유화 약물송달시스템의 최근 연구 경향

김순희,황성주 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2005 생물공학연구지 Vol.11 No.1

New developed types of emulsion formulations have several advantages of the control release properties and the enhancement of GI absorption as a carrier for drugs, so more and more researches focus on the development and applications of emulsions. This review only covers an update on the types of emulsions and their applications for drug delivery. Some relative new emulsions, including anhydrous emulsions, lipid emulsions, perfluorocarbon emulsions, water-in-CO₂emulsions, the variously multiple types, and many such as SEDDS (self-emulsifying drug delivery system) et al modified formulations are introduced seriatim.

Synergistic Effects of Leflunomide and Benazepril in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy

Jin, Hua,Piao, Shang Guo,Jin, Ji Zhe,Jin, Ying Shun,Cui, Zhen Hua,Jin, Hai Feng,Zheng, Hai Lan,Li, Jin Ji,Jiang, Yu Ji,Yang, Chul Woo,Li, Can S.Karger 2014 The Nephron Journals Vol.126 No.3

<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Background:</I></B> Leflunomide (LEF) and benazepril have renoprotective effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN) through their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. This study investigated whether combined treatment using LEF and benazepril affords superior protection compared with the respective monotherapies. <B><I>Methods:</I></B> Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection in male Wistar rats. Two weeks after STZ injection, diabetic rats were treated daily for 12 weeks with LEF (10 mg/kg), benazepril (10 mg/kg), or a combination of both. Basic parameters (body weight, fasting blood glucose level, and 24 h urinary protein excretion), histopathology, inflammatory [inflammatory cell infiltration (ED-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2)] and glomerulosclerotic factors [transforming growth factor-β<SUB>1</SUB> (TGF-β<SUB>1</SUB>) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)], and oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG) were studied. <B><I>Results:</I></B> Benazepril or LEF treatment significantly prevented body weight loss and 24 h urinary protein excretion induced by diabetes; combined treatment with LEF and benazepril further improved these parameters compared with giving each drug alone (all p < 0.01). Increased expression of inflammatory (MCP-1 and TLR-2) and glomerulosclerotic (TGF-β<SUB>1</SUB> and CTGF) factors in diabetic rat kidney was reduced by treatment with either LEF or benazepril and was further reduced by the combined administration of the two drugs (p < 0.01). These effects were accompanied by suppression of urinary 8-OHdG excretion. There was no significant between-group difference in blood glucose level. <B><I>Conclusions:</I></B> LEF treatment lessens DN, and combined treatment with LEF and benazepril provides synergistic effects in preventing DN.</P><P>© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Paroxetine Hydrochloride Controlled Release POLYOX?Matrix Tablets: Screening of Formulation Variables using Plackett-Burman Screening Design

Shun-Ji Jin,Yeon-Hee Yoo,Min-Soo Kim,Jeong-Soo Kim,박정숙,황성주 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3

The aim of the present study was to screen the effects of the formulation variables - POLYOX molecular weight (X1), the ratio of POLYOX/Avicel PH102 (X2) and the amount of POLYOX and Avicel PH102 (X3), hardness (X4), HPMCP amount (X5), Eudragit L100 amount (X6), and citric acid amount (X7) - on the paroxetine hydrochloride release from POLYOX matrix tablet using the Plackett-Burman screening design. Paroxetine hydrochloride matrix tablets were prepared according to a 7-factor-12-run statistical model and subjected to a 8-h dissolution study in Tris buffer at pH 7.5. The regression results showed that POLYOX molecular weight (X1) and POLYOX/Avicel PH102 ratio (X2) had significantly influence on the drug release mechanism and drug release rate as main effects. Hardness (X4) had an insignificant effect on the drug release mechanism but a significant effect on the drug release rate. On the other hand, HPMCP, Eudragit L100 and citric acid had an insignificant effect on the both responses. The information obtained by screening design study can be expected to be useful for further formulation studies.

pH-Solubility Determination of Atorvastatin by Improved HPLC Method

Jin, Shun-Ji,Kim, Min-Soo,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Seo, Seok Jun,Lee, Gye-Won,Lee, Sibeum,Hwang, Sung-Joo 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2009 藥學論文集 Vol.24 No.-

An improved high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed to detect atorvastatin. Liquid chromatography was performed on a Waters XTerra™ RP C_(18) (5 ㎛m, 4.6×250 mm) column and mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-acetate buffer (pH 4.0)-methanol 48:42:10 (v/v/v) with the flow rate of 0.9 ml/min. The effluent was monitored by a UV detector at the wavelength of 245nm. The corresponding calibration curve was a good linearity over the range of 0.5∼100.0 ㎍/ml. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation were 10.0 ng/ml and 29.0 ng/ml, respectively. Under the above conditions, the effects of pH to the solubility of atorvastatin calcium were investigated in the range of 2.0∼7.9 for pH at 30℃. Results showed that pH influenced on the solubility extremely. It was observed that the solubility increased as the pH increased (especially at pH > 4.0). The apparent solubility of atorvastatin calcium increased about 20 times, from 10.95 ㎍/ml (pH 2.0) to 201.49 ㎍/ml (pH 7.9).

Development of Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Enhancing the Bioavailability of Atorvastatin

( Shun Ji Jin ),( Won Kyung Cho ),( Hee Jun Park ),( Kwang Ho Cha ),( Jun Sung Park ),( Ja Seong Koo ),( Hun Sik Wang ),( Jeong Soo Kim ),( Min Soo Kim ),( Sung Joo Hwang ) 한국약제학회 2011 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.41 No.2

The objective of the study was to prepare self-microeulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) incorporating atorvastatin calcium and evaluate its properties and oral bioavailability. Solubility of atorvastatin in various vehicles was determined. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the good self-emulsification region. The droplet size distributions of the resultant emulsions were determined by dynamic light scattering measurement. The mean droplet size of chosen formulation (20% ethyl oleate, 40% tween-80, 40% Carbitol(R)) was 23.4±1.3 nm. The SMEDDS incorporating atorvastatin calcium appeared to be associated with better performance in dissolution and pharmacokinetic studies, compared with raw atorvastatin calcium. In dissolution test, the release percentage of atorvastatin from SMEDDS mixture could rapidly reach more than 95% within 3 min. Oral AUC0→8(hr)values in SD rats was 1994±335 ng·hr/mL, which significantly increased (P<0.05) compared with raw atorvastatin calcium. The SMEDDS formulation was relatively stable when stored at 4˚C during 3 months. Our studies illustrated the potential use of SMEDDS for the delivery of hydrophobic compounds, such as atorvastatin, by the oral route.

Paroxetine Hydrochloride Controlled Release $POLYOX^{(R)}$ Matrix Tablets: Screening of Formulation Variables using Plackett-Burman Screening Design

Jin, Shun-Ji,Yoo, Yeon-Hee,Kim, Min-Soo,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Park, Jeong-Sook,Hwang, Sung-Joo 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3

The aim of the present study was to screen the effects of the formulation variables - $POLYOX^{(R)}$ molecular weight $(X_1)$, the ratio of $POLYOX^{(R)}$/$Avicel^{(R)}$ PH102 $(X_2)$ and the amount of $POLYOX^{\circledR}$ and $Avicel^{\circledR}$ PH102 $(X_3)$, hardness $(X_4)$, HPMCP amount $(X_5)$, $Eudragit^{(R)}$ L100 amount $(X_6)$, and citric acid amount $(X_7)$ - on the paroxetine hydrochloride release from $POLYOX^{(R)}$ matrix tablet using the Plackett-Burman screening design. Paroxetine hydrochloride matrix tablets were prepared according to a 7-factor-12-run statistical model and subjected to a 8-h dissolution study in Tris buffer at pH 7.5. The regression results showed that $POLYOX^{(R)}$ molecular weight $(X_1)$ and $POLYOX^{(R)}$/$Avicel^{(R)}$ PH102 ratio $(X_2)$ had significantly influence on the drug release mechanism and drug release rate as main effects. Hardness $(X_4)$ had an insignificant effect on the drug release mechanism but a significant effect on the drug release rate. On the other hand, HPMCP, $Eudragit^{(R)}$ L100 and citric acid had an insignificant effect on the both responses. The information obtained by screening design study can be expected to be useful for further formulation studies.

중국 초등학교 조선어 말하기 교수,학습 방법

김순희 ( Shun Ji Jin ) 청람어문교육학회(구 청람어문학회) 2015 청람어문교육 Vol.53 No.-

이 논문은 의무교육 표준 조선어문 과정의 듣기ㆍ말하기 교수ㆍ학습 목표를 근거로 현행 교육현장에서 이루어지는 말하기 교수의 상황을 분석하고 학생의 말하기 실태에 대한 점검, 교사의 역할과 지도, 평가기준의 제시 등 각 방면에서 말하기 능력향상을 위한 합리적인 방안을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다.실제 조선어문 수업에서 말하기 교수는 개성 존중을 바탕으로 하는 수업이 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 초등교육 단계에서 말하기 수업의 내용 및 목표는 언어 영역, 인지 심리영역에 치중돼있다. 말하기 교수에서 나타나는 이런 현상들은 말하기 교수ㆍ학습의 개선과 효율적인 방안 제시의 필요성을 요구한다.현재 중국 조선족 초등학교가 처해 있는 다원적인 말하기 상황은 다양한 언어 환경의 영향에서 비롯된 것이며, 학습자는 초등학교 단계에서 다양한 층의 말하기 수준을 보인다. 따라서 조선어문 교수에서 학생들의 다양한 수준에 대한 점검과 적합한 교수설계가 이루어진다면 말하기 수업의 효율은 높아질 것으로 기대한다.또한 이 논문에서는 개인차에 따른 말하기 능력을 높이기 위해 교사의 말하기 지도 능력 향상에 대해 제안하고, 학생에 대한 말하기 평가제도 확립에 대한 방안도 제시하였다. 향후 이런 제안은 더 보완되고 또 다른 면에서의 합리적 대안도 모색되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze speaking teaching circumstances of current existing education field based on listening, speaking, teaching and learning purpose of compulsory Korean language course standard and suggest a rational way of improvement of speaking ability in teacher``s role and instruction, valuation standard presentation. Speaking teaching in Korean language class cannot be realized in the way of respecting student``s individuality in practice. In addition, the content and purpose of speaking class in the primary education level are focused on linguistic section and recognition psychology field. These phenomena appearing in speaking teaching demand the improvement of teaching and learning, and the necessity of effective plan. The present pluralistic speaking teaching circumstances of Korean Chinese primary schools are originated in the various language environments. Learners show various strata of speaking level. If the examination on student``s various level and suitable teaching model are achieved, the efficiency of speaking teaching will be increased. In addition, this study suggests the proposal on the method of teacher``s speaking teaching ability improvement by way of individual differences to enhance speaking ability. From now on, these suggestions must be supplemented, and try to find rational alternatives in another aspect.

호텔 객실종사원의 직무탈진감이 고객지향성과 이직의도에 미치는 영향

김순희 ( Shun Ji Jin ),셰왕제 ( Wang Jie Xie ),장호 ( Hao Zhang ),윤영일 ( Yeong Il Yoon ) 한국이벤트컨벤션학회 2013 이벤트 컨벤션 연구 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구에서는 호텔 객실종사원의 직무탈진감이 고객지향성과 이직의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 동시에 호텔 객실종사원의 직무탈진감과 관련된 연구에 이론적으로나 내부마케팅 전략적 방안 마련 등 실무적으로 도움을 주고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 따라서 본 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 연구목표를 호텔 객실종사원의 직무탈진감이 고객지향성에 미치는 영향 파악, 호텔 객실종사원의 직무탈진감은 이직의도에 미치는 영향에 대해 파악하고자 한다. 본 연구에서의 특급호텔 객실부서에서 객실종사원을 조사대상으로 선정하였다. 그중 우리나라에서 특급호텔이 많은 서울, 부산, 제주, 경주 4지역을 선정하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 총400부중, 330부를 회수하였다. 이중 13부를 제외한 317부를 본 연구의 통계 분석에 사용하였다. 수집된 자료의 통계처리는 SPSS 19.0과 AMOS프로그램을 이용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 제시된 모형을 통해 호텔 객실종사원의 직무탈진감은 고객지향성에 부(-)의 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설1을 검증한 결과, 비인격화와 성취감 저하가 고객지향성의 관계에서 유의한 관계를 갖는 반면, 감정 고갈은 일관된 모습을 보이지 않았다. 즉 본 연구에서는 가설 1-2와 1-3은 채택되었고, 1-1는 기각되었다. 둘째, 호텔 객실종사원의 직무탈진감은 이직의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설2를 검증한 결과는 감정고갈과 성취감 저하가 이직의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 가설 2-1과 2-3은 채택 되었고, 고객 비인격화가 이직의도에 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타나 가설 2-2를 기각한다. 셋째 연구모형에 대한 최초모형은 가 1212.109(P=.000<.05)로 나타나 적합도를 높이기 위해 수정지수를 근거로 하여 수정한 결과 수정모형은 가 36.331(P=.636>.05), df는 30, RMR값은 .031, GFI값은 .984, AGFI 값은 .958, NFI값은 .980로 나타나 적합도는 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

L-carnitine treatment attenuates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction

( Hai Yan Zhao ),( Hui Ying Li ),( Jian Jin ),( Ji Zhe Jin ),( Long Ye Zhang ),( Mei Ying Xuan ),( Xue Mei Jin ),( Yu Ji Jiang ),( Hai Lan Zheng ),( Ying Shun Jin ),( Yong Jie Jin ),( Bum Soon Choi ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.0

Background/Aims: Accumulating evidence indicates that L-carnitine (LC) protects against multiorgan damage through its antioxidant properties and preservation of the mitochondria. Little information is available about the effects of LC on renal fibrosis. This study examined whether LC treatment would provide renoprotection in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and in vitro. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent UUO were treated daily with LC for 7 or 14 days. The influence of LC on renal injury caused by UUO was evaluated by histopathology, and analysis of gene expression, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, programmed cell death, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ AKT/forkhead box protein O 1a (FoxO1a) signaling. In addition, H₂O₂-exposed human kidney cells (HK-2) were treated with LC. Results: LC treatment inhibited expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, and was followed by a significant attenuation of tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. The increased oxidative stress caused by UUO was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/AKT/FoxO1a-dependent signaling, and this was abrogated by administration of LC. In H₂O₂-exposed HK-2 cells, LC decreased intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, and suppressed expression of profibrotic cytokines and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. Conclusions: LC protects against the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in an obstructed kidney.

Adhesion energy per unit area various liquid droplets on PMMA, Parylene C and PPFC coated flat solid surfaces

Jin, Shun,Kim, Kiwook,Jeong, Ji Hwan Springer-Verlag 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.3