Apoptosis and necroptosis‑inducing effects of arctigenin on nasal septum carcinoma RPMI‑2650 cells in 2D and 3D culture

Yoon‑Jin Lee,Kwan‑Sik Park,Byoung Joon Baek,Kyong‑Ae Lee,Sang‑Han Lee 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.1

Backgrounds Arctigenin derived from the seeds of Arctium lappa Linnaeus is known as an anticancer drug candidate by targeting various pathways involved in anticancer therapy. Methods Using 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid culture systems in nasal septum carcinoma RPMI-2650 cells, the effects of arctigenin and dexamethasone on cell viability, ROS levels, ATP level, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and necroptosis were examined. Results The combination treatment of both compounds induced strong cytotoxicity, accompanied by increases of sub-G0/ G1 peak, annexin V-PE-positive cells, and ROS levels, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and decrease of cellular ATP content. These changes were observed as simultaneous induction of DNA damage, apoptosis, and necroptosis. A series of changes by arctigenin and dexamethasone were efficiently restored by decreasing ROS levels or supplementing ATP. Treatment of 3D spheroids with arctigenin and dexamethasone decreased cell viability in the spheroids, but it was slightly resistant than cells under 2D conditions. In addition, this phenomenon was accompanied by an increase in mediators for both apoptosis and necroptosis. Conclusion Results of this study suggest that the apoptosis and necroptosis-inducing effects of arctigenin are associated with ATP depletion due to oxidative mitochondrial dysfunction.

개화기 한국어 문법 연구사의 고리 맞추기 : Grammaire Coréenne (육필본) 분석을 통하여

윤애선 부산대학교 인문학연구소 2013 코기토 Vol.- No.73

To the French missionaries who entered Korea in the early 19th century, Korean was an exotic language of which the morphological and syntactic structures were far from those of European languages familiar to them. Their missionary work and zeal encouraged them to publish Grammaire Coréenne in 1881, the first qualified Korean Grammar Book describing systematically Korean compared to French or Latin. However, it has been underestimated in the history of Korean grammar, for a couple of reasons. The first generation of Korean grammarians and researchers who did not have enough proficiency in French led some misunderstanding and underestimation. This phenomenon was aggravated in the later generations who could not understand French, thus had to cite the previous work. without consulting the original references. Besides, French researchers did not have good enough knowledge in the history of Korean grammar, and could not correct that phenomenon. An article in 2005 briefly mentioned the existence of a manuscript and inedited version of Grammaire Coréenne, which was supposed to be written in before 1867, but any examination of that version has not yet been made. This article attempts to investigate thoroughly the contents and organization of the manuscript version. Answering to the doubts expressed by some Korean grammarians, our work could reveal the unknown interrelationship between Grammaire Coréenne(1881) and Dallet(1877), and make a new assumption on that interrelationship. 1881년에 발간된 Grammaire Coréenne(인쇄본)은 이질적인 외국어인 한국어를 접하고, 이를 통해 말과 글로 의사소통을 해야 하는 개화기 프랑스 선교사들이 오랫동안 한국어를 관찰하고, 자신들이 알고 있는 프랑스어와 라틴어를 기준으로 하여 비교한 결과를 매우 체계적으로 기술한 완성도 높은 최초의 한국어 문법서이다. 특성이 아주 다른 외국어에 기대어 한국어를 기술하였다는 초기 문법서에 공통으로 나타난 전제적인 오류는 있으나, 그 장점에 비해 한국어 문법사에서 이 책에 관한 평가는 부당할 정도로 부정적인 편이었다. 더욱이, 최근 한국어 연구자들의 프랑스어 해독력이 떨어지고 분과 학문 간 연구물이 소통되지 않은 결과로, 이 책에 관한 평가가 더욱 부정적으로 편향되거나, 1차 자료로서의 중요성이 잊혀, 사실관계가 왜곡되기도 했다. 본고에서는 Grammaire Coréenne(인쇄본)의 초고라고 추정되었으나 지금까지 검토된 적 없는 Grammaire Coréenne(육필본)의 내용과 체제를 상세히 분석함으로써, 그동안 알려지지 않은 Grammaire Coréenne(인쇄본) 및 Dallet(1874)와의 상호 관계를 규명하고 새로운 추정을 할 수 있었다. 또한, 한국어학계에서 제기했던 Grammaire Coréenne(인쇄본)에 대한 몇 가지 의문점을 해결할 수 있었다

고등학생과 대학생의 기체의 성질에 관한 오개념 비교

윤회정,우애자 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2007 교과교육학연구 Vol.11 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 고등학생과 대학생의 기체의 확산과 온도변화에 따른 부피변화에 대한 개념을 살펴보고, 학생들이 가지고 있는 오개념의 종류와 학년 간에 나타나는 오개념의 차이점을 조사하는 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 전반적으로 대학생은 고등학생에 비하여 기체의 성질을 올바르게 이해하고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 대학생의 경우 학년에 따른 이해도 차이는 거의 없는 것으로 보인다. 대학생은 고등학생보다 적은 종류의 오개념을 가지고 있는데 이는 학습을 통하여 일부 오개념이 수정되기 때문으로 판단된다. 기체에 관한 입자적 수준에서의 이해에 대한 부족으로 생긴 오개념은 학습에 의해 일부 올바른 개념으로 전환되기도 하지만 고등학생과 대학생에게 공통적으로 나타나는 것으로 보아 쉽게 수정되는 것은 아님을 알 수 있다. 또한 학생들은 수업에서 많이 사용되는 익숙한 내용의 문항에는 공식이나 암기한 지식들을 그대로 이용하여 설명하는 경향이 있고, 이런 경향은 고등학생들보다 대학생들에게 더 많이 나타난다.

특수고용노동자의 근로자성과 입법의 방향

윤애림 서강대학교 법학연구소 2004 서강법학 Vol.6 No.-

집단적 노동관계법에서 사용자 책임의 확대 : 간접고용을 중심으로

윤애림 한국노동법학회 2004 노동법학 Vol.0 No.19

In the multilateral employment relations such as temporary work or employee-dispatching, there are plural employers(the user- employer and the supplier-employer) at the same time. In indirect employment relations the temporary workers have relations with both the supplier-employer and the user-employer. In general it has been argued that the temporary worker has no contract with the user-employer and the user employer has no liability of employer This. legal structure of temporary work make employers evade the liability of employer easily The judicial precedents have been concentrating on the existence of employment contract between the user-employer and the dispatched worker and Judging the existence of contract by whether the user-employer control a Job "directly and concretely" or not In this viewpoint they can't find the real employment relations in multilateral employment In the respect of collective labor relations, the temporary workers also have relations with both supplier-employer and user-employer. In many cases, the user-employer control the terms and the conditions of employment Also the user-employers infringe the right of collective labor law such as interfering to organize a labor union or terminating the employee dispatching contract Therefore in the relation of temporary work, the liability of employers should not be limited as one of supplier-employers. If the user-employers could control the working conditions and infringe the basic right in the collecrive labor relations, they should be interpreted as employers. Also it is necessary to treat the user-employer as a partyof umfair labor practice.

공포장애의 임상 양상

윤애리 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.4

In this study, the author investigated and discussed the clinical characteristics of 62 phobic patients who were diagnosed by the DSM-Ⅲ criteria and treated at the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Korea from July 1973 to June 1983. The results were as follows; 1. The number of the male patient(34) was more than female(28). The ages of onset of the subjects were largely distributed in the twenties and thirties. The mean ages of onset(±S.D) of male and female patients were 27.0±8.6 and 28.3±8.6 years, respectively. The social phobic piatenst had significantly earlier onset than that of the agoraphobics. 2. The durations of illness were varied from 1 month to 31 years, and the mean durations(±S.D) of male and female were 7.1±5.6 and 4.6±6.0 years, respectively. 3. The majority of the subjects had high academic performance and the mean duration of education was 12.0 years. 4. In the marital status, 39 patients(63.0%) were married. 5. In the ordinal position, the eldest and the youngest were significantly more frequent than the middle in the male patients, but there were no significant difference in the females. 6. Fifteen patients had the family history of psychiatric disorders in which the affective disorders were the most common, and obsessive and histrionic personalities were predominantly seen in the premorbid personality. 7. Thirty-two subjects had experienced the parental deprivation before the age of 13 years, most commonly due to the death of parent. 8. In the clinical subtypes, agoraphobia was 56.5%, social phobia 33.9%, and simple phobia 17.7%. 9. As the phobic objects, fear of the busy street and public transportation were the most common in the agoraphobia, talking in public situation in the social phobia, and height in the simple phobia. 10. Anticipatory anxiety and avoidant behavior as clinical features were seen in all cases, and 36 subjects(58.1%) had experienced panic attack. The degree of avoidant behavior was evaluated as moderate or severe. 11. Anxiety as an associated features was seen in all cases, and depression was seen in 53 subjects(85.5%). 12. As a complication, the abuses of sedatives and minor tranquilizers were seen in 36 patients(58.1%).

아버지-자녀의 의사소통 유형과 자기효능감에 대한 연구 : 초등학생을 중심으로

윤미애,오윤자 한국아동교육학회 2005 아동교육 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 아버지-자녀 의사소통의 유형과 자녀의 자기효능감에 대한 조사를 위하여 초등학생과 그 아버지 198쌍을 대상으로 평균값과 표준표차, t-test와1)aired t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan 검증, Pearson의 적률상관관계로 분석하였다. 결과는 자녀는 아버지를 믿는 정도가 아버지가 자녀를 믿는 정도 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 화가 났을 때 아버지가 모욕감을 준다고 느끼는 경향이 있었다. 자녀의 자기효능감은 자녀 및 아버지의 특성에 따라 어머니의 직업유무와 자녀가 주관적으로 인지한 아버지의 소득수준에 따라 자기효능감이 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 아버지-자녀 의사소통유형과 자녀의 자기효능감과의 관계에서 아버지의 의사소통유형이 기능적일수록 자녀의 자기효능감이 높고 특히, 자기조절효능감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to provide basic information to build up and maintain the pleasant father-adolescent child relationship through functional communication. The analysis of the result executed frequency, percentage, interrelation, T-test, the analysis of one-factor variation and Duncan verification using a statistical program SAS. The results of this study were as follows; 1) The Communication types of adolescent child was not affected by each variables of general properties variables. 2) The Communication types of the father was affected by the general properties variables and it showed that the father had the most functional communications when the child was 10 years old and dysfunctional communications when the child was 12 years old. 3) The adolescent child tended to trust father less than father trust the child, and fathers had tendency to think that they humiliate their children when they were angry. 4) The relationship between self-efficacy level and the father's income level subjectively acknowledged by child or whether the mother had a job was statistically significant. 5) Of sub-categories of self-efficacy and communication types of father, the category of self-confidence and task difficulty was not correlated with communication types of father, and self-control efficacy category had a static correlation with comprehensive and functional communication types of father.

발달적 체육교육 프로그램의 유치원 현장 적용 연구

윤애희 서울여자대학교 1998 아동연구 Vol.2 No.-

[초록 없음]

불어 서법 표현의 담화 기능

윤애선 釜山大學校 1992 人文論叢 Vol.41 No.1

여자체조 종목에서 국가 간 시작 점수(Start Valus)의 완성도

안애정,김윤지 韓國體育大學校 2002 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

To examine completion degree amongst gymnasts from different countries and bonus points acquired by the gymnasts from degree of difficulty based on flow of movements, this study compares gymnasts starting points and acquired points in four different competitions (the long horse, the parallel bars, the balance beam, the floor exercise) among the gymnasts from South Korea, China, Japan, and North Korea, who participated in the Busan Asian Games 2002. The results of this study are as follow: 1. North Korean gymnasts acquired high points in the long horse and the parallel bars, while Chinese gymnasts showed their strength in the balance beam and the floor exercise. Despite the relative higher points acquired in the balance beam and the floor exercise than North Korean gymnasts, South Korean team showed its weakness in long horse and the parallel bars. 2. In the bonus points acquired from flow of movement, Chinese team scored the highest while South Korean team scored the lowest. 3. In comparing the starting points and acquired points among the four competitions, little variations were shown among gymnasts from China Japan. However the variations were high among gymnasts from South and North Korea. 4. North Korean team showed a highest average score in the difference between starting points and acquired points in four competitions. A few suggestions can be made in order to improve the performance of Korean gymnasts based on the analysis of this study. The statistically low scores in bonus points acquired in flow of movements indicate that there is a room for improvements in developing new techniques and higher degree of difficulty movements. While South Korean gymnasts have equal capability in technical aspects in comparison with Japanese gymnasts, they showed higher degree of difference in starting points and final score. This difference indicates that more practice should be concentrated on mastering the movements to improve the degree of completion. With focused exercises and experiences gained from various International games, good performance by Korean gymnasts can be expected in the upcoming international events, as well as in the 2004 Olympics in Greece.