Fabrication of ex situ processed MgB₂ wires using nano carbon doped powder

Lee, C.M.,Park, J.H.,Hwang, S.M.,Lim, J.H.,Joo, J.,Kang, W.N.,Kim, C.J. North-Holland 2009 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.469 No.15

We fabricated ex situ MgB<SUB>2</SUB> wires using C-doped MgB<SUB>2</SUB> powder as a precursor in order to improve the core density of the wires and their C doping content. The C-doped powder was prepared with Mg, B, and nano carbon (NC) powders by the in situ technique and then MgB<SUB>2-x</SUB>C<SUB>x</SUB> (x=0, 0.01, and 0.03) wires were fabricated by the ex situ technique using the powder-in-tube method. The phase formation, lattice change, and microstructure were characterized and correlated with the T<SUB>c</SUB> and J<SUB>c</SUB> variations. We observed that the ex situ wire had a higher core density than the in situ wire, however its morphology consisted of agglomerated particles, indicating that sintering and grain growth did not occur completely, even though the sintering was conducted at high temperature (1000<SUP>o</SUP>C). As the C content increased, T<SUB>c</SUB> decreased, while the decrease of J<SUB>c</SUB> with increasing magnetic field became smaller. The J<SUB>c</SUB> of MgB<SUB>1.97</SUB>C<SUB>0.03</SUB> wire made by the ex situ technique was 3.34kA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 6.6T and 5K which is comparable to that of the in situ wire (4.81kA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 6.6T and 5K).

Chlortetracycline 과 비닐포장처리에 의한 토육의 상온저장시험

이용빈,송계원,고준수 한국축산학회 1965 한국축산학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The shelf-life of cony meat was studied out in this experiment. After the rabbit dressed out, the meat was treated with 10 p.p.m. Chlortetracycline (C.T.C.) solution and packed with polyethylene. The samples were taken from the muscle of the rump and the round. We allotted eight treatments: That is, two temperature levels (5℃ and 20℃) that have two treatments: Control and C.T.C.-Treated. And each treatment of each temperature levels has two treatments, Control and Packed with Polyethylene. The items investigated are the change of the number of microorganisms, pH, and methylene blue reducing time. The results are as follows: 1. Effectively, C.T.C. suppressed the increasing of microorganisms of cony meat during the storage. And there was highly significant difference at 1.0% level in the C.T.C.-Treated meats on the Ist day of storage. The number of microorganism reached 10^8 per gram in 20℃-Control by the 2nd day of storage and 10^8 per gram by the 7th day of storage. 2. The increasing of yeasts was apparent in 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated on the 5th and 6th day of storage. And on the 7th day of storage, molds were also found. 3. Polyethylene packing was effective (significant at 5.0%) on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th day of storage in 5℃-Control, and on the 2nd, 3rd day of storage in 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated. 4. The pH of cony meat during storage was lower in 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated by the 4th day of storage than in 5℃-Control, but after 5th day of storage, the pH of meat. was increased rapidly. 5. The C.T.C. treatment has a more strong effect upon the change of pH of cony meat than the polyethylene packing throughout the storage. And the effect of the temperature was greater than that of C.T.C.-Treatment. 6. C.T.C.-Treatment has shorten methylene blue reducing time than control (significant at 1.0%). And the methylene blue reducing time of 20℃-C.T.C.-Treated was similart to that of 5℃-Control all throughout the experiment period. 7. Polyethylene packing has an effect upon the methylene blue reducing time on the 3rd, 4th day of storage (significant at 5.0%). In the testing of L.S.D., there was no significant differences throughout the period.

소 c-KIT Receptor 유전자의 다형성에 관한 연구

장요순,김태헌,윤두학,박응우,이혜원,이학교,정일정 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.6

소의 흰 반점 관련 후보유전자로 c-KIT receptor 유전자를 선정하여, c-KIT receptor 유전자내의 변이를 탐색하고 변이가 흰반점 표현형과 연관성이 있는지를 분석하였다. 한우, Angus, Brown Swiss, Charolais, Hereford, Holstein, Limousin 및 Simmental 등 8개 품종의 DNA 시료를 사용하여 c-KIT receptor 유전자의 intron 6번 영역에서 다형성을 조사하고 분석하였다. c-KIT receptor 유전자의 intron 6번 영역에서는 4개의 염기치환이 발견되어, MspⅠ, BsrBⅠ 및 NdeⅠ 제한효소를 이용하여 PCR-RFLP 분석을 실시하였다. Intron 6번을 포함하는 영역의 PCR 산물 크기는 2,440 bp 이었다. MspⅠ다형성은 PCR-RFLP 분석 결과 3개의 대립유전자가 존재하였으며, 한우품종에서는 3개의 대립유전자 모두가 발견되었고, CC 형태이 유전자형을 제외한 5개의 유전자형 (AA, AB, AC, BC 및 BB)을 확인하였다. Angus, Brown Swiss, Hereford, Holstein 및 Simmental 품종에서는 A 대립유전자만을 갖는 것으로 조사되었고, 한우는 44%만 AA 유전자형을 나타내었다. BsrBⅠ 다형성은 2개의 대립유전자로서 3개의 유전자형이 나타나는 것을 확인하였으며, Charolais 및 Hereford 품종이 다른 소 품종에 비하여 A 대립유전자의 빈도가 높게 나타났다. NdeⅠ 다형성을 분석한 결과 Brown Swiss 품종에서는 NdeⅠ에 의해 절단되는 형태인 A 대립유전자만 관찰되었으며, Holstein 품종은 92%, Simmental 품종은 72%가 절단되는 형태를 나타내어, 모색이 흰색을 띠는 소 품종에서 절단되는 형태가 많았다. 소 c-KIT receptor 유전자의 intron 6번 영역에서 확인된 4개의 염기치환은 품종에 따라 다른 빈도를 보였으나, 이들 염기치환과 흰 반점과의 연관성에 대한 증거는 발견하지 못하였다. 그러므로 소의 흰 반점과 c-KIT receptor 유전자 내의 변이와의 관련성은 다른 영역에 대한 추가적인 분석과, 이미 보고된 다른 모색관련 유전자의 다형성과의 연관성 분석 등과 같은 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. We considered KIT gene as a candidate gene for the white-spotting pattern in cattle. This study was carried out to detect genetic variation of c-KIT receptor gene and to investigate association between the mutation and the white-spotting pattern in cattle. PCR-RFLP analysis within intron 6 of c-KIT receptor gene were performed with 8 cattle breeds including Hanwoo, Angus, Brown Swiss, Charolais, Hereford, Holstein, Limousin and Simmental. When PCR product of approximately 2,440 bp including intron 6 of c-KIT receptor gene was sequenced, four nucleotide substitutions were found within intron 6 of the bovine c-KIT receptor gene. In PCR-RFLP analysis, three alleles (A, B and C), two alleles (A and B) and two alleles (A and B) at each locus were identified by Msp Ⅰ, BsrBⅠ and NdeⅠ, respectively. Although frequencies of allele at each locus were different among cattle breeds, we could not get any evidence related with white or white spotting phenotypes in these mutations on intron 6 of c-KIT receptor gene. However, we can not entirely exclude the possibility that c-KIT receptor gene is responsible for white spotting phenotype in cattle. Thus, further studies need to detect other mutations in c-KIT receptor gene and to test association of those mutations and coat color phenotypes in cattle.

주성분 분석을 이용한 거세한우의 체형분류에 관한 연구

하동우,김현철,김병우,이문연,이종헌,신철교,도창희,이정규 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.6

1997년부터 2001년까지 (사)한국종축개량협회의 전국한우능력평가대회에 출품된 642두의 거세한우의 도축 전까지 4회에 걸쳐 주요 10개 부위의 체형 측정치를 조사하여 주성분 분석을 이용하여 체형을 분류하였으며, 각 체형 측정치의 주성분 지수와 도체 형질과의 상관관계를 분석하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 1차, 2차, 3차 및 4차 체형 측정치의 principal component(이하 P.C) 1의 분산은 각각 7.610, 8.297, 7.269 및 5.736로서 전체분산 중 76.0%, 83.0%, 72.7% 및 57.4%를 나타낼 수 있었고, P.C 1, P.C 2, P.C 3의 합은 전체분산 중 각각 86.69%, 90.49%, 84.62% 및 77.26%를 나타났다. 2. 각 차수별 체형 측정치의 P.C 1의 모든 계수가 양(+)이어서 일반적으로 좋은 체구의 크기를 나타내었으며, 체구의 크기에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 형질은 흉심(0.328∼0.339)과 요각폭(0.325∼0.341)이였다. 또한 P.C 2, P.C 3 및 P.C 4는 각 차수별로 다양하게 나타났다. 3. 1차, 2차, 3차 및 4차 체형 측정치의 주성분 지수들과 도체형질간의 상관계수 추정에서 대부분의 분산을 차지하는 P.C 1은 도체중(0.539∼0.755), 일당증체량(0.256∼0.564), 등지방두께(0.227∼0.280) 및 배최장근단면적(0.187∼0.344)간에 정(+)의 상관을 보였으며, 육량지수(-0.246∼-0.110)와는 부(-)의 상관을 보였고, 근내지방도(0.066∼0.099)와는 대부분 유의적인 상관을 보이지 않거나 낮은 상관을 보였고, P.C 2, P.C 3 및 P.C 4는 주성분 지수들의 값에 따라 도체형질과 다양한 상관관계를 보였다. 단일 체형형질과 도체형질간의 상관 그리고 P.C 1의 주성분 지수와 도체형질과의 상관간에는 큰 차이가 없었다. Data were consisted of the ten body measurements (withers height, rump height, body length, chest depth, chest width, rump width, rump length, thurls width, hipbone width and chest girth) of 642 steers (Korean cattle), which was entered in the National Beef Quality Contest hosted by the Korea Animal Improvement Association from 1997 to 2001. A principal components analysis was used to classify the body types of the steers, and estimate the correlations between carcass traits and principal components for the body measurements of the first, second, third and fourth period, respectively. The first principal component of body measurements at the first, second, third and fourth period accounted for 76.0%, 83.0%, 72.7% and 57.4% of the total variance, respectively. The sum of first, second and third principal component at each period accounted for 86.69%, 90.49%, 84.62% and 77.26% of the total variance, respectively. At each period, all the first principal component of the body measurements were positive and it generally showed large framed body shape. The size of body was influenced mostly by chest depth(0.328∼0.339) and rump length(0.325∼0.341). The second, third and fourth principal component at the each period were various. There were positive correlations between principal components index of each period and carcass traits such as carcass weight(0.539∼0.755), average daily gain(0.256∼0.564), backfat thickness(0.227∼0.280), and eye muscle area(0.187∼0.344). The correlation with yield grade index(-0.246∼-0.110), however, was negative. The correlation with marbling score(0.066∼0.099) was low or statistically insignificant. According to principal component indexes of the second, third, and fourth components, the correlations with the carcass traits were various. There were no large differences between the correlations of the single body measurement trait with the carcass traits and the correlations of the first principal component indexes with the carcass traits.

Development of additive [¹¹C]CO₂ target system in the KOTRON-13 cyclotron and its application for [¹¹C]radiopharmaceutical production

Moon, B.S.,Lee, H.J.,Lee, W.K.,Hur, M.G.,Yang, S.D.,Lee, B.C.,Kim, S.E. North-Holland Physics Pub 2015 Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Vol.356 No.-

The KOTRON-13 cyclotron, which was developed in South Korea for the production of medical radioisotopes, has the structural limitation of only one beam-output port, restricting the production of the carbon-11 isotope. In the present study, we investigate the design of a switchable target system and develop an effective carbon-11 target in the KOTRON-13 cyclotron, for combination with the fluorine-18 target. The target system was designed by introducing a sliding-type element between the fluorine-18 and carbon-11 targets, a tailor-made C-11 target and its cooling system. For the efficient production of [<SUP>11</SUP>C]CO<SUB>2</SUB>, the desirable target shape and internal volume were determined by a Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM) simulation program, and the target grid was modified to resist the cavity pressure during beam irradiation. We evaluated the [<SUP>11</SUP>C]CO<SUB>2</SUB> production while varying the material and thickness of the target foil, oxygen content of the nitrogen gas, and target loading pressure. Using sliding-type equipment including an additional gate valve and a high vacuum in a beam line, the bi-directional conversion between the fluorine-18 and carbon-11 targets was efficient regarding the accurate beam irradiation on both targets. The optimal [<SUP>11</SUP>C]CO<SUB>2</SUB> production for 30min irradiation at 60μA (86.6+/-1.7GBq in the target at EOB) was observed at a thickness of 19μm with HAVAR® material as a target foil and a target loading pressure of 24bar with nitrogen plus 300ppb of oxygen gas. Additionally, the coolant cavity system in the target grid and target chamber is useful to remove the heat transferred to the target body by the internal convection of water and thereby ensure the stability of the [<SUP>11</SUP>C]CO<SUB>2</SUB> production under a high beam current. In the application of C-11 labeled radiopharmaceuticals such as [<SUP>11</SUP>C]PIB, [<SUP>11</SUP>C]DASB, [<SUP>11</SUP>C]PBR28, [<SUP>11</SUP>C]Methionine and [<SUP>11</SUP>C]Clozapine, the radiochemical yields were shown to be 25-38% (decay corrected) with over 166GBq/μmol of specific activity. Consequently, the additive carbon-11 target system was successfully developed in only one output port of the KOTRON-13 cyclotron and exhibited the stable production of C-11 labeled radiopharmaceuticals.

Ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of citrus fruit peels over mesoporous MFI and Al-MCM-41

Kim, Y.M.,Jae, J.,Lee, H.W.,Han, T.U.,Lee, H.,Park, S.H.,Kim, S.,Watanabe, C.,Park, Y.K. Pergamon ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Energy conversion and management Vol.125 No.-

The thermal and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of different citrus peels, Citrus paradisi peel, Citrus sinensis peel, Citrus unshiu peel, and Citrus limon peel, were studied by thermogravimetric, evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometry and tandem micro-reactor-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry analyses. Kinetic analysis revealed more complicated reaction steps and a wider range of activation energies of citrus peels than those of wood powder due to the presence of pectin in the citrus peels. Large amounts of methanol formation from each citrus peel were also recorded by evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometry and fast pyrolysis-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry analyses at the main decomposition temperature of pectin, between 150 and 250<SUP>o</SUP>C. Mesoporous MFI was found to be a more effective catalyst for the production of mono aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene; 3.06-4.17C%) and light olefins (ethene, propene, butene, and butadiene; 8.13-9.13C%) than Al-MCM-41 (mono aromatic compounds 0.67-0.93C% and light olefins 3.61-4.58C%) because of its higher catalytic activity in deoxygenation and aromatization due to the stronger acidity of mesoporous MFI. The yield of mono aromatic compounds over mesoporous MFI was highest from C. paradisi peel (4.17C%), followed in order by C. sinensis peel (3.83C%), C. unshiu peel (3.61C%), and C. limon peel (3.06C%), due mainly to the different contents and properties of pectin in each citrus peel. The higher activities of mesoporous MFI than Al-MCM-41 were also maintained during the 7 times sequential catalytic pyrolysis of C. paradisi peel, demonstrating the stability of mesoporous MFI catalyst.

FAM83H mutations cause ADHCAI and alter intracellular protein localization.

Lee, S-K,Lee, K-E,Jeong, T-S,Hwang, Y-H,Kim, S,Hu, J C-C,Simmer, J P,Kim, J-W Journal of Dental Research, Inc 2011 Journal of dental research Vol.90 No.3

<P>Mutations in a family with sequence similarity 83 member H (FAM83H) cause autosomal-dominant hypocalcification amelogenesis imperfecta (ADH CAI). All FAM83H ADHCAI-causing mutations terminate translation or shift the reading frame within the specific exon 5 segment that encodes from Ser(287) to Glu(694). Mutations near Glu(694) cause a milder, more localized phenotype. We identified disease-causing FAM83H mutations in two families with ADHCAI: family 1 (g.3115C>T, c.1993 C>T, p.Q665X) and family 2 (g.3151C>T, c.2029 C>T, p.Q677X). We also tested the hypothesis that truncation mutations alter the intracellular localization of FAM83H. Wild-type FAM83H and p.E694X mutant FAM83H fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) localized in the cytoplasm of HEK293T cells, but the mutant FAM83H proteins (p.R325X, p.W460X, and p.Q677X) fused to GFP localized mainly in the nucleus with slight expression in the cytoplasm. We conclude that nuclear targeting of the truncated FAM83H protein contributes to the severe, generalized enamel phenotype.</P>

Si 및 C이 복합첨가된 TiAl-Nb 합금의 열적안정성 및 기계적 성질

김정환,김성웅,이호년,김민철,오명훈,위당문 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.8

Thermal stability of the lamellar microstructure in TiAI-Nb alloys containing Si and C was investigated by partial melting experiments. The proper compositions which have enough thermal stability to be used as a seed material were found for TiAl-Nb-Si-C alloy system. The lamellar microstructure of the Ti-44.5A1-3Nb-0.6Si-0.2C and Ti-45Al-2Nb-0.6Si-0.2C alloys was successfully aligned parallel to the growth direction by directional solidification using Ti-44.5A1-3Nb-0.6Si-0.2C alloy as a seed material. The DS ingots of these alloys exhibited a excellent combination of room-temperature ductility (8.5%) and high-temperature yield strength (700 MPa at 800℃). Nb was not an effective element to improve the lamellar stability. However, adding a small amount of Si and C to the TiAl-Nb system was very effective to improve the thermal stability of the lamellar microstructure.

Chemo-enzymatic saccharification and bioethanol fermentation of lipid-extracted residual biomass of the microalga, Dunaliella tertiolecta

Lee, O.K.,Kim, A.L.,Seong, D.H.,Lee, C.G.,Jung, Y.T.,Lee, J.W.,Lee, E.Y. Elsevier Applied Science 2013 Bioresource technology Vol.132 No.-

Chemo-enzymatic saccharification and bioethanol fermentation of the residual biomass of Dunaliella tertiolecta after lipid extraction for biodiesel production were investigated. HCl-catalyzed saccharification of the residual biomass at 121<SUP>o</SUP>C for 15min produced reducing sugars with a yield of 29.5% (w/w) based on the residual biomass dry weight. Various enzymes were evaluated for their ability to saccharify the residual biomass. Enzymatic saccharification using AMG 300L produced 21.0mg/mL of reducing sugar with a yield of 42.0% (w/w) based on the residual biomass at pH 5.5 and 55<SUP>o</SUP>C. Bioethanol was produced from the enzymatic saccharification products without additional pretreatment by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with yields of 0.14g ethanol/g residual biomass and 0.44g ethanol/g glucose produced from the residual biomass. The waste residual biomass generated during microalgal biodiesel production could be used for the production of bioethanol to improve the economic feasibility of microalgal biorefinery.

Characterization of Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, Class 3 (PIK3C3) Gene and Association Tests with Quantitative Traits in Pigs

Kim, J.H.,Choi, B.H.,Lim, H.T.,Park, E.W.,Lee, S.H.,Seo, B.Y.,Cho, I.C.,Lee, J.G.,Oh, S.J.,Jeon, J.T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.12

This study deals with the characterization of porcine PIK3C3 and association tests with quantitative traits. PIK3C3 belongs to the class 3 PI3Ks that participate in the regulation of hepatic glucose output, glycogen synthase, and antilipolysis in typical insulin target cells such as those in the such as liver, muscle system, and fat. On the analysis of full-length mRNA sequence, the length of the PIK3C3 CDS was recorded as 2,664 bps. As well, nucleotide and amino acid identities between human and pig subjects were 92% and 99%, respectively. Five SNPs were detected over 5 exons. We performed genotyping by using a SNP C2604T on exon24 for 145 F$_2$ animals (from a cross between Korean native boars and Landrace sows) by PCR-RFLP analysis with Hpy8I used to investigate the relationship between growth and fat depot traits. In the total association analysis, which doesn' consider transmission disequilibrium, the SNP showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on body weight and carcass fat at 30 weeks of age as well as a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on back fat. In an additional sib-pair analysis, C allele still showed positive and significant effects (p<0.05) on back fat thickness and carcass fat. Moreover, the effects of C allele on the means of within-family components for carcass fat and back fat were estimated as 2.76 kg and 5.07 mm, respectively. As a result, the SNP of porcine PIK3C3 discovered in this study could be utilized as a possible genetic marker for the selection of pigs that possess low levels of back fat and carcass fat at the slaughter weight.