Use of Antimicrobial Food Additives as Potential Dipping Solutions to Control Pseudomonas spp. Contamination in the Frankfurters and Ham

Mi Hwa Oh,Beom Young Park,Hyun Ji Jo,Soo Min Lee,Hee Young Lee,Kyoung Hee Choi,Yo Han Yoon 한국축산식품학회 2014 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.34 No.5

This study evaluated the effect of sodium diacetate and sodium lactate solutions for reducing the cell count of Pseudomo-nas spp. in frankfurters and hams. A mixture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCCP10338, NCCP10250, and NCCP11229),and Pseudomonas fluorescens (KACC10323 and KACC10326) was inoculated on cooked frankfurters and ham. The inoc-ulated samples were immersed into control (sterile distilled water), sodium diacetate (5 and 10%), sodium lactate (5 and10%), 5% sodium diacetate + 5% sodium lactate, and 10% sodium diacetate + 10% sodium lactate for 0-10 min. Inoculatedfrankfurters and ham were also immersed into acidified (pH 3.0) solutions such as acidified sodium diacetate (5 and 10%),and acidified sodium lactate (5 and 10%) in addition to control (acidified distilled water) for 0-10 min. Total aerobic platecounts for Pseudomonas spp. were enumerated on Cetrimide agar. Significant reductions (ca. 2 Log CFU/g) in Pseudomo-nas spp. cells on frankfurters and ham were observed only for a combination treatment of 10% sodium lactate + 10% sodiumdiacetate. When the solutions were acidified to pH 3.0, the total reductions of Pseudomonas spp. were 1.5-4.0 Log CFU/g. The order of reduction amounts of Pseudomonas spp. cell counts was 10% sodium lactate > 5% sodium lactate ≥ 10%sodium diacetate > 5% sodium diacetate > control for frankfurters, and 10% sodium lactate > 5% sodium lactate > 10%sodium diacetate > 5% sodium diacetate > control for ham. The results suggest that using acidified food additive antimicro-bials, as dipping solutions, should be useful in reducing Pseudomonas spp. on frankfurters and ham.

Aerobic exercise training enhances cell proliferation and reduces IL-2 and IL-6 cytokine production in spleen of high fat diet-induced obese mice

( Hee Geun Park ),( Deog Jo Jung ),( Jun Hyun Jeong ),( Jong Kui Jun ),( A Ram Yoon ),( Young Ran Lee ),( Kyung Eun Min ),( Myung Hwa Kim ),( Kwang Moo Lee ),( Wang Lok Lee ) 한국운동영양학회 2013 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.17 No.1

This study investigated the effect of aerobic exercise training on immune cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production in the spleen of high fat diet-induced obese mice. C57B1J6 male mice (4 weeks aged. n20) were fed a high fat diet (45% fat) for 5 weeks so that obesity was led intentionally. Then, these obese mice were divided into 2 groups: control group (CON. n10) or exercise group (EXE, n=l0). EXE performed treadmill running for 30-60 min/day at 10-22 m/min, 0% grade, five times per week for 8 weeks. After 13 weeks, all the splenocyte was collected and Con A (Concanvalin A 10 ㎍/ml) was used to stimulate the cell proliferation. MTS and BIOPLEX assay were used for cell proliferation and cytokine production. Independent t-test was used and a p-value under 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. In the results, body weight, IL-2 and IL-6 production were significantly reduced and Splenocyte proliferation was significantly increased after 8 weeks of exercise training. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise training has a positive effect for improving the obese-induced immune dysfunction.

인체혈장 중 에탐부톨의 HPLC 분석법의 검증 및 단일용량 투여에 의한 약물동태 연구

곽혜선,박경호,최준식,송진아,성민경,장정옥,이화정 한국약제학회 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.2

An HPLC method was employed for the determination of ethambutol in human plasma. After addition of internal standard (IS, octylamine, 2 μg/mL) and alkalinization of the plasma with 5 M sodium hydroxide, the drug and IS were extracted into the mixture of chloroform and diethyl ether (40:60, v/v). Following a 15-min vortex-mixing and a 10-min centrifugation, the organic phase was spiked with 100 pL of phenylethylisocyanate (2000 μg/mL) for chemical derivatization, mixed for 5 min and evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was reconstituted with 100 μL of mobile phase and 20 pL was injected into Cl8 column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol:water (70:30, v/v). The samples were detected utilizing an ultraviolet detector at 200 nm. The method was specific and validated with a limit of 0.15 μg/mL. Infra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were acceptable for all quality control samples including the lower limit of quantification. The applicability of this method was demonstrated by analysis of human plasma after oral administration of a single 1200-mg dose to 20 healthy subjects. From the plasma ethambutol concentration vs. time curves, the mean AUC was 9.61 ± 1.64 μg hr/mL. and Cmax of 2.68 μg/mL reached 2.73 hr after administration. The mean biological half-life of ethambutol was 3.46 ± 1.21 hr. Based on the results, this simple and validated assay could readily be used in any pharmacokinetic studies using humans.

피프로닐 오염도 조사를 위한 분석법 정립

조순길 ( Soon-kil Cho ),이미진 ( Mi-jin Lee ),이정민 ( Jeong-min Lee ),김호진 ( Ho-jin Kim ),박수민 ( Soo-min Park ),박혜진 ( Hye-jin Park ),이승화 ( Seung-hwa Lee ),안종성 ( Jong-sung Ahn ) 한국환경농학회 2018 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2018 No.-

2017년 유럽에서 피프로닐에 오염된 계란이 유통된데 이어 국내에서 생산된 일부 계란에서도 살충제가 검출되었다. 피프로닐은 진드기 방제 목적으로 사용되는 살충제로 sulfide, sulfone, amide, sulfoxide의 대사산물을 생성한다. 피프로닐은 물에 1.9 mg/L 정도 용해되고, 아세톤에 545.9g/L가 용해되는 성질이 있어 시료 채취시 아세톤을 사용한다. 농장시설 등에 부착된 피프로닐을 제거하기 위해 5% 탄산나트륨(Na2CO3)과 15% 과산화수소(H2O2)를 권장하고 있다. 이는 피프로닐을 피프로닐설폰으로 산화시킨 다음 반복적으로 사용하여 제거한다. 이러한 제거 작업을 통해 피프로닐이 제거된 정도를 조사할 필요가 있고, 이를 위한 분석법 정립이 필요하다. 시료를 250 mL 용기에 넣고 1% 함유 아세토니트릴 100 mL을 주가하여 10분간 격렬하게 진탕한 후, 3500 rpm으로 원심분리를 하였다. 추출액 1 mL을 0.2 um 멤브레인필터로 여과하여 시험용액으로 하였다. 칼럼은 C18(2.0 mm I.d×50mm, 3 um)을 사용하였고, 이동상은 0.1% 포름산 함유 메탄올과 0.1% 포름산 및 5 mM 아세트산암모늄이 함유된 물을 사용하였다. 분석조건으로 피프로닐의 선구이온은 437 m/z, 생성이온은 368, 255, 290 m/z, positive 조건으로 분석하였고, 피프로닐 설폰의 선구이온은 451 m/z, 생성이온은 415, 282, 244 m/z negative 조건으로 분석하였다. 분석법의 정량한계는 피프로닐 0.92 ug/kg, 피프로닐설폰 0.70 ug/kg이었다. 피프로닐과 피프로닐 설폰을 각각 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 ug/kg 수준으로 검량선을 작성한 결과, r2는 모두 0.9999이었다. 10 ug/kg과 50 ug/kg 수준의 3반복 회수율 실험결과, 10ug/kg 수준에서 피프로닐은 74.7±0.56%, 피프로닐 설폰은 88.9± 0.27%로 나타났다. 50 ug/kg 수준에서는 피프로닐은 78.6±0.11%, 피프로닐 설폰은 95.2±0.02%로 유효회수율 범위(70~120%)에 포함되었다. 머무름 시간은 피프로닐 5.3 mim, 피프로닐 설폰은 5.7min에서 검출되었다. 교차확인 목적으로 LC/MS/MS로 분석한 시료를 GC/μ-ECD로 분석을 하였다. 분석조건은 주입구 온도 250℃, (5%-Phenyl)-methylpolysiloxane이 충진된 30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 um길이의 칼럼이다. 오븐온도는 130℃에서 300℃까지 승온 조건으로 분석하였고, 머무름시간은 피프로닐 11.64 min, 피프로닐 설폰12.79 min으로 LC/MS/MS와 GC/μ-ECD 모두 표준물질과 시료의 결과가 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 정립된 분석법은 피프로닐 오염도조사를 위한 분석법으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

결핵항원에 의한 결핵환자 말초혈액 단핵구의 IL-2,IL-10 및 TNF-α mRNA 발현비교

박정규,임영재,김화중,조은경,민들레,임재현,최덕례,박성규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

The various clinical features of tuberculosis are mediated by diverse cytokines produced by various immune cells which are initially triggered by M. tuberculosis antigens. CD4+ T cells can be classified into two subsets according to the patterns of cytokines they produce; Thl cells give rise to cell-mediated immunity and are characterized by the production of IL-2 and IFN-y, whereas Th2 cells are more efficient in mediating antibody production and secrete II-4, IL-5, IL-6 and II-10, Thl cells can control Th2 cell and vice versa. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy, cured and chronic refractory tuberculosis patients were stimulated with PPD, TSP and PHA antigen, and lymphoproliferative response and expression of II-2, IL- 10, TNF-α mRNAs were measured. Lymphoproliferative responses to PPD, TSP and PHA antigen were depressed in chronic refractory case compared with others expression of IL-2 mRNA was depressed in chronic refractory case stimulated with all antigens. Expression of IL-10 and TNF-α were depressed in cured and chronic refractory cases stimulated with PPD and TSP antigens.

치과병원 진료실 내에서 메티실린 또는 반코마이신 저항성 Staphylococcus aureus의 검출

민정희,박순낭,황호길,민정범,김화숙,국중기 대한치과보존학회 2007 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.32 No.2

본 연구는 조선대학교 치과병원의 진료환경 및 진료요원으로부터 기회감염성 병원체로 알려진 methicillin 또는 vancomycin 저항성 황색포도상 구균 (methicillin- or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: MRSA or VRSA)의 존재 여부를 조사하여, 이를 광주지역 개원치과와 비교분석을 통해 현재 조선대학교 치과병원의 MRSA와 VRSA의 오염정도를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 진료실 환경 및 진료요원으로부터 분리한 S. aureus 균주들의 8종 항생제에 대한 감수성 조사를 시행하고, 기존에 알려진 항생제 내성 유전자 존재 여부를 PCR법을 이용하여 확인하였다. 그 결과, 조선대학교 치과병원의 진료요원에서 채취한 샘플 중 1개 (2.3%), 개원 치과에서는 2명 (10%)의 진료요원의 샘플에서 S. aureus가 분리되었으며, 진료환경에서는 두 곳 모두에서 S. aureus가 검출되지 않았다. 조선대학교 치과병원과 개원치과에서 분리된 S. aureus는 amoxicillin, penicillin G, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, vancomycin에 내성을 보이며, oxacillin, cefuroxime에는 균주에 따라 감수성 또는 내성을 보였다. 조선대학교 치과병원에서 분리 된 S. aureus는 erythromycin과 clindamycin에 내성 유전자인 ermA가 존재 하였으며, 개원치과에서 분리된 3개의 S. aureus 중 2개에서 penicillin과 oxacillin에 내성 유전자 mecA가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. Vancomycin 내성 유전자인 vanA, vanB는 어떠한 샘플에서도 검출되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 본 연구는 조선대학교 치과병원과 개원치과의 S. aurues 분포 및 MRSA 또는 VRSA의 존재여부를 조사하여 MRSA와 VRSA의 확산예방을 위한 치과진료 환경의 개선과 적절한 항생제 사용에 대한 기초 자료를 제공할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to obtain the basic information for the improvement of dental environment by investigating the presence of methicillin- or vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA or VRSA) isolated from dental health care workers (DHCWs) and environment of the Chosun University Dental Hospital (CUDH) and a private dental clinic (control group). Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was isolated from anterior nares of 42 DHCWs and 38 sites, unit chairs, x-ray devices, computers, etc., at 10 departments of the CUDH and 20 DHCWs and 11 sites at the private dental clinic. S. aureus was isolated on mannitol salt agar plate and confirmed by PCR with S. aureus species-specific primer. Antimicrobial susceptibility test of clinical isolates of S. aureus against several antibiotics including methicillin (oxacillin) was performed by investigating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using broth microdilution assay. In addition, PCR was performed to detect the methicillin- or vancomycin-resistant gene. The data showed that one strain of S. aureus was isolated from DHCWs of the CUDH and three strains of S. aureus was isolated from 3 samples of the private dental clinic, respectively. All of the isolates from the CUDH and the private dental clinic had resistance to penicillin G, amoxicillin and vancomycin and susceptibility to oxacillin and ciprofloxacin. The S. aureus strains were already obtained the resistance to penicillin G and amoxicillin. These results suggest that two dental clinics were under relatively safe environment.

Java Native Interface를 이용한 효율적인 자바 애플리케이션 구현에 관한 연구

박종민,김화종 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2004 정보통신논문지 Vol.8 No.-

The applications that use the Java Native Interface(JNI) can incorporate native code w&& in programming languages such as C or C++. The JNI allows programmers to take advantage of the power of the Java platform, Without having b abandon their investments in legacy code. This paper introduces the JNI and shows be situation that problems can be occurred during writing the JNI code and explains how these problems can be solved. Finally, this paper presents various efficient techniques that can be applied when one implements the Java application using JNI.

결핵균 30 kDa 항원과 Triton X-100 Solubilized Protein 항원에 의한 대장암 주변 림프절 단핵구의 활성화

박정규,김광호,조은경,임재현,민들레,송영자,김화중,백태현 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

Tumor-draining lymph node mononuclear (TDLMN) cells are specifically sensitized to the growing tumor but such cells are deficient for mediating an antitumor response. In this study, we examined the feasibility of using mycobacterial 30 kDa or Triton X-100 solubilized protein (TSP) antigen to stimulate mononuclear cells of colon cancer-draining lymph node for the generation of cell mediated immune effector cells. The proliferative response of TDLMN cells stimulated with mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was determined by ^(3)H-thymidine incorporation assay. The proliferation of TDLMN cells to mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was significantly increased in PPD (+) patients, but a poor response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen was observed in PPD (-). The expression on γδ T cells to mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was assessed by flow cytometry. The γδ T cells from PPD ( + ) patient responded only to 30 kDa antigen but to TSP antigen. An investigation of cytokine mRNA expression was undertaken using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to follow TDLMN cells stimulated with the 30 kDa or TSP antigens for 5 days. The IFN-γ and TNF-α mRNA expression was only induced in TDLMN cells of PPD ( + ) patient in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. The IL-2 mRNA expression was induced in both PPD (+) and PPD (-) in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. But the IL-4 mRNA expression was not induced in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. These results suggest that the 30 kDa and TSP antigens may serve as biologic response modifier for the generation of cell mediated immune effector cells.

인간 타액선세포 및 선암종세포주의 분화 유도시 Transglutaminase발현과 고정의존성 성장과의 관계

박대열,이선경,이화정,장현주,민승기,김은철 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.2

Transglutaminase(TGase) catalyzes the Ca^2+ dependent acyl transfer reaction to from γ-glutamyl lysine cross-links between substrate proteins. we have examined the expression of TGase 1 and TGase 2 enzyme activity and protein expression in differentiation induced salivary gland cells(HSG), and human salivary adenocarcinoma cell lines(SGT)in reation to anchorage independent growth. The TGase1 and TGase 2 activity in SGT was higher than in HSG, and there is no significant difference between TGase 2 and TGase1 cells. HSG cells showed no increase in TGase 1 and TGase 2 upon reaching post confluence and in 1.8mM Ca^2+. Expression of the TGase 1 and TGase 2 was induced by high cell density or by high calcium in SGT. No induction of TGase 1 & 2 protein was observed in postconfiuent HSG cells, but there was notable increases in TGase 1 & 2 protein in post confiuent SGT cells. This pattern of TGase 1 & 2 protein expression correlates with the pattern of particulate activity. SGT cells showed more colony size and colony forming activity in soft agar rather than HSG cells. The ability of SGT cells, containing high levels of TGase 2 and TGase1,to form colonies in soft agar suggests a role for this enzyme in anchorage independence.

韓.日 하이테크産業의 硏究開發과 마아케팅 統合에 관한 實證的 硏究

朴仁守,朴徹敏,黃華鐵,金容萬 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 1994 産業經營 Vol.17 No.-