Hong Kong Chinese Women's Lay Beliefs about Cervical Cancer Causation and Prevention

Wang, Linda Dong-Ling,Lam, Wendy Wing Tak,Wu, Joseph,Fielding, Richard Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Background: This study aimed to seek insights into Chinese women's lay beliefs about cervical cancer causal attributions and prevention. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three new immigrant adult women from Mainland China and thirty-five Hong Kong adult women underwent semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interviews were audio taped, transcribed and analyzed using a Grounded Theory approach. Results: This study generated three foci: causal beliefs about cervical cancer, perceived risk of cervical cancer, and beliefs about cervical cancer prevention. Personal risky practices, contaminated food and environment pollution were perceived as the primary causes of cervical cancer. New immigrant women more likely attributed cervical cancer to external factors. Most participants perceived cervical cancer as an important common fatal female cancer with increased risk/prevalence. Many participants, particularly new immigrant women participants, expressed helplessness about cervical cancer prevention due to lack of knowledge of prevention, it being perceived as beyond individual control. Many new immigrant participants had never undergone regular cervical screening while almost all Hong Kong participants had done so. Conclusions: Some Chinese women hold pessimistic beliefs about cervical cancer prevention with inadequate knowledge about risk factors. Future cervical cancer prevention programs should provide more information and include capacity building to increase Chinese women's knowledge and self-efficacy towards cervical cancer prevention.

Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification of DNA

Min Cho,Linda Wang,Jaebum Choo,Eun Kyu Lee 한국생물공학회 2008 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.10

Shipbuilding Policy in Asia (2000-2010s): A Comparative Study

리신강,방희석,Linda Lin,Jin Wang 한국무역학회 2012 Journal of Korea trade Vol.16 No.4

During the period of 2000 to 2010, the shipbuilding business has experienced tremendous changes within the global market. With Europe’s domination fading away, the increased role of Asian countries has set itself up as the centre of world shipbuilding as well as maritime business in general. This study is to investigate the competitiveness of Asian shipbuilding policy and the industry. The paper presents a comparative study on shipbuilding policy and the competitiveness of the top three shipbuilders, namely South Korea, Japan and China in a quantitative fashion, coupled with the implicit indication each country’s advantages and disadvantages. With the introduction and application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method into the shipbuilding market, a set of critical success factors identified as criteria and sub-criteria to shipbuilding competitiveness is demonstrated to reveal the ranking orders among the three. Supported by ample official data and a survey feedback summary, the obtained results suggest that South Korea is currently leading the world shipbuilding market, followed by China, with an impressive shipbuilding output. Finally, the paper discusses the way forward for the three competitors. The landscape of the shipbuilding industry continues to evolve. Confronted with the evolution, discerning policy makers and entrepreneurs shall be equipped both in resources and personnel to cope with changes and ideally be ahead of the market in order to stimulate and be part of the change.

Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/ Ritonavir and Dasabuvir ± Ribavirin between Asian and Western HCV GT1b-Infected Patients

( Lai Wei ),( Yan Luo ),( Wang-long Chuang ),( Seung Woon Paik ),( Ming-lung Yu ),( Linda M Fredrick ),( Andrew Campbell ),( Roger Trinh ),( Jeffrey Enejosa ),( Nancy S Shulman ),( Jeong Heo ),( Nilou 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: ONYX-I and ONYX-II are Phase 3 studies exploring the PK, safety, and efficacy of the 3-DAA ± ribavirin regimen in a HCV GT1b-infected Asian population. Comparable PK exposures of the 3-DAA regimen between the Asian and predominantly Caucasian (thereafter referred to as “Western”) HCV GT1-infected patients in other studies have been published. Methods: We compared the safety/efficacy profiles of the 3-DAA regimen (+ ribavirin for patients with compensated cirrhosis) in Asian patients in ONYX-I and -II Phase 3 studies conducted in China, Taiwan, and South Korea with Western patients enrolled in PEARL-II (treatment-experienced), PEARL-III (treatment-naive), and TURQUOISE-II (compensated cirrhosis) Phase 3 studies conducted exclusively in North America, Europe, and Australia. Results: Among treatment-naive non-cirrhotic patients, sustained virologic response at post treatment week 12 (SVR12) was achieved by 99.5% (183/184; 95% CI 97.0-99.9) of Asian patients compared with 99.0% (207/209; 95% CI 97.7-100) of Western patients (GT1b). In non-cirrhotic treatment-experienced patients, SVR12 was achieved by 100% (141/141; 95% CI 97.4-100) of Asian patients and 100% (91/91; 95% CI 95.9-100) of Western patients (GT1b). Among cirrhotic patients, SVR12 was achieved by 100% (104/104; 95% CI 96.4-100) of Asian patients compared with 98.5% (67/68; 95% CI 95.3-100) of Western patients (GT1a and -1b-infected patients). The majority of Asian and Western patients with or without cirrhosis had at least 1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE). A low percentage of Asian and Western patients (<4%) experienced serious TEAEs. TEAEs leading to treatment discontinuation, in both Asian and Western patients, were rare. No patients without cirrhosis and 1 subject with cirrhosis discontinued treatment due to a TEAE. Only 1 death occurred across the studies, which was not due to a TEAE. Conclusions: The safety/efficacy profiles were consistent between the Asian and Western HCV GT1b-infected patients treated with OBV+PTV/r + DSV.

Spin wavepackets in the Kagome ferromagnet Fe₃Sn₂: propagation and precursors

Changmin Lee,Yue Sun,Linda Ye,Sumedh Rathi,Kevin Wang,Yuan-Ming Lu,Joel Moore,Joseph G. Checkelsky,Joseph Orenstein 한국자기학회 2023 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.33 No.1

Efficacy/Safety of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir and Dasabuvir with Ribavirin in Asian Patients with Genotype 1b HCV-Infected, Compensated Cirrhosis: ONYX-II SVR 24 Results

( Lai Wei ),( Gui-qiang Wang ),( Yan Luo ),( Chi-jen Chu ),( Seung Woon Paik ),( Jinlin Hou ),( Jun Cheng ),( Qing Xie ),( Zhongping Duan ),( Jia-horng Kao ),( Linda Fredrick ),( Bo Fu ),( Niloufar Mo 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: ONYX-II is a phase 3, open-label study of 3-DAA regimen of OBV/PTV/r and DSV with RBV in treatment-naive and experienced patients with genotype 1b HCV infection and compensated cirrhosis in China, South Korea and Taiwan. SVR12 rate was 100% and the favourable safety profile was shown. The present analysis reports efficacy( SVR24) and safety results. Methods: Patients with chronic GT1b HCV infection and compensated cirrhosis received OBV/PTV/r + DSV + RBV for 12 weeks and will be followed for 48 weeks post-treatment. Efficacy was assessed by SVR12 and SVR24. Safety was assessed as the percentage of patients wi th treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and laboratory evaluation. Results: Total of 104 patients with chronic GT1b HCV infection (62% female, 100% Asian, 58% treatment-experienced) were enrolled from China (n=63), South Korea (n=21) and Taiwan (n=20). All patients received at least one dose of study drugs. The SVR24 rate was 100% (concordant with SVR12), with no patient relapsing between post-treatment week 12 and 24. Most TEAEs were mild in severity. The most common TEAEs (≥10%) were increased blood bilirubin levels (25%), pruritus (15%), anaemia (14%), asthenia (12%), bilirubin conjugated increased (12%), blood bilirubin unconjugated increased (12%), dizziness (11%) and fatigue (11%). Four patients had serious AEs and all were assessed as not being related to the 3-DAA regimen (one was assessed as being possibly related to RBV). One patient discontinued treatment due to TEAEs (elevations in alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and blood bilirubin) after 3 weeks of dosing but achieved SVR12 and SVR24. Laboratory abnormalities ≥ grade 3 were infrequent (ALT: 3%; AST 2%; total bilirubin: 7%). No grade 3 haemoglobin decrease was reported. Conclusions: SVR24 and SVR12 rates were concordant (100%) in HCV GT1b-infected Asian patients with compensated cirrhosis. The regimen was generally well tolerated with mostly mild TEAEs reported.

Development of an efficient process for recovery of fucose in a multi-component mixture of monosugars stemming from defatted microalgal biomass

홍석빈,최재환,박한길,Nien-Hwa Linda Wang,장용근,문성용 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.56 No.-

One of highly promising ways for fucose production is to utilize the defatted residue of microalgae as thefucose source. A prerequisite for such fucose-production strategy is a robust separation process that canperform an efficient recovery of fucose in a monosugar mixture coming from the hydrolysis of thedefatted microalgal biomass. To develop such process, wefirst selected a prospective large-scaleadsorbent that had a sufficiently high selectivity between fucose and other monosugar components. Theselected adsorbent was then experimented in accordance with the principle of multiple frontal analysisin order to obtain the intrinsic parameters of the relevant monosugar components. Using the resultantparameters, the optimal design of the fucose-separation process of interest was carried out on the basis ofa simulated moving bed (SMB) technology. The validity of the designed process was investigatedfirstwith detailed model simulation, and then with a continuous fucose-separation experiment based on theself-assembled SMB equipment. The results of the SMB experiment demonstrated that the developedprocess was highly effective in continuous separation of fucose with the purity of 97.1% whilemaintaining its loss as low as 0%. It is thus expected that the results in this study can contribute to ameaningful improvement in the economical efficiencies of both a microalgae based biodiesel-productionprocess and a fucose-production process.

Omalizumab Improves Quality of Life and Asthma Control in Chinese Patients With Moderate to Severe Asthma: A Randomized Phase III Study

Jing Li,Jian Kang,Changzheng Wang,Jing Yang,Linda Wang,Ioannis Kottakis,Michael Humphries,Nanshan Zhong,China Omalizumab Study Group 대한천식알레르기학회 2016 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.8 No.4

Purpose: Omalizumab is the preferred add-on therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe persistent allergic asthma and has demonstrated efficacy and safety in various ethnicities. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, phase III study assessed lung function, quality of life, asthma control, and safety of omalizumab after 24-week therapy in Chinese patients (18-75 years of age). Results: A total of 616 patients were randomized (1:1) to omalizumab or placebo. The primary endpoint, least squares mean treatment difference (LSM-TD) in morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) (omalizumab vs placebo), at Weeks >20-24 was 8.85 L/min (Full analysis set; P=0.062). Per-protocol analysis set showed significant improvements with LSM-TD of 11.53 L/min in mean mPEF at Weeks >20-24 (P=0.022). The FEV1 % predicted was significantly improved with omalizumab vs placebo from 8 to 24 weeks (after 24-week treatment: LSM-TD=4.12%; P=0.001). At Week 24, a higher proportion of omalizumab-treated patients achieved clinically relevant improvements in standardized AQLQ (58.2% vs 39.3%; LSM=0.51 vs 0.10; P<0.001) and ACQ (49.5% vs 35.5%; LSM=-0.51 vs -0.34; P=0.002) scores vs placebo. Total and nighttime symptom scores reduced significantly with omalizumab vs placebo (LSM-TD=-0.21, P=0.048 and -0.12, P=0.011, respectively). Although the study was not powered to study differences in exacerbation rates (P=0.097), exacerbations in winter months were less frequent in the omalizumab vs placebo group (2 vs 21). Adverse event and severe adverse event rates were comparable between omalizumab and placebo. Conclusions: Omalizumab improves lung function, quality of life, and asthma control in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe persistent allergic asthma and has a good safety profile.

Standing wave design and optimization of a simulated moving bed chromatography for separation of xylobiose and xylose under the constraints on product concentration and pressure drop

Lee, Chung-gi,Choi, Jae-Hwan,Park, Chanhun,Wang, Nien-Hwa Linda,Mun, Sungyong Elsevier 2017 Journal of chromatography A Vol.1527 No.-

<P>The feasibility of a simulated moving bed (SMB) technology for the continuous separation of high-purity xylobiose (X2) from the output of a beta-xylosidase X1 -> X2 reaction has recently been confirmed. To ensure high economical efficiency of the X2 production method based on the use of xylose (X1) as a starting material, it is essential to accomplish the comprehensive optimization of the X2-separation SMB process in such a way that its X2 productivity can be maximized while maintaining the X2 product concentration from the SMB as high as possible in consideration of a subsequent lyophilization step. To address this issue, a suitable SMB optimization tool for the aforementioned task was prepared based on standing wave design theory. The prepared tool was then used to optimize the SMB operation parameters, column configuration, total column number, adsorbent particle size, and X2 yield while meeting the constraints on X2 purity, X2 product concentration, and pressure drop. The results showed that the use of a larger particle size caused the productivity to be limited by the constraint on X2 product concentration, and a maximum productivity was attained by choosing the particle size such that the effect of the X2-concentration limiting factor could be balanced with that of pressure-drop limiting factor. If the target level of X2 product concentration was elevated, higher productivity could be achieved by decreasing particle size, raising the level of X2 yield, and increasing the column number in the zones containing the front and rear of X2 solute band. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Application of Bacillus pumilus b-xylosidase reaction and simulated moving bed purification to efficient production of high-purity xylobiose from xylose

박찬훈,최재환,경명옥,서승우,조성은,이경선,김풍호,Nien-Hwa Linda Wang,정상원,문성용 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.47 No.-

Xylobiose (X2) is recognized to possess great prebiotic function and to be highly favorable for applicationin food and prebiotic industries. In this study, we demonstrated that the cloned b-xylosidase of Bacilluspumilus IPO could be utilized to produce X2 via the reaction of xylose(X1)!xylobiose(X2). The use ofsuch enzyme in the X1!X2 reaction was found to give much higher X2 reaction yield and reactionefficiency, compared to those reported in the literature. Furthermore, we developed an efficientsimulated moving bed (SMB) chromatographic process that could recover X2 from the reaction outputwith nearly 100% purity and 92% recovery on a continuous-separation mode. The developed SMB processcould also recover the unreacted X1 almost completely, which leaves room for a further increase in theoverall X2 reaction yield by reusing the recovered X1 from the SMB as the reactant of the upstreamprocessing (i.e., B. pumilus IPO b-xylosidase X1!X2 reaction). The results of this study will enable ahighly economical and environmentally-friendly production of high-purity X2 from X1.