The Characterization of Hemicellulose Extract from Corn Stalk with Stepwise Alkali Extraction

Rui Li,Guihua Yang,Jiachuan Chen,Ming He 한국펄프·종이공학회 2017 펄프.종이技術 Vol.49 No.4

In this paper, the stepwise alkaline extraction and structural characterization of hemicelluloses in corn stalk were conducted, and the theoretical support for the application of hemicelluloses was provided. Stepwise alkaline extraction of dewaxed corn stalk was performed with water, KOH aqueous solution (0.6%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) and a mixture of KOH solution and ethanol with a volume ratio of 2:3, and under these conditions, 2.6%, 10.2%, 16.5%, 24.8%, 11.2% and 8.7% of total hemicelluloses were extracted from corn stalk, respectively. The six types of hemicelluloses from different KOH concentration extraction process were characterized by high performance anion exchange chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG), carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR) and hydrogen-1magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Xylose was the predominant sugar constituent in the six types of hemicelluloses, and arabinose, glucose and galactose were present in small amounts. The straight chain and higher thermal stability hemicellulose can be obtained at optimal alkali concentration. An optimal alkali solution concentration was found to be at 1.5% KOH with the higher yield, xylose content and thermal stability of the hemicelluloses. NMR analysis showed that the alkaline extraction of the corn stalk with 1.5% KOH did not result in any obvious change in the macromolecular structure of hemicelluloses.

Inpatients' Knowledge about Primary Liver Cancer and Hepatitis

He, Wen-Jing,Xu, Ming-Yan,Xu, Rui-Rui,Zhou, Xiao-Qiong,Ouyang, Jun-Jie,Han, Hui,Chen, Geng-Zhen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Objective: To assess the level of an inpatient population's awareness about hepatitis and primary liver cancer (PLC), the most common type of which is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and then to initiate education of this group. Methods: A survey was conducted with 1300 participants within the inpatient unit in representative tertiary hospitals in the Chaoshan area of China. Structured questionnaires contained demographic data and statements about different aspects of liver cancer and hepatitis. The questionnaires were completed by trained medical practitioners after they had conducted the interviews. Results: One way ANOVA showed that the sample population lacked adequate knowledge about HCC and hepatitis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the participant's level of education had the greatest impact on their total knowledge score when other variables remained constant. Conclusions: The study demonstrated: a general lack of awareness amongst the participants about the preventative strategies, and the management options available for people with primary liver cancer and hepatitis; education level was an important factor affecting knowledge levels. The demonstrated deficiencies in people's knowledge about hepatitis and HCC, and their lack of subsequent protective behaviours are likely to play an important role in HCC and hepatitis transmission or prevention.

Dieless bulging and nonlinear buckling of longan-shaped pressure hull

He Rui,Zhang Jian,Kaewunruen Sakdirat,Zhan Ming,Liu Ping 대한조선학회 2023 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.15 No.-

In this study, the dieless bulging and nonlinear buckling behaviours of a stainless longan-shaped pressure hull were investigated. According to the Cassini oval equation, the longan shape has a shape index of 0.1. The lengths of the major and minor axes of the designed longan-shaped pressure hull were approximately 400 and 396 mm, respectively. The wall thickness of this pressure hull was 1 mm. The Huberevon Mises stress and first yielding load of the designed longan-shaped shell and its inscribed polyhedral preform were investigated analytically and experimentally. Moreover, the dieless bulging of the designed longan-shaped pressure hull was investigated numerically and experimentally by using the nonlinear finite element method and a hydrostatic test, respectively. The analytical, experimental, and numerical results exhibited good agreement with each other.

Peach-specific aldehyde nonanal attracts female Oriental fruit moths, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Hui-Ming Xiang,Rui-Yan Ma,Hong-Liang Diao,Xian-Wei Li,Xiao-Juan He,Yong-Fu Guo 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.4

The oriental fruit moth (OFM), Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a serious pest of stone and pome fruit trees worldwide. G. molesta can switch hosts and produce multiple generations per year. Both the primary and secondary host plants of G. molesta emit aldehydes. Here, we tested whether these aldehydes are helpful for host switching of G. molesta. SPME (Solid Phase Microextraction)-GC–MS analysis identified four aldehydes (octanal, nonanal, decanal, and benzaldehyde) from volatiles of late-season yellow peach fruits. Of the four aldehydes, eletroantennogram analysis showed that nonanal produced the strongest response from the antennae of virgin and mated females. In Y-tube bioassays, only nonanal was attractive to mated G. molesta females amongst the four aldehydes, suggesting that nonanal is important for host recognition in G. molesta. In a field trial, each of the four aldehydes was tested as an attractant for both sexes of G. molesta. The traps baited with nonanal captured more female G. molesta, as compared to traps with other aldehydes and control; the traps baited with benzaldehyde captured most male G. molesta. Our research investigations provide theoretical foundation for biological control of G. molesta females. Future G. molesta lure designs should take into account sex-specific differences in the response to individual aldehydes.

Optimal Configuration of Flexible Interconnection Devices for Transferring Photovoltaic Power in Active Distribution Network

Wu Hongbin,He Ye,Lin Xueshan,Bi Rui,Hua Yuting,Sun Ming,Xu Bin 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.2

With the increasing penetration of distributed photovoltaic in distribution network, it is more difficult to control active distribution network (ADN). A flexible interconnection device (FID) can realize regional interconnection of the ADN through transferring power. However, the influence of installation position and number of FIDs on the ADN varies, it is necessary to analyze its operational planning model. In this study, first, a photovoltaic power and load forecasting model is established, followed by reduction of the typical scenarios. Second, the ADN operational planning model is established according to the line load balance index to analyze the coordination and determine the power transfer value of the FID in different installation positions and numbers for the ADN. Third, the net income index of the distribution network in the entire life cycle is established to analyze the economy of the ADN and determine the optimal FID installation location and quantity. Finally, numerous simulations and comparisons are carried out on the actual example system, and the results show that the FID can effectively transfer the active power, strengthen the ADN power supply level, and solve the problem of power supply imbalance caused by distributed photovoltaic access.

Characterization of an Alien Chromosome of Oryza officinalis Transferred the Genomic and Cytological Environment of Oryza sativa

Gang Li,Ming Tang,Wei Hu,Guangcun He,Hong Liu,Xuequn Liu,Rui Qin 한국식물학회 2010 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.4

Distant hybridization between rice species and their genome interactions have become the hot points of genetic research. The new formed hybrid was unstable and many of the alien chromosomes would be excluded out in the meiosis procedure. In this study, we investigated the phenomenon that the monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) of Oryza officinalis (CC)–Oryza sativa (AA)inherited in the genomic and cytoplasmic environments of cultivated rice. In a series of backcross programs, every time the MAALs were backcrossed with the recurrent parent Hejiang19, we get a portion of the backcross progenies that were similar to the female parent MAALs in morphological characters (with rolled leaves) and chromosome constitutions (2n+1). The monosomic alien chromosome exhibited stable inheritance in the genomic and cytoplasmic environments of cultivated rice. Molecular biology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)analyses on mitotic cells showed that the alien chromosomes in MAALs were inclined to be transferred integrated into the backcross progenies with rolled leaves and no big fragments of alien chromosomes introgressing into the chromosomes of cultivated rice. By FISH analysis on the meiotic cells, we proved that the single alien chromosome performing nonstandard meiosis and behaving like a dispensable genetic factor, which would be the cytological reasons for the stable inheritance of alien chromosomes.

열처리 시 S/Se 분말 비율에 따른 Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ (CZTSSe) 박막의 합성 및 특성 평가

강명길(Myeng Gil Gang),Ming Rui He,홍창우(Chang Woo Hong),김진혁(Jin Hyeok Kim) 한국태양광발전학회 2014 Current Photovoltaic Research Vol.2 No.4

Cu₂ZnSn(SxSe1-x)₄ (CZTSSe) absorber thin films were prepared on Mo coated soda lime glass substrates by sulfoselenization of sputtered stacked Zn-Sn-Cu precursor thin films. The Zn-Sn-Cu precursor thin films were sulfo-selenized inside a graphite box containing S and Se powder using rapid thermal processing furnace at 540°C in Ar atmosphere with pre-treatment at 300°C. The effect of different S/Se ratio on the structural, compositional, morphological and electrical properties of the CZTSSe thin films were studied using XRD (X-ray diffraction), XRF (X-ray fluorescence analysis), FE-SEM (field-emission scanning electron microscopy), respectively. The XRD, FE-SEM, XRF results indicated that the properties of sulfo-selenized CZTSSe thin films were strongly related to the S/Se composition ratio. In particular, the CZTS thin film solar cells with S/(S+Se)=0.25 shows best conversion efficiency of 4.6% (Voc : 348 mV, Jsc : 26.71 mA/cm², FF : 50%, and active area : 0.31 cm²). Further detailed analysis and discussion for effect of S/Se composition ratio on the properties CZTSSe thin films will be discussed.

AT1 Receptor Modulator Attenuates the Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Impairment of the Myocardial Ischemic Post-Conditioning Benefits

Yun-Wei Li,Yan-Ming Li,Yan Hon,Qi-Lin Wan,Rui-Li He,Zhi-Zhong Wang,Cui-Hua Zhao 대한심장학회 2017 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.47 No.2

Background and Objectives: Ischemic post-conditioning (PostC) has been demonstrated as a novel strategy to harness nature’s protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Hypercholesterolemia (HC) has been reported to block the effect of PostC on the heart. Angiotensin II type-1 (AT1) modulators have shown benefits in myocardial ischemia. The present study investigates the effect of a novel inhibitor of AT1, azilsartan in PostC of the heart of normocholesterolemic (NC) and HC rats. Materials and Methods: HC was induced by the administration of high-fat diet to the animals for eight weeks. Isolated Langendorff’s perfused NC and HC rat hearts were exposed to global ischemia for 30 min and reperfusion for 120 min. I/R-injury had been assessed by cardiac hemodynamic parameters, myocardial infarct size, release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, nitrite in coronary effluent, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, a reduced form of glutathione, superoxide anion, and left ventricle collagen content in normal and HC rat hearts. Results: Azilsartan post-treatment and six episodes of PostC (10 sec each) afforded cardioprotection against I/R-injury in normal rat hearts. PostC protection against I/R-injury was abolished in HC rat hearts. Azilsartan prevented the HC-mediated impairment of the beneficial effects of PostC in I/R-induced myocardial injury, which was inhibited by L-N5-(1-Iminoethyl)ornithinehydrochloride, a potent inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Conclusion: Azilsartan treatment has attenuated the HC-induced impairment of beneficial effects of PostC in I/R-injury of rat hearts, by specifically modulating eNOS. Azilsartan may be explored further in I/R-myocardial injury, both in NC and HC conditions, with or without PostC.

LncRNA TMPO-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by forming biomolecular condensates with FUS and p300 to regulate TMPO transcription

Luo Xiao-Jing,He Ming-Ming,Liu Jia,Zheng Jia-Bo,Wu Qi-Nian,Chen Yan-Xing,Meng Qi,Luo Kong-Jia,Chen Dong-Liang,Xu Rui-Hua,Zeng Zhao-Lei,Liu Ze-Xian,Luo Hui-Yan 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most life- and health-threatening malignant diseases worldwide, especially in China. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in ESCC require further exploration. Here, in combination with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) library targeting specific lncRNAs, we performed MTS and Transwell assays to screen functional lncRNAs that were overexpressed in ESCC. TMPO-AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC tumor samples, with higher TMPOAS1 expression positively correlated with shorter overall survival times. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments revealed that TMPO-AS1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC cells. Mechanistically, TMPO-AS1 bound to fused in sarcoma (FUS) and recruited p300 to the TMPO promoter, forming biomolecular condensates in situ to activate TMPO transcription in cis by increasing the acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac). Targeting TMPO-AS1 led to impaired ESCC tumor growth in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. We found that TMPO-AS1 is required for cell proliferation and metastasis in ESCC by promoting the expression of TMPO, and both TMPO-AS1 and TMPO might be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ESCC.

Comparative microbiome analysis reveals bacterial communities associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection in the Huanglongbing insect vector Diaphorina citri

Liu Kai,Pang Rui,Guan Zi-ying,Zhong Ming-zhao,He Jia-wei,Han Qun-xin 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2

The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is a major pest of the citrus industry and is also the vector for Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), a destructive Huanglongbing (HLB) disease of citrus trees. Insect endosymbionts and gut bacteria play important roles in vector-pathogen interactions and host immunity. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the correlation between CLas infection and the microbiome in D. citri by conducting 16S rRNA amplification sequencing on insects successfully and unsuccessfully infected with CLas (CLas-infected and noninfected). Genera Candidatus Profftella, Wolbachia, and Candidatus Carsonella were highly abundant genera in all tested samples. Compared with the non-infected and control groups, CLas-infected samples harboured more observed OTUs and showed higher alpha diversity metrics. Principal coordinate analysis based on beta-diversity metrics indicated two distinct clusters between the CLas-infected samples and non-infected/control samples. Subsequent LEfSe analysis revealed that Candidatus Profftella was more abundant in the non-infected group than in the control and CLas-infected groups. The interaction network also indicated a co-exclusion relationship be tween Candidatus Profftella and CLas, while CLas co-existed with Wolbachia, several Enterobacteriaceae spp., and multiple other bacteria. Our study provides insight into the interaction between the microbiome community in D. citri and CLas, which can facilitate the management of this pest and its associated pathogen.