정신분열증 환자의 인지적 결함 : 기억 및 기억 기원의 변별 과정을 중심으로 Memory and Discrimination of The Memory Sources

박상학,신재정,이민규 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.5

The authors investigated the relation between the disturbance of thought and perception and information processing. particulary memory and discrimination of memory sources. in the schizophrenic patients by using experimental procedures. The author tested 20 schizophrenic patients and 20 normal control subjects who were matched according to age. sex and education. All subjects were given 3 types of material set. The first. experimenter presentation set. were made up of 10 opposite word pairs. The second & third set were 10 cards each. A usual word with a cue letter of an opposite word. They were instructed to imagine only with the second set. and to write the opposite word along the cue letter with the third set. After the response sheets had been collected. they were asked to recall all responses in any order. Next. a new test sheet was given for the recognition & the discrimination of the memory sources. The result of the research were as follow: 1) Free recall; A significant decrease of recall ability was found in the schizophrenic group(3.15 words) as compared with the control group(6.68). 2) Recognition(hit rate); There was no significant difference of recognition ability between the SPR group(23.15) and the control group(23.6). 3) Schizophrenic group had poorer signal sensitivity(d'). 4) SPR group had more difficulty in discriminatng what they had imagined from what they had written. SPR group and control group were not different in discriminating what they had seen. 5) Error bias of the discrimination; Schizophrenic group showed markedly poor performance on the discrimination task. They mistook what they had seen as what they had written. what they had imagined as what they had written, and what they had written as what they had seen.

우리나라 物價變動會計制度의 導入方案에 관한 硏究

朴範鎬,宋在萬,李勉榮,蔡奎學 홍익대학교 경영연구소 1985 경영연구 Vol.9 No.-

As accounting is an outgrowth of society, we can say that the accounting system of each country is derived from its economic situation and from the people's outlook no economic values. Thus when the economic situation of one country is different from that of another country, and the outlook of the people of one country is different from that of another country, they the accounting system for changing prices as well as general accounting systems may be different. Actually accounting systems of different countries are not identical. The writers of this paper try to find an accounting system for changing prices suitable to out country. The writers review various theories on accounting systems for changing prices, survey accounting systems of various countries and basic patterns of such systems, and in vestigate the actual conditions of our country in order to provide accounting information which reflects the effect of changing prices and to give a practicable accounting system. In this paper, the writers state their opinions about accounting systems for changing prices as follows: 1)The demand for the publication of accounting information about the effect of changing prices upon the financial status and operational result of a business is a world-wide trend. Considering that our industries are now aiming at opening a capital market, we should establich an accounting system for changing prices in order to follow the world-wide current. 2) As we intend to follow the world-wide current, to get useful accounting information, and to get a practicable accounting system, the most suitable system for us is the current value accounting system The current value accounting system mentioned here does not provide information supplementary to that of the financial statements based on the historical cost but it provides a substitute of the current value financial statements for those based on the historical cost. Financial statements based on current values are standard statements. 3) In our country, there are no active studies or discussions on the accounting systems for changing prices. We need to set up an organization entirely responsible for the establishment of a desirable accounting system for changing prices, responsible for the establishment of guidelines for putting the system to use, and responsible for the coordination of the interests of those concerned.

전도도법에 의한 치환 피리딘들의 해리상수 측정과 그의 온도와 압력에 따른 영향

黃正儀,鄭倧在,金學成,尹永炷,朴義煥 慶北大學校 物理化學硏究所 1985 硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Generally, pyridine and most of substituted pyridines act as base in aqueous solutions. The strengths of their basicities can be expressed quantitatively by the dissociation constant of base or its conjugated acid. Generally, the acidity of substituted pyridines can be expressed by K_a of the following reaction. ◁그림삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) The dissociation constants of these subtituted pyridines have not been reported under high pressure but under atmospheric pressure. In this papers, the dissociation constants of some substituted pyridines were measured under high pressure by the conductometry. From the ionic conductivity of hydrogen ion, the dissociation constants(K_a) were calculated. The K_a values were increased with increasing temperature and were decreased with increasing pressure. The characteristics of dissociation process of some substituted pyridines were deduced from the thermodynamic properties calculated from the dissociation constants.

전도도법에 의한 치환 피리딘들의 해리상수 측정과 그의 온도와 압력에 따른 영향

黃正儀,鄭倧在,金學成,尹永炷,朴義煥 慶北大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

Generally, pyridine and most of substituted pyridines act as base in aqueous solutions. The strengths of their basicities can be expressed quantitatively by the dissociation constant of base or its conjugated acid. Generally, the acidity of substituted pyridines can be expressed by K_a of the following reaction. ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) The dissociation constants of these subtituted pyridines have not been reported under high pressure but under atmospheric pressure. In this papers, the dissociation constants of some substituted pyridines were measured under high pressure by the conductometry. From the ionic conductivity of hydrogen ion, the dissociation constants (K_a) were calculated. The K_a values were increased with increasing temperature and were decreased with increasing presure. The charateristics of dissociation process of some substituted pyridines were deduced from the thermodynamic properties calculated from the dissociation constants.

남성 성기자해에 대한 정신의학적 고찰

김상훈,김학렬,박상학,김재민,박찬원 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives : As the authors experienced 2 cases of male genital self-mutilation while psychotic, investigated with psychiatric points of view including general and psychiatric characteristics, family background, Psychodynamics of genital self-mutilation in Korea. Materials and Methods : Among total 20 cases of the genital self-mutilation, 4 accident-caused cases were excluded. Results : Epidemiological data showed that the most of the genital self-mutilation cases are twenties(56.3%); most are sing1e(68.5%) and the lower socio- economic c1asses(43.8%), the proportion of believers(31.2%) are somewhat larger than of those don't have any religions; most(50.0%) have no occupation. The familial background appeared that the most of them have grown up under widow mother's care(45.5%) and in some other places than their own homes(45.5%) and that there are relatively more first son (45.5%) among them. In terms of the mutilation types and instruments, transection of penis type were committed most frequent1y(93.8%), mostly by knives(68.8%). The formal diagnoses were mainly schizophrenia(87.5%) and schizoid personality disorder(12.5%). Major symptoms at the time of the act were delusion and/or hallucmation(62.5%) and depressive state(43.7%). Psychodynamically, lots of cases could be explained as to punish failures in the male ro1e(21.9%), related to re1igiosity(15.6%), and the wish to be or delusion of being fema1e(12.5%). Conclusion : Psychiatric investigation on the cases of genital self-mutilation reported in Korea suggests that the risk factors for the selfUmutilation on the genitalia are the deprivation of the early experiences required for personality development, Presence of psychotic disorder or depression, identity confusion, and the guilty feelings toward sexual aggression.

좌심실비후 환자에서 베타차단제의 급중단이 임상증상 및 좌심기능에 미치는 영향

황종현,김영태,배용학,임현주,조용근,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1997 慶北醫大誌 Vol.38 No.1

목적 : 베타 차단제와 칼슘 길항제의 장기투여로 안정상태에 있는 비후형 심근증이나 고혈압성좌심실비후 환자에서 이들 약제를 갑자기 중단하였을 때 혈역학, 심기능 및 임상상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 경북대학교 병원 순환기내과에서 통원치료중인 비후형 심근중 환자 5명과 심한좌심실비후를 동반한 고혈압 환자 6명(남자 6명, 여자 5명)을 대상으로 장기투여 중이던 베타 차단제와 칼슘 길항제를 최소 5일 중단한 후 임상증상, 혈압 및 심박수의 변동, 그리고 투약중지 전후에 도플러 심초음파도를 기록하여 좌심실내경, 벽두께, 좌심실근량, 구혈율 및 승모판혈류속도곡선의 변화를 관찰하였다. 결과 : 1) 약물치료 중단 후, 베타차단제의 경우 9명 중 6명에서, 그리고 칼슘길항제 및 디소피라미드를 복용하던 각 1명, 도합 7명의 환자에서 심계항진, 호흡곤란의 악화, 흉통이 관찰되었고, 심계항진을 호소한 1예에서는 심방세동이 재발되었다. 2) 혈압, 심박수, 확장말기 및 수축말기 좌심실내경, 심실중격 및 심실후벽 두께, 좌심실근량 및 구혈을 모두는 치료약물 중단 전후에 다소 변화하였으나 유의하지 않았다. 3) E파 최고속도와 E파 시간속도적분은 약물투여 중단 전후에 유의한 변화는 없었으나, A파 최고속도와 A파 시간속도적분은 중단 후에 각각 유의하게 증가하였으며(both P<0.01), E/A 최고속도비와 E/A 시간속도적분비는 각각 유의하게 감소하였다(both P<0.01). 한편, E파 감속시간, 등용이완시간 그리고 A-Ar 간격[A파의 최고점에서 A reversal(Ar)파의 최저점간의 시간] 모두는 중단 후 유의한 변화가 없었다. 1 결론 : 비후형 심근증 이나 고혈압성 좌심실비후 환자에서 장기투여중이던 베타 차단제와 칼슘길항제를 일시적으로 중단하였을 때 임상중상의 악화와 더불어 확장기 기능의 변화를 초래하였다. 따라서 약물치료로 비록 임상적으로 안정상태에 있더라도 치료를 갑자기 중단할 때는 주의해야 할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : This study was done to evaluate the changes in clinical findings, hemodynamics and cardiac function after abrupt withdrawal of longterm beta-blockers and/or calcium channel blockers in hemodynamically stable patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular(LV) hypertrophy associated with hypertension. Methods : Eleven patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(n=5) and LV hypertrophy associated with hypertension(n=6) were studied. Symptom assessment, blood pressure, electrocardiography and echocardiography including pulsed Doppler examination were obtained before and at least 5 days after abrupt cessation of beta-blockers and calcium antagonists. Results : 1) Deterioration in symptoms(i.e. palpitation, aggravation of dyspnea and chest pain) was observed in seven patients after abrupt withdrawal. 2) There were no significant changes in blood pressure, heart rate, end-systolic and end-diastolic LV dimensions, interventricular septal thickness, LV posterior wall thickness, LV mass, and ejection fraction before and after drug withdrawal. 3) Doppler time intervals and E wave peak-velocity and time velocity integral(TVI) were not significantly changed before and after drug withdrawal. But A wave peak-velocity and TVI after abrupt withdrawal were significantly increased(both p<0.01), and E/A peak-velocity ratio and TVI ratio were significantly decreased(both p<0.01). Conclusions : These findings suggest that temporary omission of beta blockers and calcium channel blockers develops deterioration in symptoms and LV diastolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and LV hypertrophy associated with hypertension. Physicians should avoid abrupt withdrawal of longterm beta blockers in LV hypertrophy.

항정신성 약물 사용에 따른 체중변화에 관한 연구

변은하,김상훈,김재민,박상학,김학열,박찬원 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

Objective : Weight gain is one of the common side effects of antipsychotics and it has been known that the quality of life is decreased by weight gain. Therefbre the purpose of this study is to compare weight gain among the antipsychotics, which are frequently used in the clinical practice. Methods : We performed a retrospective chart review of 124 patients with schizophrenia who were treated at least 12 weeks with typical antipsychotics (chlorpromazine and halopehdol) or atypical antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, and clozapine). They were divided into three groups as treated with chlorpromazine (N=44), with haloperidol (N=60), and with atypical antipsychotics (N=20) and body weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) were compared at O (Baseline), 8 and 12 week between the three groups. Additionally, we examined possible correlations of changes in body weight with baseline factors. Results : 1) Significant change in body weight and BMI were found during 12 weeks in all groups, received different kinds of antipsychotics but there were no significant differences between three groups. 2) Weight gain was prominent within 8 weeks in the treatment, but not significant after then in all the three groups. 3) Lower body weight in baseline was correlated with more weight gain with the treatment with antipsychotics. Conclusions: Antipsychotics were associated with weight gain in patients with schizophrenia, Particularly in the early stage of treatment. Therefore to increase the quality of life and improve the compliance of medication in treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorder, we must choice medication which are consistent with a individuality

A Case Study of Implementing Temporary Transportation System in the Seasonal Peak Period in Recreational Areas

( Jae Hyun Park ),( Kyung Chul Lee ),( Hag Rae Rho ) 한국문화관광학회 2014 문화관광연구 Vol.16 No.2

Many recreational areas for tourism such as national parks, beaches, and other famous attractions tend to have their peak seasons. When the peaks are clearly distinguishable from the ordinary non-peak seasons, travel demand often exceeds the capacity of transportation facilities. In turn, travelers face discomfort by severe traffic congestion, long queue in intersections, or crowded streets. This study introduces a temporary transportation system, which does not require costly investment to build new transportation facilities, providing additional capacity in the network to soothe the traffic flow only during the peak period. The system consists of modular runways, small sized vehicles and consolidated operating devices, designed to be built as freely as it is needed without massive sub-base course works, alias ‘Lego-typetransit system’. Afterwards, the system can be disassembled and carried for the next use, like the Lego blocks. Currently being in the phase of a conceptual design of the system, this paper examines a case study of a simulated scenario in a recreational area showing how this Lego-type transit system can be implemented in reality.

Osler-Rendu-Weber 증후군 환자에서 색전요법을 이용한 다발성 폐동정맥루 치험

김재학 ( Jae Hag Kim ),최택희 ( Taek Hee Choi ),남승모 ( Seung Mo Nam ),장재진 ( Jae Jin Chang ),박연희 ( Yeon Hee Park ),허남현 ( Nam Hyun Hur ),최두환 ( Du Hwan Choe ),이병희 ( Byung Hee Lee ),김유철 ( You Cheoul Kim ),이춘택 ( 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1997 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.44 No.4

호산구성 기관지염 환자의 임상적 경과: 전향적 관찰연구

박종근 ( Park Jong Geun ),박성우 ( Park Seong U ),이재학 ( Lee Jae Hag ),박종숙 ( Park Jong Sug ),서기현 ( Seo Gi Hyeon ),이영목 ( Lee Yeong Mog ),이준혁 ( Lee Jun Hyeog ),장안수 ( Jang An Su ),박재성 ( Park Jae Seong ),김양기 ( K 대한천식알레르기학회 2003 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.23 No.4