Eucheuma spinosum으로부터 다양한 효모를 이용한 바이오에탄올 생산

김민지(Min-Ji Kim),김정수(Jung-Soo Kim),라채훈(Chae Hun Ra),김성구(Sung-Koo Kim) 한국생물공학회 2013 KSBB Journal Vol.28 No.5

Ethanol fermentations were performed using separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) processes with monosaccharides from pretreated seaweed, Eucheuma spinosum as the biomass. The pretreatment was carried out with 11% (w/v) seaweed slurry and 150 mM H₂SO₄ at 121℃ for 40 min. Enzyme hydrolysis after H₂SO₄ pretreatment was performed with Celluclast 1.5 L at 45℃ for 24 h. Five % active charcoal were added to hydrolysate to removed 5-hydroxy methylfurfural. Ethanol fermentation with 11% (w/v) seaweed hydrolysate was performed for 72~96 h using Kluyvermyces marxianus, Pichia stipits, Saccharomyces cervisiae and Candida tropicalis. Ethanol concentration was reached to 18 g/L by K. marxianus, 16 g/L by P. stipitis, 15 g/L by S. cerevisiae and 10 g/L by C. tropicalis, respectively. The ethanol yield from total monosugar was obtained 0.50 and ethanol productivity was obtained 0.38 g/L/h by K. marxianus.

Saccharina japonica를 이용한 전처리 및 분리당화발효와 동시당화발효로부터 에탄올 생산

김민지(Min-Ji Kim),김성구(Sung-Koo Kim) 한국생물공학회 2012 KSBB Journal Vol.27 No.2

Ethanol fermentations were carried out using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and separated hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) processes with monosaccharides from seaweed, Saccharina japonica (sea tangle, Dasima) as the biomass. The pretreatment was carried out by thermal acid hydrolysis with H₂SO₄ or HCl. Optimal pretreatment condition was determined at 10% (w/v) seaweed slurry with 37.5 mM H₂SO₄ at 121℃ for 60 min. To increase the yield of saccharfication, isolated marine bacteria Bacillus sp. JS-1 was used and 48 g/L of reducing sugar were produced. Ethanol fermentation was performed using SSF and SHF process with Pachysolen tannophilus KCTC 7937. The ethanol concentration was 6.5 g/L by SSF and 6.0 g/L by SHF.

Cytochalasin B 첨가 용액에서 미세주입된 돼지 수정란의 착상전 발달과 품질에서 melatonin의 효과 : Effects of melatonin on pre-implantation embryonic development and quality of microinjected porcine embryos under the cytochalasin B containing solution

김민지 ․ 구덕본 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 2018 産業技術硏究 Vol.29 No.2

Production of transgenic animals are being used in various fields such as commercial application, human diseases model and drug discovery. One of these animals production method of transgenic animal is direct transfer by pronuclear microinjection. However, the production efficiency of transgenic animals using the pronuclear microinjection is remarkably low. In addition, appropriate conditions such as improving the embryo developmental competence and high quality of blastocysts for the production of transgenic embryos are being required, but studies for these process have not been reported. Therefore, this study investigated the embryonic developmental competence and quality of blastocysts after pronuclear microinjection by using cytochalasin B (CB) or/and melatonin. Cytochalasin B (CB) is important to play role in microinjection by making smoother of the zygote cytoplasm, as well as melatonin is known to improve the embryonic developmental competence and embryos quality. First, we performed the microinjection using injection medium with 10 µg/ml CB and cultured the microinjected zygotes in 0.1 µM melatonin treated within culture medium. Next, we confirmed the DNA damage of microinjected blastocysts using immunofluorescence staining with RAD51 (DNA repairs detection protein) and H2AX139ph (DNA damage detection protein). CB treated group significantly increased blastocyst development rate compared with CB non-treated group (P < 0.05; 25.0 ± 7.2% vs. 17.0 ± 1.3%). After microinjection under the CB treatment, blastocyst development rate and formation of expanded blastocysts were higher in melatonin treated group than those of melatonin non-treated group (29.7 ± 8.3% vs. 24.4 ± 7.7%). In addition, melatonin treated group increased the numbers of RAD51 positive cells compared with non-treated group (P < 0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that CB and melatonin treatment have positive effects for improving the production efficiency of transgenic embryos.

단클론항체 표지된 항암제 봉입 리포좀의 제조 및 물성연구

구민지,김진석 숙명여자대학교 약학연구소 2010 약학논문집-숙명여자대학교 Vol.25 No.-

젬시타빈은 비소세포성 폐암이나 훼장암, 유방암 동 고형암의 치료에 사용되는 대표적인 항암제인데, 약물의 혈중 반감기가 매우 짧은 단점으로 인해 현재 임상적으로는 고농도의 정맥 주입 방식으로 약물치료가 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 새로운 약물 전달 시스템을 젬시타빈에 도입하여 약물의 반감기를 높이고 동시에 병소로의 약물 전달을 증진시켜 선택적인 항암효과를 얻고자 인간 표피 성장 인자-2 (HER-2)를 억제하는 전이성 유방암 치료제로 잘 알려져 있는 단 클론 항체 약물인 허셉틴을 부착한 리포좀을 제조하고 그 물성을 연구 분석하였다.

하수슬러지 발효고화에 의한 Biosoil의 매립장 복토재 Lysimeter 평가

지민구,김규하,이수구 서울産業大學校 2005 논문집 Vol.54 No.3

현재 하수슬러지의 발생양은 매년 증가하는 추세로 함수율이 높은 유기성 하수 슬러지는 2차 오염을 유발시키고 처리, 처분 단계에서 여러 가지 방법이 논의되고 있지만, 합리적인 처리가 어려워 세계적으로 중요한 과제로 떠오르고 있다. 이에 하수슬러지의 최종처분 및 재활용 방안 마련을 위하여, 하수슬러지를 발효·고화시킨 Biosoil을 매립지의 복토재로 사용하기 위해 현재 매립장에서 복토재로 일반적올 사용되고 있는 토양을 비교, 검토하고자 하였다. 하수 슬러지를 고화, 발효시킨 Biosoil과 일반 복토재로 사용하고 있는 흙을 Lysimeter를 통해 비교 연구하여 복토재로서의 재활용 가능성을 평가해 보고자 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 실험 재료의 물리, 화학적 성질을 알아보기 위해 매립전후 일반 토양과 Biosoil의 유기물량, pH. 등을 측정하였으며, 동일한 Lysimeter 2기에 각각 일반토양과 Biosoil을 복토하여 비교실험을 하였다. 장치 내부에는 매립장과 동일하게 생활쓰레기를 성상 분석하여 충진 하였고, 인공강우를 주기적으로 살수하였다. 연구 결과 매립전후 일반토양의 유기물량은 일반흙과 비슷하였으나 Biosoil은 매립 후 유기물량은 다소 낮아졌으며 pH는 매립후 일반토양, Biosoil 모두 낮아졌다. 또한 토질시험결과 Biosoil의 투수게수는 5.68 x 10^(-6)cm/sec로 매립장 복토재로서의 조건을 충분히 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 실제로 복토후의 모습을 관찰하기 위해 실외에서 실시한 기상실험에서도 건조한 하수슬러지에 비해 재슬러지화가 일어나지 않았으며, 일반흙과 비슷하게 다져지게 나타났다. 위와 같이 하수슬러지를 재활용한 복토재로의 가능성을 살펴본 결과 복토재로서의 사용가능성을 보이고 있으며, 더 많은 연구를 통해 재활용 복토재로의 사용가능성을 더높여야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Development of Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Enhancing the Bioavailability of Atorvastatin

( Shun Ji Jin ),( Won Kyung Cho ),( Hee Jun Park ),( Kwang Ho Cha ),( Jun Sung Park ),( Ja Seong Koo ),( Hun Sik Wang ),( Jeong Soo Kim ),( Min Soo Kim ),( Sung Joo Hwang ) 한국약제학회 2011 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.41 No.2

The objective of the study was to prepare self-microeulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) incorporating atorvastatin calcium and evaluate its properties and oral bioavailability. Solubility of atorvastatin in various vehicles was determined. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the good self-emulsification region. The droplet size distributions of the resultant emulsions were determined by dynamic light scattering measurement. The mean droplet size of chosen formulation (20% ethyl oleate, 40% tween-80, 40% Carbitol(R)) was 23.4±1.3 nm. The SMEDDS incorporating atorvastatin calcium appeared to be associated with better performance in dissolution and pharmacokinetic studies, compared with raw atorvastatin calcium. In dissolution test, the release percentage of atorvastatin from SMEDDS mixture could rapidly reach more than 95% within 3 min. Oral AUC0→8(hr)values in SD rats was 1994±335 ng·hr/mL, which significantly increased (P<0.05) compared with raw atorvastatin calcium. The SMEDDS formulation was relatively stable when stored at 4˚C during 3 months. Our studies illustrated the potential use of SMEDDS for the delivery of hydrophobic compounds, such as atorvastatin, by the oral route.

정신분열증 환자에서 주관적 음성증상경험의 임상적 의의

김지웅,김찬형,구민성,손석한,박진철,최문종,이은철,윤도준,이홍식 대한신경정신의학회 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.1

연구목적 : 현재까지 정신분열증의 음성증상평가는 주로 객관적인 평가에만 의존해왔기 때문에, 환자들이 주관적으로 직접 경험하는 음성증상의 평가는 경시된 경향이 있었다. 그러나 실제 많은 정신분열증 환자들은 음성증상을 자가하고 있다. 특히, 개관적인 양성 및 음성증상이 관찰되지 않는 경우에도 환자 본인은 음성증상으로 괴로워한다는 이전의 연구보고들이 있었다. 따라서 저자들은 주관적인 음성증상경험과 개관적인 양성증상 및 음성 증상, 우울증상, 불안증상, 추세외로증상과의 상관성을 알아봄으로써 정신분열증의 정신병리에 있어 주관적 음성증상의 존재를 규명하고, 정신분열증 정신병리의 발생기전을 유추해보며 이차적 음성증상과의 관계를 규명하고자 하였으며. 이러한 연구가 정신분열증 정신병리를 이해하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 뿐 아니라 환자를 공감적으로 이해하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되어 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : DSM-Ⅳ 진단기준의 정신분열증 진단기준에 해당하는 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 주관적인 음성증상의 평가를 위해서 Scale for the Subjective Experience of Negative Symptoms : Korean version(KSENS)을 이용하였고, 개관적인 정신분열증 정신병리의 평가는 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PNASS)를 이용하였다. 우울증상, 불안증상, 추세외로증상의 평가를 위해서 각각 Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAM-D), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAM-A), Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale(ESRS)을 이용하였다. 각 정신병리척도 점수간의 상관성은 Spearman 상관계수를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결 과 : K-SENS 24항목 중에서 환자가 이를 불편한 것으로 경험하고 있는 항목의 비율과 PANSS 양성척도점수 사이에는 유의한 상관점이 있었으며 (r=-0.40, p〈0.05), 양성증상 중에서도 특히 과대성(r=-0.46, p〈0.05), 의심/피해(r=-0.34, p〈0.05), 적개심(r=-0.52, p〈0.05) 등의 증상과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. K-SENS 24 항목 중에서 환자가 이를 불편한 것으로 경험하고 있는 항목의 비율과 PANSS 전체점수(r=-0.25, p〉0.05), PANSS 음성척도점수(r=-0.20, p〉0.05), PANSS 일반정신병리척도(r=-0.08, p〉0.05),와는 각각 유의한 상관성이 없었다. K-SENS 24항목 중에서 환자가 이를 불편한 것으로 경험하고 있는 항목의 비율과 HAM-D 점수(r=-0.01, p〉0.05), HAM-A 점수(r=-0.11, p〉0.05), ESRS 총점(r=0.34, p〉0.05)은 각각 유의한 상관성이 없었다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과에서, 정신분열증 환자들이 불편한 것으로 경험하는 주관적 음성증상과 과대성, 의심/피해, 적개심 같은 양성증상은 역상관관계가 있었으며, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 양성증상이 주관적으로 불편하게 느끼는 음성증상에 대한 가능성과, 혹은 양성증상이 심할 경우, 이에 압도되어 음성증상을 주관적으로 느끼지 못할 수 있다는 가능성이 시사되었으며, 향후 종적인 연구를 통해 이를 규명해 볼 필요성이 제시되었다. 주관적인 음성증상경험과 우울증상, 불안증상, 추세외로 증상과는 상관성이 없는 것으로 나타나서 이들 증상과는 독립적인 증상임을 시사한다. Objective : Since the evaluation of negative symptoms has depended on the clinician's objective observation, the patients subjective experience of negative symptoms has been neglected. However, in fact, a lot of patients are aware of their negative symptoms. There are several reported suggesting that patients suffer from the subjective experiences of their deficit symptoms, even though the objective positive and negative symptoms cannot be observed. Under these circumstances, we have attempted this study with the idea that it would be helpful in understanding the psychopathology of schizophrenia. Also it would help clarifying the relationship between subjective experience of negative symptoms and objectives positive and negative symptoms, depression anxiety symptoms, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Method : All the 37 patients satisfied the diagnostic criteria of DSM-Ⅵ for schizophrenia. The subjective experiences of negative symptoms were evaluated using Scale for the Subjective Experience of Negative Symptoms : Korean version(KSENS), and for the depression, anxiety, extrapyramidal symptoms, we used Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAM-D), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAM-A), and Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale(ESRS). The correlation between each psychopathology was tested by calculating Spearman correlation coefficient. Results : There was a significant correlation between the ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS, and the score of PANSS positive subscale(γ=-0.40, p〈0.05), Among the positive symptoms, grandiosity(γ=-0.46, p〈0.05), suspiciousnes/persecution(γ=-0.34, p〈0.05), and hostility(γ=-0.52, p〈0.05) showed a significant correlation with the ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS. There was no significant correlation between the ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS, and PANSS total score(γ=-0.25, p〉0.05), or negative subscale score(γ=-0.20, p〉0.05), or general psychology subscale score(γ=-0.08, p〉0.05), respectively. There was no significant correlation between ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS, and HAM-D(γ=-0.01, p〉0.05), or HAM-A(γ=-0.11, p〉0.05), ESRS(γ=0.34, p〉0.05), respectively. Conclusion : These revealed that the negative correlation between the subjective negative symptoms experienced as an uncomfortable ones and the objective symptoms such as grandiosity, suspiciousness/persecution, and hostility. From these results, the possibility that positive symptoms are used as a defense to hide from the negative symptoms because they are overwhelmed by their positive symptoms, is suggested. These results also suggest that subjective experiences of negative symptoms are independent from depression, anxiety and extrapyramidal symptoms.

Ethanol Production from Seaweed, Enteromorpha intestinalis, by Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) with Saccharomyces cerevisiae

YuKyeong Cho,Min-Ji Kim,Sung-Koo Kim 한국생물공학회 2013 KSBB Journal Vol.28 No.6

Ethanol productions were performed by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes using seaweed, Enteromorpha intestinalis (sea lettuce). Pretreatment conditions were optimized by the performing thermal acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis for the increase of ethanol yield. The pretreatment by thermal acid hydrolysis was carried out with different sulfuric acid concentrations in the range of 25 mM to 75 mM H₂SO₄, pretreatment time from 30 to 90 minutes and solid contents of seaweed powder in the range of 10~ 16% (w/v). Optimal pretreatment conditions were determined as 75 mM H₂SO₄ and 13% (w/v) slurry at 121℃ for 60 min. For the further saccharification, enzymatic hydrolysis was performed by the addition of commercial enzymes, Celluclast 1.5 L and Viscozyme L, after the neutralization. A maximum reducing sugar concentration of 40.4 g/L was obtained with 73% of theoretical yield from total carbohydrate. The ethanol concentration of 8.6 g/L of SHF process and 7.6 g/L of SSF process were obtained by the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 1126, with the inoculation cell density of 0.2 g dcw/L.

허혈성 심질환에서 나타나는 황상화지수, 사이토카인 및 염증지표의 변화

전상훈,안지훈,방덕원,온영근,현민수,김성구,권영주 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3

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Ethanol Production from Seaweed, Enteromorpha intestinalis, by Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) with Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cho, YuKyeong,Kim, Min-Ji,Kim, Sung-Koo The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2013 KSBB Journal Vol.16 No.5

Ethanol productions were performed by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes using seaweed, Enteromorpha intestinalis (sea lettuce). Pretreatment conditions were optimized by the performing thermal acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis for the increase of ethanol yield. The pretreatment by thermal acid hydrolysis was carried out with different sulfuric acid concentrations in the range of 25 mM to 75 mM $H_2SO_4$, pretreatment time from 30 to 90 minutes and solid contents of seaweed powder in the range of 10~16% (w/v). Optimal pretreatment conditions were determined as 75 mM $H_2SO_4$ and 13% (w/v) slurry at $121^{\circ}C$ for 60 min. For the further saccharification, enzymatic hydrolysis was performed by the addition of commercial enzymes, Celluclast 1.5 L and Viscozyme L, after the neutralization. A maximum reducing sugar concentration of 40.4 g/L was obtained with 73% of theoretical yield from total carbohydrate. The ethanol concentration of 8.6 g/L of SHF process and 7.6 g/L of SSF process were obtained by the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 1126, with the inoculation cell density of 0.2 g dcw/L.