http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
음란물 접촉과 청소년의 성 가치관의 변화 : 서울 일개 중학교를 중심으로
김가영,김슬기,김지아,박다현,연현숙,오연경,주혜인,차근영 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2011 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.45
This document's purposes are to give basic data in the viewpoint of nursing through investigation on the change of teenager's sexual values resulted from pornography experience. 150 middle school boy students who were in first, second and third grade were surveyed. Investigated place is limited only one school which is located in Seoul city. 123 Data was available among the 150 surveyed data. Collected data are statistically processed using SPSS program. To verify the reliability, Cronbach'a was applied and analysed using t- test, ANOVA. In short, the main results of this survey are as follows. 1. The general characteristics of surveyed students: Most of surveyed students were middle school 3rdgrade(42.5%) who had computer at their room ranked first (47.2%). The average using time of internet was more than 2 hours (35.4%, the highest rate). 76.6% of surveyed students answered that they had experience of watching the pornography. 2. 53.1% of surveyed students, which is the highest ratio, experienced pornography before they entered middle school. The curiosity rank first (57.%) about the question why they watch pornography. In case of students who had no experiences of pornography answered that they didn't watch pornography because they had no concern on pornography (51.6%). 3. On sexual values, the average scores of pornography non-experienced (3.77±0.46, full score: 5..0) are higher than those of pornography-experienced (3.53±0.51), showing statically significant difference against pornography -experienced group. 4. Findings of sexual values scores on general characteristics were as follows; The higher in grades, the lower in scores. Top-graded students gained higher scores of sexual values than low graded students showing statistically significant difference in both case of characteristics.
알파술폰 고급지방산 폴리에틸렌글리콘 에스테르류의 계면물성
윤영균,남기대,김진현,연영흠 한국유화학회 1998 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.2
All the surface activities including surface tension, foaming power, foam stability, emulsifying power, dispersion effect, and detergency were measured and critical micelle concentration(cmc) was evaluated in dilute aqueous solution. The cmc evaluated by the Ring method was 10^-3∼10^-4mol/L in case of monoesters, and 10^-3∼5.0×10^-5mol/L in case of diesters, respectively. Surface tension of the aqueous solution was decreased to 45∼50dyne/㎝, showing the tendency that the ability of lowering the surface tension was dependent on increasing of carbon atom number in alkyl chain. Foaming power of all the monoesters was better than that of diesters. while foam stability of diesters was to the contrary. Emulsifying power of soybean oil or benzene was specially expected to be good for emulsifiers in industrial application fields. HLB values of monoesters and diesters evaluated by Griffin's method were in the range of 8 to 12. Dispersion property of ferric oxide was stable in the range of 4.5×10^-5∼5.0×10^-4mol/L in case of monoesters, and 10^-5∼10^-4mol/L in case of diesters.
재래돼지 Melanocortin Receptor 1(MCIR)의 변이에 관한 연구
한재용,정일정,김태헌,윤두학,연성흠,최봉환,노환국,김남순,이화진 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.3
The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene is the major candidate gene for coat color in pig since it is assumed to be controlled by an allele at the Extension (E) locus. A 702 by fragments of the MC1R gene were amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced from 6 heads of Korean native pig. Of them, 4 pigs possessed allele#2 which is associated with black coat color in pig, the others had allele#1 which revealed a unique allele in European wild boar reported by Kijas et al. (1998). PCR-RFLP was carried out to observe their alleles from 6 different pig breeds including Korean native pig, Berkshire, Duroc, Landrace, Large White, and Meishan pig. Two pairs of primers were designed for amplifying the MC1R gene fragment corresponding to five polymorphic sites. PCR products were digested 5 different restriction enzymes. Nsp I , MspA 1 I , Rca I , Hha I and Acc II , and electrophoresed in 2.5% Metaphor agarose gel. All breeds except for Korean native and Meishan breeds were the same alleles reported by Kijas et al. (1998). Of 9 Meishan pigs tested in this study, 4 heads possessed the same allele, 5 heads were different alleles reported by Kijas et al. (1998). A total of 15 different alleles revealed in Korean native pig. The results of this study strongly suggest that black coat color in Korean native breed was associated with a constitutively active receptor at codon 99 (L99P).
터널환기 무창육계사의 분진크기별 분포와 배출농도에 관한 연구
최희철,연규영,송준익,강희설,권두중,유용희,양창범,천상석,김용국,Choi, H.C.,Yeon, G.Y.,Spmg, J.I.,Kang, H.S.,Kwon, D.J.,Yoo, Y.H.,Yang, C.B.,Chun, S.S.,Kim, Y.K. 한국축산환경학회 2006 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.12 No.3
본 연구는 터널환기 무창육계사의 계사내부의 위치별 먼지 농도 분포와 배기홴에서 배출된 먼지의 확산범위를 알아보고자 수행하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 입기구 방향의 계사 1/4 지점의 먼지농도는 TSP의 경우 $301.0{\sim}1,366.0\;{\mu}g/m^3$으로 입기구의 위치에 따라 차이가 있었다. 2. 터널홴 앞 3m 지점에서는 TSP $2065.8{\sim}3,092.2\;{\mu}g/m^3$, PM 2.5 $27.6{\sim}36.3\;{\mu}g/m^3$, PM 1.0 $8.3{\sim}11.3\;{\mu}g/m^3$으로 입기구에 비하여 증가하였다. 3. 배기홴으로부터 3m의 지점의 먼지 배출량은 TSP $354.8{\sim}574.8\;{\mu}g/m^3$으로 매우 높았으며 PM10 $94.4{\sim}156.2\;{\mu}g/m^3$, PM2.5 $14.6{\sim}18.0\;{\mu}g/m^3$, PM1.0 $6.0{\sim}6.4\;{\mu}g/m^3$ 이었다. 4. 배기홴으로부터 50m 떨어진 지점에서의 분진농도는 TSP $25.1\;{\mu}g/m^3$, PM10 $8.8\;{\mu}g/m^3$, PM2.5 $5.6\;{\mu}g/m^3$, PM1.0 $4.9\;{\mu}g/m^3$으로 매우 낮은 분진농도를 보였다. 5. 입기구와 배기구 간 분진농도의 차이는 TSP의 경우 입기구에서 $317.9\;{\mu}g/m^3$인데 비하여 배기구는 $2,678.5\;{\mu}g/m^3$로 8.42배 높았으며 PM10 7.4배, PM2.5 3.4배, PM1.0 1.6배 높았다. 6. 배기홴으로부터 거리별 분진의 배출농도는 3m 지점에서 $446.6\;{\mu}g/m^3$ 이었으나 20 m 지점에서는 $156.3\;{\mu}g/m^3$로 34.9% 수준이었고 PM10 34.9%, PM2.5 48.7%, PM1.0 86.8% 수준이었다. This study investigated the spatial distribution of dust originating from tunnel-ventilated windowless broiler building measuring 12 m wide, 61 m long, with a side wall height of 3 m and a capacity of 16,982 birds. Dust concentrations in terms of total suspended particles (TSP), and particulate matter of sizes $10\;{\mu}m$(PM10), $2.5\;{\mu}m$(PM2.5), and $1\;{\mu}m(PM1)$ were measured at 30 minutes interval by using GRIMM Aerosol Monitor (GRIMM AEROSOL). The spatial distribution of dust showed the lower dust concentration in the inlet than in the outlet of the tunnel ventilation, and dust concentration decreasing as the dust size decreased, as follows: $317.9\;{\mu}g/m^3$ TSP; $74.7{\mu}m/m^3$ PM10; $9.7\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM2.5; and $6.2\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM1 in the inlet; and $2,678.5\;{\mu}g/m^3$ TSP; $555.5\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM10; $33.3\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM2.5; and $10.2\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM1 in the outlet. The dust concentration emitted from the tunnel ventilated fan was $446.6\;{\mu}g/m^3$ TSP; $129.1\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM10; $15.8\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM2.5; and $6.1\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM1 in the 3 meters from the fan and $25.1\;{\mu}g/m^3$ TSP; $8.8\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM10; $5.6\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM2.5; and $4.9\;{\mu}g/m^3$ PM1 in the 50 meters from the fan.
최희철,연규영,송준익,강희설,권두중,유용희,바로가,양창범,천상석,김용국,Choi H. C.,Yeon G. Y.,Song J. I.,Kang H. S.,Kwon D. J.,Yoo Y. H.,Barroga A. J.,Yang C. B.,Chun S. S.,Kim Y. K. 한국축산환경학회 2005 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.11 No.3
본 연구는 무창육계사의 계절별 먼지 농도와 계사 먼지의 특성을 알아보고자 경기 화성 소재 육계농장의 무창계사에서 시험을 수행하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 1 여름철 무창육계사의 주령별 먼지농도는 TSP의 경우 1주령 1,229, 2주령 904.5, 3주령 558.8 그리고 4주령시 $1,053{\mu}g/m^3$이었다. 2. 겨울철에는 주령이 경과함에 따라 급격히 증가하는 경향이었으며, TSP의 경우 1주령시 465.4, 2주령시 1,401, 3주령시 4,497, 4주령시 5,097 그리고 5주령시 $6,873{\mu}g/m^3$이었다. 3. 겨울철 5주령시 최대 TSP량은 $11,132{\mu}g/m^3$을 보여 노출기준에 비하여 매우 높게 검출되었다. 4. 하루중의 먼지 분포는 여름철의 경우 이른 아침에 높게 나타났으며 환기량이 많은 오후에 최소량이 검출되었다 그러나 겨울철에는 이른 아침에 낮은 량이 검출되고 닭의 활동이 많은 오후에 먼지농도가 높게 검출되었다. 5. 먼지 입자 크기 분포에 있어서 숫자 기준으로 하였을 경우에는 $0.05\~0.35{\mu}m$ 크기의 먼지 분포가 높게 나타났으나 용적을 기준으로 하였을 경우에는 $16\~99{\mu}m$의 큰 먼지가 높은 분포를 보였다. 6. 먼지의 조단백질 함량은 DM기준으로 $42.8\~65.2\%$를 보여 급여사료의 조단백질 함량 $20.5\~24.5\%$에 비하여 높았으며 중금속의 경우에도 급여사료에 비하여 높은 농도를 보였다 This study was carried out to investigate the concentration and characteristics of dust originating from windowless broiler building in each season. 12.0m width and 46m tenth with side wall height of 3.0m was investigated and capacity was 12,800 birds at a stock density of 23.2 birds per square meter. Dust concentrations in terms of total suspended particles (TSP), and particulate matter of sizes $10{\mu}m(PM10),\;2.5{\mu}m (PM2.5),\;and\;1{\mu}m(PM1)$ were measured at 30-minute intervals. On the basis of broiler age, the average dust concentration in summer in TSP as follows: 1,229 904.5 558.8 and $1,053{\mu}g/m^3$ on the broilers' first to fourth week of age, respectively. But during winter, the average dust concentration showed an increasing pattern, as follows: 465.4, 1,401, 4,497, 5,097 and $6,873{\mu}g/m^3$ on the broilers' first to fifth week of age, respectively. The maximum dust concentration of $11,132{\mu}g/m^3$ was observed on the fifth week. On a daily basis, the maximum dust concentration during summer was detected in early morning, and the minimum in the afternoon. The aerial dust particle size of $0.05\~0.35{\mu}m$ was the highest in number. But on volume basis, particle size of 16~99 un had the largest percentage in the broiler house. Crude protein of the dust $(42.8\~65.2\%)$, on dry matter basis, was higher than that $(20.5\~24.5\%)$ fed to the broilers. Heavy metal concentration of the dust also had high levels compared with that of the feed.