Trends in Korean parents" perceptions on food additives during the period 2014–2018

Suna Kim,Jeong-Weon Kim,Hee-Jin Kang 대한지역사회영양학회 2021 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.15 No.3

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: While the use of food additives in food processing has become a common practice worldwide, consumers" worry about potential hazards has not diminished. The purpose of this study was to identify trends in South Korean parents" perceptions about food additives by analyzing the results of surveys conducted from 2014 to 2018. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted an off-line survey in Korea annually between 2014 and 2018 on perceptions about food additives. The numbers of survey respondents in each year from 2014 to 2018 were 381, 426, 301, 519, and 369, respectively. Our consumer respondents were parents of elementary-school-aged children. RESULTS: The ratios of respondents perceiving “food safety” as the most important factor in purchasing processed foods and “food additives” as the biggest threat to food safety have decreased over the years. However, most consumers still have negative perceptions of food additives. Additionally, among consumers lower confidence in or trust of the Korean government continued throughout the study period and appeared to be the main problem that needs to be overcome. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that Korean parents are still troubled by food additives. Consumers" confidence in the government needs to be increased through public communications. More multifaceted educational programs communicating scientific knowledge of food additives are needed in order to correct consumers" misperceptions.

Blue-emitting dendritic molecule with dual functionality as host and dopant for solution-processed white OLEDs with red-emitting material

Kim, Chae Yeong,Yoon, Jiwon,Choi, Suna,Jeong, Cheol Hun,Kim, Hyung Jong,Jeong, Ji-Eun,Kim, Seong Keun,Lee, Hyuna,Woo, Han Young,Kwon, Jang Hyuk,Cho, Min Ju,Choi, Dong Hoon Elsevier Sequoia 2019 Synthetic metals Vol.258 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, a three-armed dendritic molecule, 1,3,5-tris(10-(4-(2,6-diphenylpyrimidin-4-yl)phenyl)-9,9-diphenyl-9,10-dihydroacridin-2-yl)benzene (<B>3PDPAc</B>), was successfully synthesized and utilized as a blue dopant and its host of two-component white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs). The high molecular weight of dendritic <B>3PDPAc</B> showed an advantage in the production of rigid thin films with fine surface morphology after doping with red-emitting 7-(7,7-dimethyl-5,13,13-triphenyl-7,13-dihydro-5<I>H</I>-indeno[1,2-<I>b</I>]acridin-2-yl)benzo[<I>c</I>][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4-carbonitrile (<B>IABTCN</B>). Transient photoluminescence spectroscopy confirmed that <B>3PDPAc</B> and <B>IABTCN</B> displayed conventional fluorescence behavior. Furthermore, it was possible to form a two-component emission layer with <B>3PDPAc</B> and <B>IABTCN</B> when fabricating a WOLED. The WOLED device bearing <B>3PDPAc</B> and <B>IABTCN</B> (99.5:0.5 wt. ratio) exhibited 3.80% of the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) and CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.34) which indicates almost pure white emission. The chromaticity of white color emission could be tuned from cool white to warm white by varying the concentration of <B>IABTCN</B>. Moreover, the device with 3PDPAc and IABTCN has been observed to display emission stability because of the miscibility of the host and dopants. Thus, the dendritic structure of 3PDPAc is advantageous for fabrication of a rigid emitting layer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A dendritic molecule, 3PDPAc was designed and synthesized for two-component WOLED. </LI> <LI> The two-component WOLED exhibited pure white (0.33, 0.34) with a maximum EQE of 3.80%. </LI> <LI> When varying the concentration of IABTCN, the chromaticity of white color emission could be tuned from cool to warm white. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effects of Parasitic Source/Drain Junction Area on Terahertz Responsivity of MOSFET Detector

Kim, Suna,Khan, Muhammad Ibrahim Wasiq,Park, Dae-Woong,Lee, Sang-Gug,Kim, Kyung Rok IEEE 2018 IEEE transactions on terahertz science and technol Vol.8 No.6

<P>This paper reports the effect of the source/drain junction area on the responsivity of a metal-oxide field-effect transistor (MOSFET)-based terahertz (THz) detector. From the numerical analysis based on the distributed-channel model for the plasma-wave detection mechanism, it is predicted that both the responsivity and noise-equivalent power (NEP) are improved with a relatively larger source junction area than drain junction area. For experimental verification, three types of MOSFET detectors with different source/drain junction areas are fabricated with 65-nm CMOS technology. From on-wafer measurement at 0.3 THz, 2.57 times enhanced responsivity and 63% reduced NEP have been obtained in the sample with the smallest drain junction area and the largest source junction area.</P>

New conjugated regular terpolymers based on diketopyrrolopyrrole-benzodithiophene and their application to thin film transistors and polymer solar cells

Kim, Aesun,Lee, Ji Hyung,Kim, Hyung Jong,Choi, Suna,Kim, Young Un,Park, Chang Geun,Jeong, Choel Hun,Cho, Min Ju,Choi, Dong Hoon Elsevier 2018 Synthetic metals Vol.236 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Conjugated binary copolymers containing an electron donor (D) and acceptor (A) in the repeating unit have been extensively studied due to their excellent charge transport properties. Moreover, conjugated terpolymers containing a third monomer in addition to the two D and A monomers have been recognized to exhibit finely tuned properties relative to the binary D-A copolymer. Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)–based conjugated regular terpolymers (CRTs) containing two different electron donor monomers were synthesized herein to exploit the advantages of the terpolymer. Two terpolymers were synthesized by using bithiophene and pyrene as third monomers. Compared to the reference copolymer, poly[3-(5-(benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-decyltetradecyl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione] (PDPPBDT), the new terpolymers exhibited distinct physical properties, absorption properties, and electronic energy levels. The terpolymers were employed in thin film transistors (TFTs) and polymer solar cells (PSCs) and the device performance was studied. The highest mobility achieved for the TFT devices was close to 1.0 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> and was obtained with the PDPPBTBDT terpolymer film as the active layer, whereas the mobilities of the TFTs employing the PDPPPYBDT and PDPPBDT polymers were relatively low. In contrast with the TFT device results, the PSC fabricated with PDPPPYBDT:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM showed the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.46% due to the relatively high <I>V</I> <SUB>oc</SUB> and <I>J</I> <SUB>sc</SUB>. The results of this study confirmed that the use of a regular terpolymer structure permits fine adjustment of the light absorption range, the molecular energy levels, and the film morphology of the polymer, in turn influencing the device performance of TFTs or PSCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> DPP–based conjugated regular terpolymers containing two different electron donor monomers were synthesized. </LI> <LI> Compared to PDPPBDT, the new terpolymers exhibited distinct absorption properties, and electronic energy levels. </LI> <LI> The highest mobility in PDPPBTBDT-based TFT devices was close to 1.0 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> The PSC fabricated with PDPPPYBDT:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM showed the highest PCE of 4.46% due to the relatively high <I>V</I> <SUB>oc</SUB> and <I>J</I> <SUB>sc</SUB>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

[P8-155] Analysis of Stilbene contents in Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves and Fruits by HPLC with Phorodiode Array and UV Detectior

Suna Kim,Ji-Sun Kim,Tae-Youl Ha,Ji-Yun Ahn 한국식품영양과학회 2007 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2007 No.10

Structural Properties and Resistance-Switching Behavior of Thermally Grown NiO Thin Films

Kim, Dong-Wook,Jung, Ranju,Park, Bae Ho,Li, Xiang-Shu,Park, Chanwoo,Shin, Seongmo,Kim, Dong-Chirl,Lee, Chang Won,Seo, Sunae IOP Publishing 2008 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.47 No.r3

Highly efficient and highly stable terpolymer-based all-polymer solar cells with broad complementary absorption and robust morphology

Kim, Aesun,Park, Chang Geun,Park, Su Hong,Kim, Hyung Jong,Choi, Suna,Kim, Young Un,Jeong, Choel Hun,Chae, Weon-Sik,Cho, Min Ju,Choi, Dong Hoon The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.6 No.21

<P>A novel conjugated terpolymer referred to as Ter-3MTTPD was successfully synthesized using 4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-<I>b</I>:4,5-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene as a donor and methyl thiophene-3-carboxylate (3MT) and 5-(2-ethylhexyl)-4<I>H</I>-thieno[3,4-<I>c</I>]pyrrole-4,6(5<I>H</I>)-dione (TPD) as acceptor units to investigate the effects of the terpolymer structure on the optical and electrochemical properties. The performance of an all-polymer solar cell (all-PSC) was comprehensively examined by blending the terpolymer with 2,7-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-4-(selenophen-2-yl)benzo[lmn][3,8]phenanthroline-1,3,6,8(2<I>H</I>,7<I>H</I>)-tetraone (NDI-Se). The as-cast blend film of Ter-3MTTPD:NDI-Se exhibits the highest power conversion efficiency of 7.66% in the all-PSC. This was further supported by the results of time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) in Ter-3MTTPD:NDI-Se blend film states which yielded the highest PL quenching efficiency (90%) resulting from the shortest average lifetime, <I>τ</I>ave of ∼67 ps, much smaller than those of the two binary copolymer blend films (<I>e.g.</I>, <I>τ</I>ave = 194 ps and 149 ps, respectively, for Co-3MT:NDI-Se and Co-TPD:NDI-Se). In addition, for an as-cast blend film of Ter-3MTTPD:NDI-Se in the active layer, the shelf-life (∼1000 h) of the all-PSC under ambient conditions was found to be much better compared to those of PSCs based on the other two binary copolymers, Co-3MT and Co-TPD.</P>

Study of Transport and Dielectric of Resistive Memory States in NiO Thin Film

Kim, Min Gyu,Kim, Sun Man,Choi, Eun Jip,Moon, Seung Eon,Park, Jonghyurk,Kim, Hyoung Chan,Park, Bae Ho,Lee, Myoung Jae,Seo, Sunae,Seo, David H.,Ahn, Seung Eun,Yoo, In Kyeong The Japan Society of Applied Physics 2005 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.44 No.42

<P>We have measured the DC resistance <I>R</I>(<I>T</I>) and AC dielectric constant ε(ω) for the bistable high-<I>R</I> and low-<I>R</I> states of NiO thin film. The high-<I>R</I> state shows thermally activated resistance and Debye relaxation of ε(ω). In the low-<I>R</I> state, <I>R</I>(<I>T</I>) exhibits a metallic temperature dependence of <I>R</I>(300K)⁄<I>R</I>(5K)=1.6. The value of ε(ω) is drastically different from that of the high-<I>R</I> state, and we interpret it in terms of the free-carrier Drude dielectric response. The plasma frequency ω<SUB><I>p</I></SUB><SUP>2</SUP> in the metallic low-<I>R</I> state is estimated to be 1.2×10<SUP>9</SUP>/cm<SUP>3</SUP>.</P>

Changes in Korean Consumers’ Perception on Food Preservatives by a Risk Communication Booklet

Suna Kim,Ji-Sun Kim,Hee-Jin Kang,Gunyoung Lee,Ho Soo Lim,Sang Soon Yun,Jeong-Weon Kim 한국식품위생안전성학회 2018 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.33 No.6

본 연구는 학부모를 대상으로 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 인식 수준과 정보요구도를 파악하고 이를 바탕으로 학부모의 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 올바른 이해와 안전한 식생활을 위한 교육자료를 개발하고자 하였다. 2014년 서울 경기지역 초등학생을 둔 학부모 381명을 대상으로 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 인식 및 정보요구도에 대한 설문조사를 수행한 결과 응답자 중 가공식품 구입시 안전성을 가장 중요한 요소라고 응답하였으며, 41.5%가 식품 첨가물을 가장 식품안전을 위협하는 것이라고 응답하였으며, 식품 첨가물 중에서는 보존료가 가장 위험하다고 응답하였다. 그러나 응답자의 90.6%가 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 교육 경험이 없다고 응답하였다. 설문결과와 학부모들의 정보요구도에 따라 교육홍보책자인 ‘보존료 바르게 알기’를 개발하였다. ‘보존료 바르게 알기’는 ‘보존료란 어떤 물질인가요?’, ‘보존료는 어떤 종류가 있나요?’, ‘보존료는 안전한가요?’, ‘가공식품, 어떻게 섭취해야 하나요?’, ‘식품첨가물은 식약처가 철저히 관리하고 있어요’ 등의 5장으로 구성하여 소비자인 학부모들이 알고싶어하는 내용들을 알기 쉽고 재미있게 전달할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 개발된 교육홍보책자를 초등학교 학부모에게 시범 적용한 결과, 사전 18.9%만이 보존료가 무엇인지 알고 있다고 응답한 수준에서 사후 90.9%가 그 역할을 이해하고 72.7%가 안전하다고 응답하여 개발된 책자가 보존료에 대한 이해도를 크게 높이고 보존료에 대한 오해를 바로잡을 수 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 교육홍보책자는 학부모를 비롯한 일반소비자들에게 보존료에 대한 이해를 높일 수 있는 효과적인 정보전달매체로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Food preservatives are very important food additives for the biological and chemical safety of processed foods. The purposes of this study were to investigate Korean consumer’s perception and information needs on food preservatives, to develop an educational booklet as a risk communication material on food preservatives, and to assess the educational effect of the developed booklet. To understand perception on food preservatives, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted by 381 parents having elementary school students at Seoul and Geoynggi area in Korea. Based on the survey results, brain storming of the authors along with consultation from the professionals, we developed a risk communication booklet about food preservatives. It was exposed to 35 parents of elementary school children, and their evaluation was collected by using a questionnaire and analyzed statistically. Respondents considered food safety (44.8%) as the most important factor while purchasing processed foods. They still perceived food additives as the most hazardous one (41.5%), and among those, food preservatives were the most concerned (45.9%). Total 67.7% of the respondents considered the consumption of food preservatives as hazardous or very hazardous. However, 90.6% of respondents did not have any educational experience about food additives and food preservatives. Based on their information needs, a science-based booklet consisting of the definition, classification, safety, intake, and management of food preservatives was developed. When the booklet titled as ‘Food preservatives, Just Know Them!’ was exposed to the parents via elementary school teacher, their negative perceptions on food additives and food preservatives were changed positively by increasing the understanding level on preservatives from 18.9% to 90.9% and obtaining 72.7% positive answers on their safety. Therefore, it could be used as an effective risk communication material on food preservatives.

Changes in Korean Consumers' Perception on Food Preservatives by a Risk Communication Booklet

Kim, Suna,Kim, Ji-Sun,Kang, Hee-Jin,Lee, Gunyoung,Lim, Ho Soo,Yun, Sang Soon,Kim, Jeong-Weon The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety 2018 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.33 No.6

본 연구는 학부모를 대상으로 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 인식 수준과 정보요구도를 파악하고 이를 바탕으로 학부모의 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 올바른 이해와 안전한 식생활을 위한 교육자료를 개발하고자 하였다. 2014년 서울 경기지역 초등학생을 둔 학부모 381명을 대상으로 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 인식 및 정보요구도에 대한 설문조사를 수행한 결과 응답자 중 가공식품 구입 시 안전성을 가장 중요한 요소라고 응답하였으며, 41.5%가 식품 첨가물을 가장 식품안전을 위협하는 것이라고 응답하였으며, 식품 첨가물 중에서는 보존료가 가장 위험하다고 응답하였다. 그러나 응답자의 90.6%가 식품첨가물 및 보존료에 대한 교육 경험이 없다고 응답하였다. 설문결과와 학부모들의 정보요구도에 따라 교육홍보책자인 '보존료 바르게 알기'를 개발하였다. '보존료 바르게 알기'는 '보존료란 어떤 물질인가요?', '보존료는 어떤 종류가 있나요?', '보존료는 안전한가요?', '가공식품, 어떻게 섭취해야 하나요?', '식품첨가물은 식약처가 철저히 관리하고 있어요' 등의 5장으로 구성하여 소비자인 학부모들이 알고 싶어하는 내용들을 알기 쉽고 재미있게 전달할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 개발된 교육홍보책자를 초등학교 학부모에게 시범 적용한 결과, 사전 18.9%만이 보존료가 무엇인지 알고 있다고 응답한 수준에서 사후 90.9%가 그 역할을 이해하고 72.7%가 안전하다고 응답하여 개발된 책자가 보존료에 대한 이해도를 크게 높이고 보존료에 대한 오해를 바로잡을 수 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 교육홍보책자는 학부모를 비롯한 일반소비자들에게 보존료에 대한 이해를 높일 수 있는 효과적인 정보전달매체로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Food preservatives are very important food additives for the biological and chemical safety of processed foods. The purposes of this study were to investigate Korean consumer's perception and information needs on food preservatives, to develop an educational booklet as a risk communication material on food preservatives, and to assess the educational effect of the developed booklet. To understand perception on food preservatives, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted by 381 parents having elementary school students at Seoul and Geoynggi area in Korea. Based on the survey results, brain storming of the authors along with consultation from the professionals, we developed a risk communication booklet about food preservatives. It was exposed to 35 parents of elementary school children, and their evaluation was collected by using a questionnaire and analyzed statistically. Respondents considered food safety (44.8%) as the most important factor while purchasing processed foods. They still perceived food additives as the most hazardous one (41.5%), and among those, food preservatives were the most concerned (45.9%). Total 67.7% of the respondents considered the consumption of food preservatives as hazardous or very hazardous. However, 90.6% of respondents did not have any educational experience about food additives and food preservatives. Based on their information needs, a science-based booklet consisting of the definition, classification, safety, intake, and management of food preservatives was developed. When the booklet titled as 'Food preservatives, Just Know Them!' was exposed to the parents via elementary school teacher, their negative perceptions on food additives and food preservatives were changed positively by increasing the understanding level on preservatives from 18.9% to 90.9% and obtaining 72.7% positive answers on their safety. Therefore, it could be used as an effective risk communication material on food preservatives.