol.6 No.1

플라스틱 필름에 生成되는 核分裂痕迹을 調査함으로써 우라늄의 檢出 및 定量可能性에 관하여 檢討하였다. 플라스틱으로서는 Myler, 질산쎌루로즈, 폴리에틸렌, P.V.C 등을 사용하였으며 化學음核法에 依하여 痕迹을 擴大시켜 調査하였다 本方法에 의하여 국제원자력기구 標準試料를 分析한 결과 I.A.E.A. 報告置와 좋은 일치를 얻었다. 本方法은 操作이 비교적 간편하고 採取試料量도 극히 소량으로 충분할 뿐 아니라 보통 光學顯微鏡으로 분석이 가능하였다. The induced fission tracks on Myler, Cellulose nitrate, P.V.C and Polyethylene film has been tested for the determination of uranium in low grade uranium ores. Even though the fission tracks on P.V.C and Polyethylene film wre not suitable for the quantitative determination of uranium, the other films, Myler and Cellulose nitrate, the uranium contents of the I.A.E.A low grade uranium ore samples S2 and S3 were determined to be 0.313% U₃?? and 0.411% U₃?? respectively, these results are in good agreement with the value from th I.A.E.A reports.

고체입자에 의한 이성분 액체용액의 흡착현상

김기창,배영일 울산대학교 1980 연구논문집 Vol.11 No.1

고체입자에 의한 이성분 액체용액의 등온흡착 평형상태에 대하여 열역학적 해석으로부터 흡착상의 활동도계수와 몰분율과의 관계를 정의하였다. 문헌에 의한 흡착평형 데이터를 이용하여 본 논문에서 정의된 이론적 관계로부터 계산된 흡착상의 활동도 계수는 열역학적으로 건전하였으며, 흡착상의 활동도 계수는 bulk상과 같이 Redlich-Kister식으로 표시될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. The relations between the activity coefficicient and the mole fraction in the adsorbed phase were obtained from the thermodynamic analysis on the adsorption equilibrium of the liquid mixtures on solids. Activity coefficients in the absorbed phase were calculated from the teremodynamic relations obtained in this paper and were thermodynamically consistent. The activity coefficients in the adsorbed phase were out to be well agreeable with Redlich-Kister equations.

가감보중익기탕의 LPS 유도 염증성 매개물에 대한 억제 효과

장선일,김형진,김용준,배현옥,정헌택,정옥삼,김윤철,윤용갑 대한동의병리학회 2003 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Kagam-bojungikgitang is the water extracts prepared from Ginseng Radix, Astragali Radix, Angelicae gigantis Radix, Astractylodis Rhizoma alba, Aurantii nobilis Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Artemisiae iwayomogii Herba, and Scutellariae Radix. This is a modified prescription of Bojungikgitang, which has been used for the treatment of indigestion, and immunological disease in oriental countries. In this study, the effects of Kagam-bojungikgitang and Bojungikgitang on the production of prostaglandin E_2 (PGE_2) and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were examined using Raw 264.7 macrophages activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both prescriptions dose-dependently reduced the release of PGE_2 and expression of COX-2 caused by stimulation of LPS without cytotoxic effect. Kagam-bojungikgitang's inhibitory effects were better than Bojungikgitang in PGE_2 production and COX-2 expression. Moreover, Kagam-bojungikgitang also attenuated markedly the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6 than Bojungikgitang in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results suggest that Kagam-bojungikgitang decrease PGE_2 and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages and these properties may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of Kagam-bojungikgitang.

보중익기탕(補中益氣湯)의 Lipopolysaccharide와 $Interferon-{\gamma}$에 의해 유도되는 염증성 매개물에 대한 억제 효과(效果)

장선일,김형진,김용준,배현옥,정헌택,윤용갑,정옥삼,김윤철,Jang Seon-Il,Kim Hyung-Jin,Kim Young-Jun,Pae Hyun-Ock,Chung Hun-Taeg,Yun Yong-Gab,Jeong Ok-Sam,Kim Youn-Chul 대한한의학방제학회 2003 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

Bojungikgitang is the water extracts prepared from Ginseng Radix, Astragali Radix, Angelicae gigantis Radix, Astractylodis Rhizoma alba, Aurantii nobilis Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Cimicifugae Rhizoma, which has been used for the treatment of indigestion, and immunological disease in oriental countries. In this study, the effects of Bojungikgitang on the productions of nitiric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were examined using RAW 264.7 macrophages activated with $interferon-{\gamma}\;(IFN-{\gamma})$ plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Bojungikgitang (10-400 ${\mu}$g/ml) per se had no cytotoxic effect in unstimulated macrophages, but this compound dose-dependently reduced the release of NO and $PGE_2$ caused by stimulation of $LPS/IFN-{\gamma}$. The levels of iNOS and COX-2 protein were markedly suppressed by the treatment with Bojungikgitang in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, Bojungikgitang also attenuated the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (1L)-1${\beta}$ and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results suggest that Bojungikgitang decreases the NO and $PGE_2$ production in macrophages by inhibiting iNOS and COX-2 expression and these properties may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of Bojungikgitang.

한국인 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애와 도파민 D5 수용체 유전자 다형성의 관련성 : 가족기반 연구 및 환자-대조군 연구

박태원,김붕년,임명호,유희정,강대희,조수철,유일한,조은정,백소영,배치운,서영주 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.1

Objectives : Recent genetic studies have suggested a preferential transmission of the Dopamine D5 receptor gene (DRD5) 148bp marker allele. The aim of this study is to test the association between DRD5 and ADHD. Methods : 106 Korean children with ADHD and their parents were analyzed using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and haplotype-based haplotype relative risk test (HHRR). And also the ADHD children were compared with 212 ageand gender matched normal controls. Results : We found the evidence for an association of short alleles of DRD5 dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in both Case-control and family based studyies. Additionally, we observed some evidence for biased transmission of allele 152 bp and 144 bp. Conclusion : Our results lend credence to the notion that the relationship between ADHD and DRD5 is complex. The number of cases and informative transmissions in our study were small, therefore it would be premature to make any conclusions Con-ceming the role of DRD5 in ADHD. Further work is needed to support these findings.

Characterization of NiO-TiO₂ Modified with WO₃ and Catalytic Activity for Acid Catalysis

Pae, Young-Il,Bae, Mu-Hee,Park, Won-Cheon,Sohn, Jong-Rack Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.12

A series of $NiO-TiO_2$/$WO_3$ catalysts was prepared by drying powdered $Ni(OH)_2-Ti(OH)_4$ with ammonium metatungstate aqueous solution, followed by calcining in air at high temperature. Characterization of prepared catalysts was performed by using FTIR, Raman, XPS, XRD, and DSC and by measuring surface area. Upon the addition of tungsten oxide to titania up to 25 wt%, the specific surface area and acidity of catalysts increased in proportion to the tungsten oxide content due to the interaction between tungsten oxide and titania. Since the -$TiO_2$/stabilizes the tungsten oxide species, for the samples equal to or less than 25 wt%, tungsten oxide was well dispersed on the surface of titania, but for the samples containing above 25 wt%, the triclinic phase of $WO_3$ was observed at calcination temperature above 400 $^{\circ}C$. The catalytic activities of 10-NiO-$TiO_2$/$WO_3$ for 2-propanol dehydration and cumene dealkylation were correlated with the acidity of catalysts measured by ammonia chemisorption method. NiO may attract reactants and enhance the local concentration of reactants near the acid sites, consequently showing the increased catalytic activities.

Kinetics of the Bromine-exchange Reaction of Antimony(Ⅲ) Bromide with Organic Bromide in the Organic Solvents

Pae, Young-Il,Ahn, Jeong-Soo 울산대학교 1979 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.2

삼브롬화안티몬과 브롬화이소프로필 사이의 브롬 교환반응의 반응속도를 니트로벤젠과 1,2,4-트리클로로벤젠용매에서 측정하였다. 삼브롬화안티몬과 브롬화이소프로필 사이의 브롬 교환반응의 반응차수는 니트로벤젠 용매 및 1,2,4-트리클로로벤젠용매에서 모두 삼브롬화안티몬에 대해서는 1.4차이었으며 브롬화이소프로필에 대해서는 0차이었다. 이반응의 반응속도상수는 니트로벤젠 용매를 사용하였을 경우 22℃에서 3.3×10??(l/mole)??sec??이었으며 1,2,4-트리클로로벤젠 용매를 사용하였을 경우 22℃에서 4.1×10??(l/mole)??sec??이었다. 또 활성화에너지, 활성화엔트로피, 활성화엔탈피, 잦음율과 같은 열역학적 함수를 구하였으며 삼브롬화안티몬과 유기브롬화물 사이의 브롬 교환반응의 반응메카니즘도 제시하였다. The rate of the bromine-exchange reaction between antimony(Ⅲ) bromide and isopropyl bromine in nitrobenzene and in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene has been determined, utilizing antimony(Ⅲ) bromine labeled with radioactive bromine. The results indicate that the exchange reaction between antimony(Ⅲ) bromide and isopropyl bromide is 1.4th order with respect to antimony(Ⅲ) bromide and zero order with respect to isopropyl bromide in each of the two solvents. The reaction rate constants of these reatcion determined at 22˚are 3.3×10??(l/mole)??sec?? in nitrobenzene and 4.1×10??(l/mole)??sec?? in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. The activation energy, the enthalphy of activation, and the entropy of activation for the exchange reaction have been determined. It has also been observed that antimony(Ⅲ) bromide exchanges bromine slower with isopropyl bromide than tert-butyl bromide and benzyl bromide. reaction mechanism for the bromine exchange is proposed.

CeO2-Promoted Highly Active Catalyst, NiSO4/CeO2-ZrO2 for Ethylene Dimerization

Young Il Pae,Dong Cheol Shin,Jong Rack Sohn* 대한화학회 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.12

The NiSO4/CeO2-ZrO2 catalysts containing different nickel sulfate and CeO2 contents were prepared by the impregnation method, where support, CeO2-ZrO2 was prepared by the coprecipitation method using a mixed aqueous solution of zirconium oxychloride and cerium nitrate solution followed by adding an aqueous ammonia solution. No diffraction line of nickel sulfate was observed up to 20 wt %, indicating good dispersion of nickel sulfate on the surface of CeO2-ZrO2. The addition of nickel sulfate (or CeO2) to ZrO2 shifted the phase transition of ZrO2 from amorphous to tetragonal to higher temperatures because of the interaction between nickel sulfate (or CeO2) and ZrO2. A catalyst (10-NiSO4/1-CeO2-ZrO2) containing 10 wt % NiSO4 and 1 mole % CeO2, and calcined at 600 C exhibited a maximum catalytic activity for ethylene dimerization. The catalytic activities were correlated with the acidity of catalysts measured by the ammonia chemisorption method. The role of CeO2 was to form a thermally stable solid solution with zirconia and consequently to give high surface area, thermal stability and acidity of the sample.