교육비'의 난맥상

최성욱 木浦大學校 敎育硏究所 2002 교육연구 Vol.15 No.-

교육비의 문제를 둘러싸고 논란이 뜨겁다. 이상한 점은 논쟁이 더할수록 문제가 풀리기보다는 오히려 혼란이 가중되는 느낌이 든다는 것이다. 그 이유는 '교육비'라는 용어에 관한 의미상의 혼란에서 비롯된다는 것이 이글의 입장이다. 통상적으로 사용되는 '교육비'라는 개념은 학교라고 하는 제도를 교육과 연관짓는 우리의 상식적이고 습관적인 사고에 바탕을 두고 있다. 그런데 생활세계의 하나인 학교는 교육만 이루어지는 배타적인 공간이 아니기 때문에 학교생활에 드는 모든 경비가 곧 교육비라고 하는 것은 지나친 속단이다. 우리가 '교육비'라고 부르는 비용에는 교육과 무관한 항목들이 대부분을 차지하고 있으며, 이 때문에 천문학적 액수의 교육비 지출에도 불구하고 교육의 질적 향상은 요원한 실정이다. 이 글에서는 '교육비'의 구성내역을 분석하여 그 허구성을 실제적으로 입증하고 있다. 다른 한편으로, 이 글은 교육의 문제를 경제적 지원에 의해 해결하는 데에는 근본적인 한계가 있다고 보고, 교육비의 투자와 같은 외적 지원은 반드시 교육의 자율성을 우선한다는 전제하에 이루어져야 함을 역설한다. In our society, it has been largely disputed that how much money should be provided for education and to what extent the money for private education can be diminished. But, we should note that most of those debates do not properly count for what the education is in their contexts. Instead, they assume that whatever takes place in school be education, taking for granted that school functions for the purpose of education. However, school does not serve to education only, rather to politics, economics, and society as well. Therefore, all the money that is used for school can not regarded as 'educational.'

병원간 응급의료 전달체계에 대한 연구 : 영동세브란스 병원 응급진료센타를 중심으로

최성욱,김인병,이한식 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Transporting an emergent patient to a hospital has a crucial role in proper patient care. Objective of this study is to review the current methods and various patient transport system used between the hospital. We have conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive 753 patients who was transport-in and out from emergency department of YoungDong Severance Hospital from Sep. 1, 1994 to Feb. 28, 1995. All transferred patients were divided into two large category of trauma versus non-trauma, 363 to 390 patients, respectively. Average ISS(injury serverity score) for trauma patients were 7.31 point and average GCS score of 14.29 point for non-trauma patients. Most of the patients were trasfered-in during day and evening hours(84%), but there was no peak hours for transfer-out patients. Little more than half of all transferred patients used ambulance as a mode of transportation. Among all transfer-in patients, 65% were admitted for general care, emergency operation and ICU care. Others, 17%, 18% were discharged or transfer-out to other hospital, respectively. For transfer-out patients, 72% of transfer-out patients were for admission following recommandation by an emergency physician. Each level of hospital was divided into 4 subgroup ; private clinic, small hospital, general hospital and university hospital. ISS was also divided into score less than 10 points for mild and more than 11 points for moderate to severe injury. As a results, all of patients transferred from private clinic bad less than 4 point of ISS. Where as increasing percentage of patients with higher ISS was transferred-in from higher level of hospitals. Transfer-out hospitals were carefully selected by emergency physicians according to patient health status, speciality of referring hospital and closeness to patient residence For non-traumatic patient, GCS score was divided into GCS score 14or less and 15 point. Similar to trauma patient, there was increasing percentage of patient with lower GCS score transfer-in as hospital level increase. Patients with ISS less than 10 point and GCS score 15 point can be transferredto anappropriate level of hos-pital if EMSS operates properly. We suggest with a well organized EMSS, mandatory inter-hospital communication and good transfer record, proper patient transfer and treatment can be achieved.

조직문화의 이해와 연구논쟁점에 관한 고찰

최성욱 고려대학교 정부학연구소 2001 정부학연구 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구는 행정 영역에 있어서 조직문화를 포함한 행정문학연구에 대한 다양한 접근과 연구주제들을 탐색해 보는데 조그마한 토대를 제공해 보고자 하는 목적을 가지고 첫째, 조직문화에 대한 개념적·유형적 다양성과 그에 따른 연구접근법들을 소개 및 고찰해 보고, 둘째, 이러한 고찰을 토대로 공공행정 영역에서 조직문화를 연구할 때 고려해야 할 쟁점들을 논의해 보았다. 먼저 기존 문헌에 대한 고찰로써 조직문화가 갖는 개념적 다양성과 문화적 차원에 따른 조직문화유형들을 보았고 연구접근법으로써 인식론상 '변수'로 문화를 취급하는 기능주의와 '은유'로 문화를 보는 해석(상징)주의를 살펴보고 이 둘 간의 대조 영역을 통해 구체적인 비교를 해 보았다. 그리고 최근 추세인 포스트모더니즘적 연구경향을 보았다. 마지막으로, 이러한 기존 문헌에 대한 고찰결과 도출되는 조직문화연구 영역의 쟁점으로 연구자의 문화개념에 대한 가정문제, 분석단위 및 문화 수준에 대한 가정문제, 조직문화유형론에 대한 과신문제, 연구접근법의 선택문제 등에 대해 논의하였다. This study aims at exploring the various approaches and research themes in relation to organizational culture in the field of public administration. For this purpose, first, several theoretical typologies are reviewed which summarize the various differences in the culture concept. Second, it's classified into three approaches generally acceptable in analyzing organizational culture : Functionalism in that culture is seen as one variable among several others ; Interpretivism or Symbolism, the view that organizations are culture as opposed to the functionalist notion that organizations have culture, in that the culture concept works as a root metaphor for understanding the human constructs and expressions in organizations; Post-modernistic trend in that ambiguity or fragmentation is emphasized. Finally, based on the above theoretical review, cultural debates and issues at the empirical level are discussed, which need to consider on the public sphere. Here are researcher's assumption of culture concept, a level or a unit of analysis, the overconfidence to cultural scales, and the selection of analytical framework are debated.

발작성상심실성 빈맥환자에서 Adenosine과 Verapamil의 치료효과

최성욱,오진호,김승호 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.3

Background. According to the 1992 version of ACLS guideline, adenosine is recommended as the first line drug for the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT). But adenosine is not used frequently in our country, despite currently proven effect and safety. Therefore we tried to compare the efficacy and safety of adenosine with verapamil for the treatment for PSVT. Materials and Methods. We prospectively reviewed charts of PSVT patients admitted to YongDong Severance Hospital from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1996. These patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was given 6mg of adenosine initially , and another 12mg was given within 5minutes if first dose failed. The other group was given 5mg of verapamil initially, and if failed, 10mg was given within 10minutes. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test and student- t method Results. In converting PSVT to normal rhythm, adenosine and verapamil showed similar results and there was no difference between the two groups in frequency of side effects, but serious arrhythmia such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia was not seen in the adenosine group. Conclusion. Adenosine not only showed comparable effect and safety, but also had shorter action time than verapamil. Therefore we recommand sdenosine, as a safe and effective first line drug for PSVT.

五神에 관한 연구

최성욱,강정수 대한동의병리학회 2001 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Spirit and body are inseparable relations in Oriental Medicine. Functions of spirit and body are regarded as one in Oriental Medical physiology. Spirit is the essence of a function which an organism reveal and it is regarded in the same with life. For this reasons, identification spirit with life is special feature of Oriental Medicine. It explain physiological and pathological phenomenon in consider spirit in relation to Five viscera. The spirit was divided Five Spirits, Five Spirits associate closely with Five viscera, and act different operation of mind. Five Spirits are an important matter to understand mental activity in human. Shin(神) controls all mental activities. Shin(神) was divided into Hun(魂), Beak(魄), Yi(意), Zhi(志), related to Heart. it works material base on Essence of Life. Hun(魂) is an mental activity in unconscious state related to Liver. Beak(魄) is sensuous activity like instinct related to Lung. Yi(意) is a short period memory in conscious state related to Spleen. Zhi(志) is concentration of spirit, fixed state of Yi(意), means a long period memory related to Kidney.

UV 센서를 위한 Spiroxazine LB 단분자막 특성에 대한 연구

최성욱,박은진,장지훈,김재호,강신원 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

하악과두에 발생한 호산구육아종

최문경,허경회,이원진,오성욱,이삼선 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2008 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.38 No.1

The present study reports a case of eosinophilic granuloma of the mandibular condyle. Eosinophilic granulomas on the mandibular condyle are very rare, but there are several common clinical and radiographic presentations. The clinical presentations involve swelling on preauricular area, limitation of opening, TMJ pain, etc. The radiographic presentations involve radiolucent lytic condylar lesion with or without pathologic fracture. Sometimes new bone formations are observed. The purpose of the article is to add new cases to the literatures.

청소년의 속어 사용과 자아개념과의 관계

최성욱,강동철 木浦大學校 敎育硏究所 2004 교육연구 Vol.16/17 No.-

본 연구는 목포지역의 청소년을 대상으로 속어사용과 자아개념과의 관계를 밝혀보고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 일반적으로 청소년들이 사용하는 말은 오락적이고 해학적인 성격을 띠고 있는 것도 있지만, 매우 폭력적이고 저속한 속어의 성격을 띠고 있는 말이 많다. 이것은 학생들의 생각이 거칠어지고 저속해져 가고 있음을 나타내는 것으로 인성지도 면에서 보더라도 매우 심각한 형편이다. 언격은 인격이라는 말이 있는데 말을 들어보면 그 사람의 인격과 성격을 알 수 있고 심리 상태를 알 수 있다. 사람의 말은 전인격의 반영이기 때문에 우리는 말의 교육을 통하여 사고방식을 훈련하고 나아가서는 인격을 도야하는 데까지 이르러야 할 것이다. 본 논문을 통하여 청소년들의 언어실태를 파악하고 어떻게 지도할 것인지를 살펴보고자 한다. The aim of this report is to survey the interrelationship between adolescent's usage of slang and self-concept in Mok-po. Followings are the hypotheses of this report. First, how do boys' and girls' usage of slang emerge? Second, how does their self-concept emerge? Third, what is the relationship between adolescent's usage of slang and self-concept? To solve these hypotheses, I observed 248 male pupils in high school, and 222 female pupils in high school. Followings are the results. First, boys use slang more than girls. In particular, frequency related with sex was high. Second, there was no distinctive difference between boys and girls in self-concept. Third, other factors are not meaningful except social self-concept in between usage of slang and self-concept(p<.05). In contrast, there is no distinctive relationship among moral self-concept, personal one, domestic one and educational one. In this report, first, we can observe that adolescence's usage of slang is related with sex. This indicates that boys are interested in sex. Second, self-esteem between boys and girls is little different. This indicates a sense of value isn't much different between them. Finally, social self-concept which is only meaningful between usage of slang and self-concept indicates adolescence's psychological state is negative against social system and not to perceive it.

Toluene(1)-water(2)-2-propanol(3)-ethyl acetate(4) 4성분계의 액-액평형

최성욱,정상훈,김영일,이진우,박동원 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1998 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.1

We studied on the phase equilibria of quatemary liquid-liquid extraction system composed 2-propanol-water-binary solvent at 25℃. Ethyl acetate(EAc)-toluene was used as binary solvents. Binodal curve, tie-line, distribution and selectivity for quatemary system have been determined in order to investigate the effect of using binary solvent in extracting 2-propanol from aqueous solotion. And this experimental tie-line data was also compared with the values predicted by UNIFAC model. It was shown that UNIFAC model is capable of predicting the tie-line in this quaternary system within an average RMSD of 1.93 mol%.

다국소 망막전위도를 통한 특발성 망막전막 제거술 전, 후의 황반 기능 평가

최성욱,이상엽,김현웅,윤일한 仁濟大學校 白病院 2010 仁濟醫學 Vol.31 No.-

Objectives: To assess macular function after vitrectomy and membrane removal in eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membrane by means of multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG). Methods: Visual acuity, macular thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and mfERG recordings were achieved for 14 eyes of 14 patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane. All exams were performed before epiretinal membrane surgery and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The average retinal response density and implicit time of each local response were estimated as anatomic macular areas corresponding roughly to 5 rings. Preoperative and postoperative responses of visual acuity, macular thickness, and mfERG were compared. The correlations of the change of retinal response density, visual acuity, and macular thickness were analyzed. Results: There were no significant changes in amplitude and implicit time measured by mfERG before and after the surgery (p>O.05). There were no significant correlations between the changes of amplitude and implicit time and visual acuity and macular thickness. Conclusion: Changes in mfERG recordings were not useful for predicting clinical prognosis after epiretinal membrane surgery.