Experimental Evaluation of Accelerated T1rho Relaxation Quantification in Human Liver Using Limited Spin-Lock Times

Feng Zhao,Min Deng,Jing Yuan,Gao-Jun Teng,Anil T Ahuja,Yi-Xiang J. Wang 대한영상의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.13 No.6

Objective: It was reported lately that to obtain consistent liver T1rho measurement, at 3T MRI using six spin-lock times (SLTs), is feasible. In this study, the feasibility of using three or two SLT points to measure liver T1rho relaxation time was explored. Materials and Methods: Seventeen healthy volunteers underwent 36 examinations. Three representative axial slices were selected to cut through the upper, middle, and lower liver. A rotary echo spin-lock pulse was implemented in a 2D fast field echo sequence. Spin-lock frequency was 500 Hz and the spin-lock times of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 milliseconds (ms) were used for T1rho mapping. T1rho maps were constructed by using all 6 SLT points, three SLT points of 1, 20, and 50 ms, or two SLTs of 1 and 50 ms, respectively. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland and Altman plot were used to assess the measurement agreement. Results: Two examinations were excluded, due to motion artifact at the SLT of 50 ms. With the remaining 34 examinations, the ICC for 6-SLT vs. 3-SLT T1rho measurements was 0.922, while the ICC for 6-SLT vs. 2-SLT T1rho measurement was 0.756. The Bland and Altman analysis showed a mean difference of 0.19 (95% limits of agreement: -1.34, 1.73) for 6-SLT vs. 3-SLT T1rho measurement, and the mean difference of 0.89 (95% limits of agreement: -1.67, 3.45) for 6-SLT vs. 2-SLT T1rho measurement. The scan re-scan reproducibility ICC (n = 11 subjects) was 0.755, 0.727, and 0.528 for 6-SLT measurement, 3-SLT measurement, and 2-SLT measurement, respectively. Conclusion: Adopting 3 SLTs of 1, 20, and 50 ms can be an acceptable alternative for the liver T1rho measurement, while 2 SLTs of 1 and 50 ms do not provide reliable measurement. Objective: It was reported lately that to obtain consistent liver T1rho measurement, at 3T MRI using six spin-lock times (SLTs), is feasible. In this study, the feasibility of using three or two SLT points to measure liver T1rho relaxation time was explored. Materials and Methods: Seventeen healthy volunteers underwent 36 examinations. Three representative axial slices were selected to cut through the upper, middle, and lower liver. A rotary echo spin-lock pulse was implemented in a 2D fast field echo sequence. Spin-lock frequency was 500 Hz and the spin-lock times of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 milliseconds (ms) were used for T1rho mapping. T1rho maps were constructed by using all 6 SLT points, three SLT points of 1, 20, and 50 ms, or two SLTs of 1 and 50 ms, respectively. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland and Altman plot were used to assess the measurement agreement. Results: Two examinations were excluded, due to motion artifact at the SLT of 50 ms. With the remaining 34 examinations, the ICC for 6-SLT vs. 3-SLT T1rho measurements was 0.922, while the ICC for 6-SLT vs. 2-SLT T1rho measurement was 0.756. The Bland and Altman analysis showed a mean difference of 0.19 (95% limits of agreement: -1.34, 1.73) for 6-SLT vs. 3-SLT T1rho measurement, and the mean difference of 0.89 (95% limits of agreement: -1.67, 3.45) for 6-SLT vs. 2-SLT T1rho measurement. The scan re-scan reproducibility ICC (n = 11 subjects) was 0.755, 0.727, and 0.528 for 6-SLT measurement, 3-SLT measurement, and 2-SLT measurement, respectively. Conclusion: Adopting 3 SLTs of 1, 20, and 50 ms can be an acceptable alternative for the liver T1rho measurement, while 2 SLTs of 1 and 50 ms do not provide reliable measurement.

Development of A Chimeric Antigen Receptor Targeting C-Type Lectin-Like Molecule-1 for Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Laborda, Eduardo,Mazagova, Magdalena,Shao, Sida,Wang, Xinxin,Quirino, Herlinda,Woods, Ashley K.,Hampton, Eric N.,Rodgers, David T.,Kim, Chan Hyuk,Schultz, Peter G.,Young, Travis S. MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.11

<P>The treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with targeted immunotherapy is challenged by the heterogeneity of the disease and a lack of tumor-exclusive antigens. Conventional immunotherapy targets for AML such as CD33 and CD123 have been proposed as targets for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T-cells (CAR-T-cells), a therapy that has been highly successful in the treatment of B-cell leukemia and lymphoma. However, CD33 and CD123 are present on hematopoietic stem cells, and targeting with CAR-T-cells has the potential to elicit long-term myelosuppression. C-type lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL1 or CLEC12A) is a myeloid lineage antigen that is expressed by malignant cells in more than 90% of AML patients. CLL1 is not expressed by healthy Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs), and is therefore a promising target for CAR-T-cell therapy. Here, we describe the development and optimization of an anti-CLL1 CAR-T-cell with potent activity on both AML cell lines and primary patient-derived AML blasts in vitro while sparing healthy HSCs. Furthermore, in a disseminated mouse xenograft model using the CLL1-positive HL60 cell line, these CAR-T-cells completely eradicated tumor, thus supporting CLL1 as a promising target for CAR-T-cells to treat AML while limiting myelosuppressive toxicity.</P>

A comparative study of single-/two-jet crossflow heat transfer on a circular cylinder

Wang, X.L.,Lee, J.H.,Lu, T.J.,Song, S.J.,Kim, T. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER - Vol.78 No.-

This study presents thermo-fluidic characteristics on a circular cylinder subject to the impingement of single-/two-counter jets in crossflow. For a fixed circular jet diameter (D<SUB>j</SUB>), the diameter of a target cylinder (D) varies, D/D<SUB>j</SUB>=2.5, 5.0, and 10.0. Two separate scenarios are considered and compared; at a fixed jet Reynolds number, Re<SUB>j</SUB>=20,000 and at a fixed total mass flow rate. Results demonstrate that laminar to turbulent transition occurs on a fore cylinder surface which contributes significantly to overall heat transfer. However, it occurs only if the target cylinder is positioned inside the potential core of each jet and only if enough spacing (T) between the jets which is determined by the diameter ratio (D/D<SUB>j</SUB>) as T=πD/2, is ensured. With small spacing, a reverse flow region formed between the jets (=πD/4) suppresses the occurrence of the transition. For a fixed jet Reynolds number, the added second jet improves local heat transfer only on the rear cylinder surface whereas the fore cylinder surface is essentially unaffected by the second jet. For a fixed total flow rate, the single impinging jet removes substantially more heat than that achievable by the two-counter jets in the present D/D<SUB>j</SUB> ranges.

Energy and Ileal Digestible Amino Acid Concentrations for Growing Pigs and Performance of Weanling Pigs Fed Fermented or Conventional Soybean Meal

Wang, Y.,Lu, W.Q.,Li, D.F.,Liu, X.T.,Wang, H.L.,Niu, S.,Piao, X.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.5

A new strategy of co-inoculating Bacillus subtilis MA139 with Streptococcus thermophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to produce fermented soybean meal (FSBM). Three experiments were conducted to determine the concentration of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) (Exp. 1), apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) (Exp. 2), and feeding value (Exp. 3) of FSBM produced by this new strategy (NFSB) compared with soybean meal (SBM) and conventionally available FSBM (Suprotein). In Exp. 1, twenty-four barrows (initial body weight [BW] of $32.2{\pm}1.7kg$) were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 diets with 6 replicates per diet. A corn basal diet and 3 diets based on a mixture of corn and 1 of 3 soybean products listed above were formulated and the DE and ME contents were determined by the difference method. The results showed that there were no differences in DE and ME between SBM and either FSBM product (p>0.05). In Exp. 2, eight barrows (initial BW of $26.8{\pm}1.5kg$) were fitted with ileal T-cannulaes and used in a replicated $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Three corn-starch-based diets were formulated using each of the 3 soybean products as the sole source of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was also formulated to measure endogenous losses of AA. The results showed that the SID of all AA except arginine and histidine was similar for NFSB and SBM (p>0.05), but Suprotein had greater (p<0.05) SID of most AA except lysine, aspartate, glycine and proline than NFSB. In Exp. 3, a total of 144 piglets (initial BW of $8.8{\pm}1.2$ kg) were blocked by weight and fed 1 of 4 diets including a control diet with 24% SBM as well as diets containing 6% and 12% NFSB or 12% Suprotein added at the expense of SBM. During d 15 to 28, replacing SBM with 6% NFSB significantly improved average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.05) for nursery piglets. During the overall experiment, ADG of piglets fed diets containing 6% NFSB was significantly greater (p<0.05) than that of piglets fed SBM. In conclusion, fermentation with the new strategy did not affect the energy content or the AID and the SID of AA in SBM. However, inclusion of 6% NFSB in diets fed to nursery piglets improved performance after weaning likely as a result of better nutritional status and reduced immunological challenge.

Non-monotonic magnetoresistance in an AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor structure in the ballistic region

Wang, Yi-Ting,Woo, Tak-Pong,Lo, S.-T.,Kim, Gil-Ho,Liang, Chi-Te Korean Physical Society 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.10

In this report, we will discuss the nonmonotonic magnetoresistance (MR) in an AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) in a perpendicular magnetic field B in the ballistic region (kBT tau/A < 1) and in the weakly-disordered limit (kFl = 159 a parts per thousand << 1), where kB, T, tau, A , k F, and l represent the Boltzmann constant, temperature, elastic scattering time, reduced Planck constant, Fermi wave vector and mean free path, respectively. The MR shows a local maximum between the weak localization (WL) and the Shubnikov-de Haas regions. In the low magnetic field regime, the quantum correction to the conductivity is proportional to T (-3/2), which is consistent with a recent theory [T. A. Sedrakyan, and M. E. Raikh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 106806 (2008)]. According to our results, as the temperature is increased, the position of the MR maximum in B increases. These results cannot be explained by present theories. Moreover, in the high-magnetic-field regime, neither the magnetic and nor the temperature dependences of the observed MR is consistent with present theories. We, therefore, suggest that while some features of the observed nonmonotonic MR can be successfully explained, further experimental and theoretical studies are necessary to obtain a thorough understanding of the MR effects.

Robust Magnetic Order of Ce 4f-electrons Coexisting with Superconductivity in CeFeAsO1−xFx

T. Shang,L. Jiao,J. Dai,H. Q. Yuan,F. F. Balakirev,W. Z. Hu,N. L. Wang 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

The electrical resistance of CeFeAsO1−xFx (x = 0.06 and 0.08) has been measured in magneticfields up to 40 T. At zero field, the sample with x = 0.06 shows a structural phase transition aroundTS 100 K, followed by a spin-density-wave (SDW) transition around TSDW 30 K. For x =0.08, the structural phase transition is suppressed down to TS 60 K without a clear anomalyassociated with the Fe-SDW transition, and superconductivity shows up at TC 25 K. At lowertemperatures, both samples show a clear resistive peak around TN 4 K, which is associated withthe antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition of Ce 4f-electrons. Strikingly, zero resistance is recoveredupon a further lowering of the temperature to below TN for x = 0.08. Moreover, we found thatthe AFM transition of Ce 4f-electrons at 4 K hardly change when a magnetic field of up to 40 Twas applied. This was true even in the case of x = 0.08, for which the superconductivity had beenpartially suppressed at such a large field.

Differential cross section and photon-beam asymmetry for the <tex> $ \vec {\gamma }p\rightarrow \pi ^{+}n$</tex> reaction at forward <tex> $ \pi ^{+}$</tex> angles at <tex> $ E_{\gamma }=1.5$</tex> -2.95 GeV

Kohri, H.,Wang, S. Y.,Shiu, S. H.,Chang, W. C.,Yanai, Y.,Ahn, D. S.,Ahn, J. K.,Chen, J. Y.,Daté,, S.,Ejiri, H.,Fujimura, H.,Fujiwara, M.,Fukui, S.,Gohn, W.,Hicks, K.,Hosaka, A.,Hotta, T.,Hwang, American Physical Society 2018 Physical review. C Vol.97 No.1

<P>Differential cross sections and photon-beam asymmetries for the (gamma) over right arrowp -> pi(+) n reaction have been measured for 0.6 < cos theta(pi) < 1 and E-gamma = 1.5-2.95 GeV at SPring-8/LEPS. The cross sections monotonically decrease as the photon beam energy increases for 0.6 < cos theta(pi) < 0.9. However, the energy dependence of the cross sections for 0.9 < cos theta(pi) < 1 and E-gamma = 1.5-2.2 GeV (W = 1.9-2.2 GeV) is different, which may be due to a nucleon or Delta resonance. The present cross sections agree well with the previous cross sections measured by other groups and show forward peaking, suggesting significant t-channel contributions in this kinematical region. The asymmetries are found to be positive, which can be explained by rho exchange in the t channel. Large positive asymmetries in the small-vertical bar t vertical bar region, where the rho-exchange contribution becomes small, could be explained by introducing p-exchange interference with the s channel.</P>

Phase Stability, Band Gap, and Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Quaternary Heusler alloys FeMnScZ (Z = Al, Ga, In)

Y. C. Gao,Y. Zhang,X. T. Wang 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.6

By using the first-principles calculations, we have systematically investigated the phase stability,band gap, and electronic structures and magnetic properties of quaternary Heusler alloys FeMnScZ(Z = Al, Ga, In). We found that FeMnScZ (Z = Al, Ga, In) alloys are half-metallic ferrimagnetsat their equilibrium lattice constants and retain a high spin polarization over a quite wide rangeof lattice distortions. The half-metallic band gap in the FeMnScZ (Z = Al, Ga, In) alloys arisesfrom t1u-t2g splitting but not eu-t1u splitting. The total magnetic moments are 3 μB per unit cellfor FeMnScZ (Z = Al, Ga, In) alloys, following the Slater−Pauling rule with the total number ofvalence electrons minus 18 rather than 24. Moreover, all of these alloys have a negative formationenergy, which implies that they can be synthesized experimentally.

Milk Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Profile and Metabolic Responses of Dairy Cows Fed with High-temperature-micro-time (HTMT) Treated Diets Containing High Quantity Extruded Soybean (ESB)

Lee, H.G.,Hong, Z.S.,Wang, J.H.,Xu, C.X.,Jin, Y.C.,Kim, T.K.,Kim, Y.J.,Song, M.K.,Choi, Yun.-Jaei Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.11

A feeding trial was conducted to examine the effect of high-temperature-micro-time (HTMT) processing of diets containing extruded soybean (ESB) in high quantity on milk fat production, metabolic responses, and the formation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-vaccenic acid (TVA). Twenty-one multiparous Holstein cows in mid-lactation were blocked according to milk yield in the previous lactation. Cows within each block were randomly assigned to either normal concentrate or HTMT treated diets containing ESB (7.5% HTMT-ESB and 15% HTMT-ESB). It was hypothesized that the HTMT-ESB would affect the undegradable fatty acids in the rumen and, thus, would modify the fatty acid profile of milk fat. Both 7.5% and 15% HTMT-ESB did not affect milk yield, fat, protein, lactose and solid-not-fat (SNF), but the proportion of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat was significantly increased by these treatments. Content of TVA in milk fat was not affected by HTMT-ESB. The HTMT-ESB influenced the fatty acid profile in milk fat, but there was little difference between 7.5% and 15% of supplementation. HTMT-ESB feeding significantly decreased the concentration of plasma insulin and glucose, while plasma growth hormone (GH), triglyceride (TG), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and HDLcholesterol were increased by 7.5% and 15% ESB-HTMT supplementation in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in plasma LDL-cholesterol, insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1, T3, T4, and leptin concentrations among treatments (p>0.05). The present results showed that cis-9, trans-11 CLA production was increased by HTMT treatment of dietary ESB without reduction of milk fat, and the unchanged milk fat and yield was assumed to be associated with the constant level of thyroid hormones, leptin, and IGF-1.

Bleomycin에 의한 여성 요도암 및 남성 음경암 치험 5례 : 5 Cases Report

유태형,이무상,이진무,왕종순 최신의학사 1978 最新醫學 Vol.21 No.1

Primary carcinoma of the penis is a relatively common disease, but carcinoma of the female urethra is a rare disease comprising 0. 016% of all gynecologic neoplasms. Bleomycin, a new antitumor antibiotic elaborated by Streptomyces verticillus, have shown the efficacy against squamous cell carcinoma, and other malignancies. Recently, we have experienced 3 cases of the female urethal carcinoma and 2 cases of the male penile carcinoma. Herein, we presented the above cases treated with Bleomycin and radiation, and then reviewed the literatures.