급냉응고된 Mg-9Al-xCa 합금의 시효특성에 관한 연구

金完哲,朴祉河 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 産業技術 Vol.9 No.-

Mg-Al-Si-Ca alloys were fabricated into the ribbons by rapid solidification using a single-roll melt spinner. The time and temperature effect on age-hardening was investigated for the ribbons with varying Ca contents of 1, 3, 6 and 10 wt%. The behavior of precipitates, phase transitions, and mechanical properties were examined by measurements of micro-hardness, XRD analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. For the case of 1 hour's isochronal heat treatment, the temperature of 200℃ gave the most significant age hardening effect and the increase in Ca content caused enhanced hardening. In the aging treatment at 200℃, the hardness decreased with the increase in aging time from 1 up to 81 hour. The microstructural analysis for Ca-added sample showed uniformly distributed compounds of Al_4Ca and Al_2Ca, forming coherent precipitates with matrix. When the alloy contains more Ca than the solubility limit, the excess Ca precipitates as Mg_2Ca and an increased hardness is observed.

鹽酸 Chlorpromazine 注射劑의 安定劑에 關한 硏究

李琬夏 成均館大學校 1970 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

向精神藥物과 蟲垂炎 및 麻痺性 腸閉塞에 관한 臨床的 考察

禹幸源,田珍淑 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1982 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.30 No.-

본연구는 임상에서 향정신약물요법을 시행하는 중 이의 항콜린효과(anticholinergic effect)로 인해 병발한 복부증상중 충수염과 마비성장폐색에 관해 연구하였다. 정신과 환자들은 질환자체증상인 무관심과 치료약물의 동통완화작용으로 인해 증상호소력이 경미하므로 흔히 진단과 치료의 지연을 초래하게 되고 사망에까지 이를 수 있는 잠재적 위험을 내포하고 있다. 이에 저자는 즉각적인 외과적 치료가 요구되는 향정신약물로 인한 복부 부작용의 증례를 검토하여 이를 조기발견하여 조기치료함으로써 향정신약물로 인한 복부 부작용 증상을 효과적으로 치료 및 예방하는데 주안점을 두어 본 연구를 시도하였다. 저자는 1977년 1월 1일부터 1981년 12월 31일까지 이화여자대학교 부속병원 신경정신과에 입원하여 향정신약물로 치료받은 997예중 충수염과 마비성장폐색이 발병된 26예에 대해서 병록검토 및 문헌고찰을 한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 충수염과 마비성장폐색의 발생은 20대가 13예(53.8%)로서 제일 많았다. 2. 정신과적 진단명은 정신분열병이 14예(53.8%)로서 제일 많았다. 3. 입원횟수와 입원전 약물치료 경험에 있어서는 충수염환자는 1회 입원이 7예(50.0%)로서 제일 많았고 마비성장폐색은 2회 입원이 5예(41.7%)로서 제일 많았고 12예중 9예(75.0%)가 입원전약물 치료 경험이 있었다. 4. 투약에 있어서는 1예(3.8%)는 항정신병제를 단독사용하였고, 25예(96.2%)는 항정신병제, 항우울제, 항파킨손제를 복합사용하였는데 25예중15예(57.7%)는 항정신병제 중에서도 두종류 이상의 phenothiazine과 항파킨손제제가 복합사용되었다. 약물의 용량은 충수염이 마비성장폐색보다 일반적으로 많았다. 5. 발병시기에 있어서는 3∼5주가 10예(38.5%)로서 제일 많았는데 충수염은 입원 1∼3주에 14예중 6예(42.9%)가 발병했고, 마비성장폐색은 12예중 7예(58.4%)가 3∼5주에 발병했다. 6. 임상증상은 충수염에서는 우하복부동통과 오심, 구토가 10예로서 제일 많았고, 마비성장폐색에서는 복부팽만이 9예로서 제일 많았고 설사 변비가 7예였다. 7. 혈액소견은 정상범위가 17예로서 제일 많았고 복부 방사선소견은 충수염은 가스팽창이 13예로서 제일 많았고, 마비성장폐색은 전예에서 가스팽창과 그 중 6예에서 air-fluid level을 보였다. 충수염 환자 중 충수절제술을 받은 11예 중에서 10예는 분석을 충수강 내용물로 함유했다. 8. 충수염 환자는 11예(78.6%)에서 수술로서 치유되었고 마비성 장폐색 환자는 전예가 보존요법으로 치유되었다. This study was made to appreciate the potential fatality of the abdominal complications caused by the anticholinergic side effect of psychotropic drugs and to suggest the possible ways of early diagnosis, treatment and prevention in concerned with those complications. The 26 cases of appendicitis and paralytic ileus among 997 casesof psychiatric in-patients admitted in Ewha Womans University Hospital from January 1st in 1977 to December 31st in 1981 were retrospectively reviewed and discussed. The following results were obtained: 1. The age distribution of appendicitis and paralytic ileus showed peak in twenties (50.0%). 2. The most frequent psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenic disorder (53.8%). 3. 7 Cases (50.0%) of appendicitis occurred in the 1st admission, and 5 Cases (41.7%) of paralytic ileus occurred in the 2nd admission. On the previous history of pharmacotherapy, there were 7 cases (50.0%) in appendicitis and 9 cases (75.0%) in paralytic ileus. 4. 25case (96.2%) were prescribed with polypharmacy, 15 cases (57.7%) were combination of over 2 kinds of phenothiazines with antiparkinsonian drugs. The dosage was larger in appendicitis than in paralytic ileus. 5. Most frequent time of onset of appendicitis and paralytic ileus was at 3-5 wks after admission (38.5%). 6. The clinical symptoms frequently seen were abdominal distention (9 cases), diarrhea or constipation (7 cases) in paralytic ileus, while right lower abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting were most frequently seen in appendicitis (10 cases). 7. Hematological findings showed within normal limit in 17 cases. The abdominal X-ray showed gaseous distention in 25 cases, air-fluid level in 8 cases and fecal mass in 4 cases. The content of the appendix was filled with fecalith in 10 cases among 11 appendicectomized cases. 8. Most of patients with appendicitis were cured by appendectomy (78.6%), and all the patients with paralytic lieus were healed by various supportive measures.

家兎에 있어서 Pivampicillin. Hcl과 Ampicillin의 血中濃度 比較硏究

李琬夏,沈英基 成均館大學校 1976 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

Although D(-)-α-aminobenzyl penicillin(ampicillin) is relatively stable to acid it is absorbed inefficiently by the oral route as indicated, e.g., by the fact that much higher blood levels and urinary recovery are attained after parenteral than after oral administratration. Of a series of acyloxymethyl esters of ampicillin which are more completely absorbed than the parent compound, the hydrochloride salt of pivampicillin was selected for extended studies. Comparative studies of pivampicillin and smpicillin in 20 healthy rabbits revealed that pivampicillin is better absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract than ampicillin, as reflected in considerably higher peak ampicillin concentration in blood.

Indomethacin 注射劑 製造에 관한 硏究

李琬夏 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.1

In order to make the injectable preperation, indomethacin argininate was prepared and investigated its bioabnilability as well as the solubility in water. The experimental results were summerized as followings 1. Indomethacin argininate was composed of one molecule of indomethacin and one molecule of arginin. The product was water soluble and melting point was 202∼204℃. 2. LD_50 of indomethacin argininate was 17.4mg/kg in mice by Berens-Ka¨bers method. 3. The dissolution rate of indomethacin argininate was about 99% in water and pH 7.2 phosphate beffer solution in 1 minute 4. The anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin argininate was stronger than that of indomethacin until 3 hours in rats 5. The analgesic effect of indomethacin argininate was proued to increase by 16% higher than that of indomethacin in mice 6. The absorption rate (Ka) of indomethacin was 0.827hr^-1 and that of indomethacin arginiate was 1,103hr^-1 by in seter 7. Blood concentration of indomethacin argininate was higher than that of indomethacin after I.M. injection.

實科敎育 課程 改正의 比較 硏究

李琬河 仁川敎育大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.27 No.2

Traditionally in Korea the Ministry of Education has established and declared each school's educational curriculum. Thus it is true that the development and evaluation of learning depending on the textbooks has been continued without considering educational curriculum. These days the educational amendment has often been said and the government is preparing it in Korea. The educational amendment includes educational curriculum, class organization, teachers' organization, institutions and facilities and so on. Among them it is the educational curriculum that is the most important. Therefore, all educational activities in schools must be organized systematically according to the educational curriculum. The amendment of educational curriculum varies through subjects as well as chronological and sociological changes. Especially the curriculum of the practical arts education in elementary school is made up of the practical lives. So we need the amendment to apply for the changing lives. The results of analyzing the old and new educational curriculum are as follows: 1. In the first amendment, there is an distinctive object of the job choice as well as self-made lives and basic function about practical lives. In addition there are too many teaching fields and various functions. 2. In the second amendment, the object is more concise and it depends on clothes, food, and housing. It emphasizes cooperating life as a member in society. It doesnt divide the curriculum between boy and girl students. 3. In the amendment, there is an agreement between general objects and class objects. It consists 4th-, 5th-, and 6th-grade children's development of body and mind and emphasizes the understanding, function and attitude as a member in the house, society and country. 4. In the amendment, there is a division among the educational objects, class objects and contents, teaching and evaluation. As teaching contents there are the function and role of the family, the life function, consumption and frugality, and the understanding work and job. 5. In the fifth amendment, each specific object has a relation with the teaching content fields. The teaching contents are the same in the fourth amendment. 6. In the sixth amendment, an emphasis is put on the work. The object is to make students experience necessary things which are essential in the daily life and develope their talents. The content has four fields, treating, making, cultivating and growing in Korean.

경사진 트레드밀에서 후방보행운동을 통한 넙다리네갈래근 강화와 요통의 관계

박주완,김경,김형욱,김재우,배솔희,서정표,이정구,정하영 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2010 再活科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

목적: 본 연구에서는 경사진 트레드밀에서의 후방 보행 훈련을 통한 넙다리네갈래근의 강화가 요통 환자의 치료에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상: 만성 요통을 호소하는 16명의 환자를 대상으로 연구를 실시 하였다. 방법: 트레드밀을 10° 경사로 맞춰놓은 상태에서 대상자들은 하루 20분, 일주일에 3회의 빈도로 2주 동안 훈련을 하였다. 표면 근전도를 가지고 넓다리 곧은근, 안쪽 넓은근, 가쪽 넓은근, 척추 세움근의 %MVIC를 측정하였고, KODI와 VAS를 통해 대상자들의 통증정도를 측정하였다. 결과: 넓다리 곧은근은 훈련전에 비해 훈련을 하고 난 후 상대적으로 높은 근전도를 보였고, 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<.05). 안쪽 넓은근과 가쪽 넓은근 또한 높은 근전도율을 보였지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 척추 세움근은 훈련전에 비해 훈련을 하고 난 후 높은 근전도율을 보여주었고, 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<.05). VAS와 KODI의 평균값은 명백하게 감소되었고, 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<.05). 결론: 이상의 결론을 종합하면, 후방보행을 통한 넙다리네갈래근의 강화는 요통의 감소에 효과적이라고 사료되며, 더불어 넙다리네갈래근으로 접근하여 요통을 경감하는 중재방법이 효과적인 치료 방법이 될 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. Purpose: This study was to investigate the influence of strengthening the Quadriceps femoris through backward walking treadmill training in the patients who have lower back pain. Subjects: Sixteen subjects with chronic lower back pain were included. Method: In the training, the treadmill was set to have a inclination of 10 degrees, and the subjects were trained for 20 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for 2 weeks. %MVIC(muscle power) of rectus femoris, vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis and erctor spinae were measured with surface EMG, and KODI and VAS were used to measure the subject's level of pain. Results: Quadriceps femoris showed relatively higher average electromyogram rates than that before training(p<.05). Vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis also showed higher average electromyogram rates, but no significant change in them was noted. Erector spinae showed higher average electromyogram rates than that before training(p<.05). The average points of VAS and KODI clearly decreased(p<.05). Conclusion: Strengthening Quadriceps femoris seems to be efficient for relieving lower back pain in this study.

적선평광 근적외선 조사에 의한 지각이상성 대퇴신경통의 치료경험

오완수,홍기혁,인준용,하경호 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.38 No.1

Meralgia Paresthetica is an uncommon and rare entrapment neuropathy involving the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh. A lateral femoral cutaneous block has been used in order to alleviate pain and paresthesia in the affected area, but this procedure seams likely to be invasive or involve side effects. We performed a polarized light irradiation (SUPER LIZER HA-550, Tokyo Iken Co., Ltd, Japan) for a patient with Meralgia Paresthetica after the patient gave her informed consent. An entry was chosen 2.5 cm below and medial to the anterior superior iliac spine, and irradiation was applied with a cycle of 1 second on and 3 seconds off at 80% output for 8 minutes with 1200 mW output losing a type-βprobe a sum of eight times. Consequently, mild of moderate pain alleviation was obtained. pre-irradiation, the patient's symptoms were alleviated and satisfaction was high. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2000; 38: 183 ∼ 156)

Thiamine 誘導體의 摘出腸管에의 吸收에 관하여

李琬夏,柳柄泰,智雄吉,朴大圭 成均館大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Thiamine-HCI, Thiamine Propyl Disulfide (TPD) and Thiamine Tetrahydrofur furyl Disulfide (TTFD) were studied to stability in artifcial gastric juice and artificial pancreatic juice. And in the in vitro isolated intestine of rabbit, absorption rate of this compounds were examined. The results were as follows. 1. The stability of this compounds in artificial gastric juice and artificial panereatic juice were stable. 2. In the in vitro isolated intestine of rabbit, absorption rate of TPD was increased than that of thiamine-HCI about 20% after 120 minutes. And absorption rate of TTFD was much the same in the case of thiamine-HCI.

인공 제올라이트를 이용한 암모니아성 질소 등온흡착특성

류완호,이원묵,박성하,양천회 한밭대학교 에너지청정기술연구소 2004 에너지청정기술논문집 Vol.4 No.1

국내 석탄화력 발전소에서 폐기되는 석탄회를 이용하여 폐수 중 암모니아성 질소 제거용 흡착제를 제조하고자 NaOH를 반응물로 한 수열합성 반응을 이용, 제올라이트를 합성하였으며 제조된 제올라이트를 실제공정에 활용하기 위하여 흡착실험 및 공정모사를 수행하였다. 또한 흡착제를 구형으로 제조하여 암모니아성 질소의 등온 흡착 공정에 이용하였으며 이 결과 Langmuir, Freundlich 및 Sips 식에 잘 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 고정층에서의 흡착 거동은 축 방향 분산흐름, 입자 내부에서의 표면확산 및 Sips 흡착 등온식을 바탕으로 한 고정층 흡착 모델의 주요 공정 변수에 대한 파과곡선을 잘 모사할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. Zeolite was synthesized from coal fly ash produced by a domestic power plant and applied for the removal of ammonia from waste water. Zeolite was synthezied using a hydrothermal method involving an akaline reaction with NaOH, and adsorption experiments and simulations were performed with the pellectized zeolite. The experimental data obtained from adsorption isotherms were consistent with the Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips equation. Also, most of the correlated results for the fixed bed model based on surface diffusion and Sips adsorption isotherms equation were consistent with the experimental data.