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만성 신부전 환자에서 인산염(Phosphate)을 함유한 완하제 사용 후 발생한 급성 고인산혈증과 그에 따른 저칼슘혈증 2예
조혜진,김종수,임병국,황재철,최운정,조현경,최정현,신규태,최영일,김흥수 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.2
Oral or rectal sodium phosphate(NaP) preparation is commonly used for the colonic cleansing. Since the sole route of excretion of absorbed phosphate is renal, diminished renal function will limit the ability to excrete a sudden phosphate load. To date, about 20 adult cases of hyerphosphatemia associated with oral or rectal sodium phosphate solution have been reported, but not a single case in Korea to our knowledge. We report two cases of hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia after the administration of NaP(Colclean^(ⓡ)) to reemphasizes the potential hazard of sodium phosphate bowel preparation in patients with compromised renal function. (Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(2):327-331)
Towards a Strategic Approaches in Alternative Tests for Pesticide Safety
Yoonjeong Jang,Ji-Eun Kim,Sang-Hee Jeong,Myung-Haing Cho 한국독성학회 2014 Toxicological Research Vol.30 No.3
Pesticides have provided significant benefits including plant disease control and increased crop yields since people developed and utilized them. However, pesticide use is associated with many adverse effects, which necessitate precise toxicological tests and risk assessment. Most of these methods are based on animal studies, but considerations of animal welfare and ethics require the development of alternative methods for the evaluation of pesticide toxicity. Although the usage of laboratory animals is inevitable in scientific evaluation and alternative approaches have limitations in the whole coverage, continuous effort is necessary to minimize animal use and to develop reliable alternative tests for pesticide evaluation. This review discusses alternative approaches for pesticide toxicity tests and hazard evaluation that have been used in peer-reviewed reports and could be applied in future studies based on the critical animal research principles of reduction, replacement, and refinement.
UNIX 상에서의 오버헤드가 적은 실시간 침입 탐지 시스템
김윤정(Yoonjeong Kim),권문상(Moonsang Kwon),이승원(Seungwon Lee),조유근(Yookun Cho) 한국정보과학회 1998 정보과학회논문지 : 시스템 및 이론 Vol.25 No.9
본 논문에서는 UNIX 상에서 실시간 침입 탐지 기능을 적은 오버헤드로 수행하는 시스템인 TD를 제안한다. TD는 정적으로 동작하는 진단 프로그램 SDT와 동적으로 동작하는 감시 프로그램 SMT의 2 부분으로 구성된다. SDT는 UNlX 시스템의 보안상의 취약 사항을 진단하며, 시스템 관리자는 이 진단 결과에 따라 시스템을 안전한 상태로 재설정할 수 있다. SMT는 사용자가 입력한 명령어가 안전한 상태를 벗어나는지를 실시간으로 감시하는데, 안전한 명령어는 명령어 단위로 감시하고 안전성이 검증되지 않은 명령어는 시스템 콜 단계까지 감시한다. 안전한 명령어란 시스템 디렉토리에 있는 명령어나 시스템 관리자에 의해 생성된 실행 화일 중 수행 과정이나 결과가 장 알려져 있는 것을 말하며, 안전성이 검증 안된 명령어란 v1 등과 같이 수행 도중 관련 인자를 바꿀 수 있는 시스템 명령어나 일반 사용자에 의해 생성된 화일을 말한다. Tcsh을 수정하여 구현한 SMT 프로토타입의 수행을 Sun BSM을 사용하는 침입 탐지 시스템과 비교한 결과, TD 환경에서 프로세스들의 수행 시간이 작음을 확인하였다. TD의 개념은 감사 자료의 축소와 이기종 환경에서의 보안에도 유용하게 이용될 수 있다. This paper presents a low overhead real time intrusion detection system for UNIX. We call this system TD (a low overhead real Time intrusion Detection system for UNIX). TD consists of security diagnosis tool (SDT) and security maintenance tool (SMT). SDT diagnoses the vulnerabilities of UNIX system. System administrator can change the system into a safe state according to the diagnosis of SDT. SMT detects user commands which can threaten the safe state of the system, in real time. The monitoring of SMT is performed in command level for reliable commands and additionally in system call level for unreliable commands. The reliable command resides in system directory or is generated by a system administrator, and its execution process and results are well known. The unreliable command is a system command which has changeable arguments during operation such as vi or is generated by an individual user. Test results of SMT prototype which is implemented by mollifying tcsh show that TD has better performance than existing intrusion detection systems using Sun BSM (Basic Security Module). The concept of TD can be used effectively for audit reduction and for security in heterogeneous network environments.
Towards a Strategic Approaches in Alternative Tests for Pesticide Safety
Jang, Yoonjeong,Kim, Ji-Eun,Jeong, Sang-Hee,Cho, Myung-Haing Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2014 Toxicological Research Vol.30 No.3
Pesticides have provided significant benefits including plant disease control and increased crop yields since people developed and utilized them. However, pesticide use is associated with many adverse effects, which necessitate precise toxicological tests and risk assessment. Most of these methods are based on animal studies, but considerations of animal welfare and ethics require the development of alternative methods for the evaluation of pesticide toxicity. Although the usage of laboratory animals is inevitable in scientific evaluation and alternative approaches have limitations in the whole coverage, continuous effort is necessary to minimize animal use and to develop reliable alternative tests for pesticide evaluation. This review discusses alternative approaches for pesticide toxicity tests and hazard evaluation that have been used in peer-reviewed reports and could be applied in future studies based on the critical animal research principles of reduction, replacement, and refinement.
Trifloxystrobin-induced mitophagy through mitochondrial damage in human skin keratinocytes
Jang, Yoonjeong,Kim, Ji-Eun,Jeong, Sang-Hee,Paik, Min-Kyoung,Kim, Jun Sung,Cho, Myung-Haing JAPANESE SOCIETY OF TOXICOOGICAL SCIENCES 2016 JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.41 No.6
<P>Trifloxystrobin is a strobilurin class fungicide, the mode of action of which is to block the mitochondrial electron transport chain and inhibit energy production in fungi. Although adverse effects have been reported by occupational or environmental exposure of fungicides, the pathophysiological mechanism in human cells remains poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the impact of trifloxystrobin on exposed skin at the cellular organelle level using HaCaT, the human skin keratinocyte cell line. Cells were treated with trifloxystrobin for 48 hr and trifloxystrobin showed detrimental effects on mitochondria evidenced by altered mitochondrial membrane potential and morphology. To identify autophagic degradation of the damaged mitochondria, confocal imaging and Western blotting were performed. Trifloxystrobin induced autophagy-related proteins in HaCaT cells. The mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavenger mitoTEMPO was applied to further explore the mechanism of trifloxystrobinmediated mitophagy in human skin cells. PINK1 and Parkin were overexpressed by trifloxystrobin, and mitoTEMPO alleviated the effects on mitophagy induction. Taken together, our findings indicated that mitochondrial damage and mitophagy may play a role in trifloxystrobin-induced toxicity in human keratinocytes and this could be suggested as a mechanism of cutaneous diseases developed by exposure.</P>
GF(2ⁿ)상에서 병렬 멱승 연산의 프로세서 바운드 향상 기법
김윤정(Yoonjeong Kim),박근수(Kunsoo Park),조유근(Yookun Cho) 한국정보과학회 2000 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.1A
본 논문에서는 정규 기저 표현(normal bases representation)을 갖는 GF(2ⁿ) 상에서의 병렬 멱승 연산에 있어서 2가지의 개선 사항을 기술한다. 첫째는, K를 윈도우 길이로 할 때 라운드가 [log k]+[log[n/k]]로 고정된 경우에 현재까지 알려진 방법보다 더 작은 수의 프로세서를 갖는 방안이다. 둘째는 점근적인(asymptotic) 분석을 통하여 GF(2ⁿ) 상에서의 병렬 멱승 연산이 O(n/log²n)개의 프로세서로 O(log n)라운드에 수행될 수 있음을 보인다. 이것은 프로세서×라운드의 바운드를 O(n/log n)으로 하는 것으로 이전까지 알려졌던 O(n)을 개선한 것이다.