燐酸 및 加里肥料가 葉煙草의 品質에 미치는 影響 : Nicotine의 含量에 對하여 On the Contents of Nicotine in Tobacco leaves

趙成鎭,禹相圭,金才正,卞珠燮 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1971 煙草硏究 Vol.1 No.-

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of different levels of applied fertilizer quality of leaf-tobacco. It was done at all varying levels of phosphate and potassium fertilizer; S_0 (non-fertilizer plot) ; N:P:K=0:0:0(Kg/10α) S₁ (half an amount plot) ; N:P:K=10:7.5:10(〃) S₂ (Standard plot) ; N:P:K=10:15:20(〃) S₃ (1.5 times plot) ; N:P:K=10:22.5:30(〃) S₄ (2.0times plot) ; N:P:K=10:30:40(〃) Urea was applied as nitrogen, double susperphosrhate of lime as phosphate, potassium sulfate as potash source. The tonal amount of fertilizer was applied as basal dressing per one plant. This experiment was carried out by using a randomized block design with 3 replication. The results obtained in terms of quality are summarized as follows. (1) The Content of P₂O_5, and K₂O in tobacco leaf increased while that of nicotine in tobacco leaf decreased by increasing the amount of phosphate and potassium fertilizer in soil. Negative correlation between them was observed. (2) It seems that increased phosphate and potassium fertilizer levels made boron absorption in soil increase, thereby Nicotine contents decrease. Negative correlation between them was observed (3) S₁ plot showed potassium deficiency. It could be explained on the basis of N/K₂O ratio. It was considered that sufficient amount of phosphate and potassium fertilizer will be needed to ensure the enhancement quality of tobacco leaf.

PET 영상의 잡음개선을 위한 적응적 공간 필터 개발

우상근,최용,임기천,송태용,정진호,이경한,김상은,최연성,박장춘,김병태,Woo, S. K.,Choi, Y.,Im, K. C.,Song, T. Y.,Jung, J. H.,Lee, K. H.,Kim, S. E.,Choe, Y. S.,Park, C. C.,Kim, B. T. 대한의용생체공학회 2002 의공학회지 Vol.23 No.3

양전자방출단층촬영기(Positron emission tomography, PET) 영상 개선을 위하여 적응적 공간 필터를 개발하였으며. 개발한 필터의 성능을 시뮬레이션데이터. 모형 PET 영상과 환자 PET 영상을 이용하여 평가하였다. 경계화소로 검출된 화소와 윈도우내의 모든 화소값이 동일한 화소는 보존하고. 그 외 화소에 대하여 2:7:2 비율로 가중치를 주어 정열한 후 중앙의 9개 화소에 대한 평균값으로 대치하였다. 경계화소를 검출하기 위하여 두 개의 임계값(TH7, TH2)을 이용하였으며. 다음의 조건을 만족하면 경계화소로 판단하였다 . THl ($pix_max{\times}0.1/log_2(NPM)$, NPM :주변값중 최상위 값과 최하위 값을 제외한 주변값들의 평균) 보다 작은 ADs (중앙값과 주변값의 차에 대한 절대값) 개수는 8-k이고. TH2 ($NPM{\times}0.1$) 보다 큰 ADs 개수는 k. 여기서 k는 2, 3 ‥‥ 6의 값을 가진다 성능평가 결과 이 연구에서 제안한 필터가 가우시안 필터, 가중메디안 필터, 부분집합평균메디안 필터 등과 비교하여 우수한 성능을 제공하는 것을 관찰하였다. 본 논문에서 개발한 간단한 적응적 공간 필터는 공간 분해능 저하는 최소화하면서 균일도와 대조도를 향상시키는데 효과적 이여서 정확한 PET 영상 해석에 기여할 것으로 기대된다 A spatially adaptive falter was formulated to imrove PET image qualify and the Performance of the filter was evaluated using simulation and phantom and human PET studies. In the proposed filter. if a pixel was identified as the edge Pixel, the Pixel value was Preserved. Otherwise a Pixel was replaced by the mean of the pixel values weighted by 2:7: 2. A Pixel was identified as the edge Pixel. if it satisfies the following conditions : the number of ADs (absolute difference between center and neighborhood pixels) which is smaller than THl (($pix_max{\times}0.1/log_2(NPM)$, NPM : mean of 6 neighborhood pixels excluding minimum and maximum) is 8-k and the number of ADs which is lager than TH2 ($NPM{\times}0.1$) is k. where k : 2, 3, …, 6. The results of this study demonstrate the superior performance of the Proposed titter compared to Gaussian fitter, weight median filter and subset averaged median filter. The proposed tittering method is simple but effective in increasing uniformity and contrast with minimal degradation of spatial resolution of PET images and thus. is expected to Provide improved diagnositc quality PET images .

Inhibition of TREK-2 K+ channels by PI(4,5)P2: an intrinsic mode of regulation by intracellular ATP via phosphatidylinositol kinase

Woo, J.,Shin, D. H.,Kim, H. J.,Yoo, H. Y.,Zhang, Y. H.,Nam, J. H.,Kim, W. K.,Kim, S. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Pfl ugers Arch Vol.468 No.8

<P>TWIK-related two-pore domain K+ channels 1 and 2 (TREKs) are activated under various physicochemical conditions. However, the directions in which they are regulated by PI(4,5)P-2 and intracellular ATP are not clearly presented yet. In this study, we investigated the effects of ATP and PI(4,5)P-2 on overexpressed TREKs (HEK293T and COS-7) and endogenously expressed TREK-2 (mouse astrocytes and WEHI-231 B cells). In all of these cells, both TREK-1 and TREK-2 currents were spontaneously increased by dialysis with ATP-free pipette solution for whole-cell recording (I-TREK-1,I-w-c and (ITREK-2w-c)) or by membrane excision for inside-out patch clamping without ATP (I-TREK-1,I-i-o and I-TREK-2,I-i-o). Steady state I-TREK-2,I-i-o was reversibly decreased by 3 mM ATP applied to the cytoplasmic side, and this reduction was prevented by wortmannin, a PI-kinase inhibitor. An exogenous application of PI(4,5)P-2 inhibited the spontaneously increased I-TREKs,I-i-o, suggesting that intrinsic PI(4,5)P-2 maintained by intracellular ATP and PI kinase may set the basal activity of TREKs in the intact cells. The inhibition of intrinsic TREK-2 by ATP was more prominent in WEHI-231 cells than astrocytes. Interestingly, unspecific screening of negative charges by poly-L-lysine also inhibited I-TREK-2,I-i-o. Application of PI(4,5)P-2 after the poly-L-lysine treatment showed dose-dependent dual effects, initial activation and subsequent inhibition of I-TREK-2,I-i-o at low and high concentrations, respectively. In HEK293T cells coexpressing TREK-2 and a voltage-sensitive PI(4,5)P-2 phosphatase, sustained depolarization increased I-TREK-2,I-w-c initially (< 5 s) but then decreased the current below the control level. In HEK293T cells coexpressing TREK-2 and type 3 muscarinic receptor, application of carbachol induced transient activation and sustained suppression of I-TREK-2,I-w-c and cell-attached ITREK-2. The inhibition of TREK-2 by unspecific electrostatic quenching, extensive dephosphorylation, or sustained hydrolysis of PI(4,5)P-2 suggests the existence of dual regulatory modes that depend on PI(4,5)P-2 concentration.</P>

Endogenous conversion of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuates K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis in fat-1 mice

Woo, S.J.,Lim, K.,Park, S.Y.,Jung, M.Y.,Lim, H.S.,Jeon, M.G.,Lee, S.I.,Park, B.H. Butterworths ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 The Journal of nutritional biochemistry Vol.26 No.7

It is suggested that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can be used in the preventive or therapeutic management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, controversial results have been reported. Here, we examined the effects of a decrease in the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on RA using fat-1 transgenic mice. First, we tested whether fat-1 expression modulated signaling pathways in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) stimulated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). TNF-α activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and increased phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in wild type (WT) FLSs but not in fat-1 FLSs. Arthritis was induced by injection of K/BxN serum. Based on clinical scores, ankle thickness and pathological severity, we showed that WT mice developed clinically overt arthritis, whereas fat-1 mice showed attenuated arthritis. Moreover, fat-1 mice exhibited down-regulated local and systemic levels of inflammatory cytokines. Lastly, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) of WT mice differentiated into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated osteoclasts, whereas the osteoclastogenenic process was suppressed in BMMs of fat-1 mice. The endogenous conversion of n-6 to n-3 PUFAs via fat-1 plays a key role in attenuation of RA; therefore, dietary supplementation of n-3 PUFAs may have therapeutic potential for the management of RA.

Single-stranded DNA aptamer that specifically binds to the influenza virus NS1 protein suppresses interferon antagonism

Woo, H.M.,Kim, K.S.,Lee, J.M.,Shim, H.S.,Cho, S.J.,Lee, W.K.,Ko, H.W.,Keum, Y.S.,Kim, S.Y.,Pathinayake, P.,Kim, C.J.,Jeong, Y.J. Elsevier/North-Holland 2013 Antiviral research Vol.100 No.2

Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the influenza A virus (IAV) inhibits the host's innate immune response by suppressing the induction of interferons (IFNs). Therefore, blocking NS1 activity can be a potential strategy in the development of antiviral agents against IAV infection. In the present study, we selected a single-stranded DNA aptamer specific to the IAV NS1 protein after 15 cycles of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) procedure and examined the ability of the selected aptamer to inhibit the function of NS1. The selected aptamer binds to NS1 with a K<SUB>d</SUB> of 18.91+/-3.95nM and RNA binding domain of NS1 is determined to be critical for the aptamer binding. The aptamer has a G-rich sequence in the random sequence region and forms a G-quadruplex structure. The localization of the aptamer bound to NS1 in cells was determined by confocal images, and flow cytometry analysis further demonstrated that the selected aptamer binds specifically to NS1. In addition, luciferase reporter gene assay, quantitative RT-PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) experiments demonstrated that the selected aptamer had the ability to induce IFN-β by suppressing the function of NS1. Importantly, we also found that the selected aptamer was able to inhibit the viral replication without affecting cell viability. These results indicate that the selected ssDNA aptamer has strong potential to be further developed as a therapeutic agent against IAV.

Synthesis and characterization of ampelopsin glucosides using dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1299CB4: Glucosylation enhancing physicochemical properties

Woo, H.J.,Kang, H.K.,Nguyen, T.T.H.,Kim, G.E.,Kim, Y.M.,Park, J.S.,Kim, D.,Cha, J.,Moon, Y.H.,Nam, S.H.,Xia, Y.m.,Kimura, A.,Kim, D. IPC Science and Technology Press ; Elsevier Scienc 2012 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.51 No.6

Novel ampelopsin glucosides (AMPLS-Gs) were enzymatically synthesized and purified using a Sephadex LH-20 column. Each structure of the purified AMPLS-Gs was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance, and the ionic product of AMPLS-G1 was observed at m/z 505 (C<SUB>21</SUB>H<SUB>22</SUB>O<SUB>13</SUB>.Na)<SUP>+</SUP> using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. AMPLS-G1 was identified as ampelopsin-4'-O-α-d-glucopyranoside. The optimum condition for AMPLS-G1, determined using response surface methodology, was 70mM ampelopsin, 150mM sucrose, and 1U/mL dextransucrase, which resulted in an AMPLS-G1 yield of 34g/L. The purified AMPLS-G1 displayed 89-fold increased water solubility and 14.5-fold browning resistance compared to those of AMPLS and competitive inhibition against tyrosinase with a K<SUB>i</SUB> value of 40.16μM. This value was smaller than that of AMPLS (K<SUB>i</SUB>=62.56μM) and much smaller than that of β-arbutin (K<SUB>i</SUB>=514.84μM), a commercial active ingredient of whitening cosmetics. These results indicate the potential of AMPLS and AMPLS-G1 as superior ingredients for functional cosmetics.

複合 抗指肝劑에 關한 硏究 (第2報)

沈應基,李圭松,全性文,李吉哲,禹濟昇,李啓胄 國立保健硏究院 1971 국립보건연구원보 Vol.8 No.-

Does HRCT Pattern Influence the Effect of Nintedanib in Patients with Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs)?

( Jin Woo Song ),( Kevin K Brown ),( Simon Lf Walsh ),( Anand Devaraj ),( Wim A Wuyts ),( Claudia Valenzuela ),( Rainer-georg Goeldner ),( Susanne Stowasser ),( Rozsa Schlenker-herceg ),( Athol U Well 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.-

Background Several studies have suggested that the progression of fibrosing ILDs is more rapid in patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern on HRCT. In the INBUILD trial, nintedanib slowed the rate of decline in FVC in subjects with fibrosing ILDs and a progressive phenotype. We assessed the effect of nintedanib in subgroups by HRCT pattern at baseline. Methods In the INBUILD trial, subjects (n=663) with a progressive fibrosing ILD were randomized to receive nintedanib or placebo. Randomization was stratified by HRCT pattern (UIP-like fibrotic pattern or other fibrotic patterns) based on central review. In pre-specified analyses, we assessed the effects of nintedanib in subgroups of subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern and other fibrotic patterns on HRCT at baseline. Results At baseline, 62.1% of total subjects had a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT. In subjects who received placebo, the adjusted mean annual rate (SE) of decline in FVC was -209.2 (19.1) mL/year in subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT and -155.4 (23.6) mL/year in subjects with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT. The difference between the nintedanib and placebo groups in the annual rate of decline in FVC was 127.8 (95% CI: 74.3, 181.2) mL/year in subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT and 75.4 (95% CI: 9.5, 141.4) mL/year in subjects with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT (treatment-by-subgroup-by-time interaction p=0.23) (Table). The effects of nintedanib vs placebo on change from baseline in K-BILD questionnaire total score at week 52, time to acute exacerbation of ILD or death over 52 weeks, and time to death over 52 weeks between the subgroups by HRCT pattern are shown in the Table. Conclusions In the INBUILD trial, the effect of nintedanib on slowing the rate of FVC decline was consistent regardless of fibrotic pattern on HRCT.

제주도에서 사육되는 마의 질병과 기생충 감염에 관한 연구

이경갑,정종태,우호춘,김희석,양기천,김승호 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 1995 動物科學論叢 Vol.10 No.1

The disease mobility and parasitic infection, and normal blood biochemistry values were investigated in Cheju horse. The ratio of the diseased horse was 23.3% in 1992 and 25.2% in 1993. The disease incidences of the digestive system, the respiratory system and the traumatic disease were 14.3%, 5.6% and 4.7%, respectively in the diseased horses. The rate of parasitic infection was 82.7% in Strongylus vulgaris, and 9.3% in Ascaris equiutn. The rate of bot's eggs on the equine hairs of Gastrophzlus spp. was 100% in the horses and the rate of infected larvae of Gastrophdus spp. was 37.5% in slaughtered horses. In the healthy horses, the values of RBC was 801.1 k79.1 l0^(4)/㎕, WBC was 9,090±1.533/㎕. PCV was 38.8±3.5%, hemoglobin was 13.0±1.5g/l00ml, total protein was 7.2±0.6g/l00ml, fibrinogen was 195.0±80.5mg/l00ml, sorbitol dehydrogenase was 0.62 ± 0.35IU/L, bilirubin was 2.5±0.5mg/100ml, blood urea nitrogen was 19.1±4.4mg/l00ml, creatinine was 1.1±0.2mg,/l00ml and glucose was 46.3±7.8mg/l00ml.

Nk Cell Activities in Marek`s Disease

Lee, Woo Yong,Sah, R. L.,Pradhan, H. K. 한국수의공중보건학회 1988 예방수의학회지 Vol.12 No.2