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Ying-Ying Zhang,Jungwoo Oh,In-Shik Han,Zhun Zhong,Shi-Guang Li,Soon-Yen Jung,Kee-Young Park,Hong-Sik Shin,Won-Ho Choi,Hyuk-Min Kwon,Wei-Yip Loh,Majhi, P.,Jammy, R.,Hi-Deok Lee IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.56 No.2
<P>Highly thermally stable Ni germanide technology for high performance germanium metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (Ge MOSFETs) is proposed, utilizing Pd incorporation into Ni germanide. The proposed Ni germanide shows not only the improvement of thermal stability but also the reduction of hole barrier height, which can improve the device on-current by reducing the Ni germanide to p+ source/drain contact resistance. The proposed Ni germanide showed a stable sheet resistance of up to 500 degrees C 30-min postgermanidation annealing due to the suppression of agglomeration and oxidation of Ni germanide and the diffusion of Ni and Ge atoms by the incorporated Pd. Therefore, the proposed Ni0.95Pd0.05, alloy could be promising for the high mobility Ge MOSFET applications.</P>
Ying-Ying Zhang,Jungwoo Oh,Shi-Guang Li,Soon-Yen Jung,Kee-Young Park,Ga-Won Lee,Majhi, P.,Hsing-Huang Tseng,Jammy, R.,Hi-Deok Lee IEEE 2010 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY Vol.9 No.2
<P>In this paper, thermally stable Ni germanide using a Ni-Pt(1%) alloy and TiN capping layer is proposed for high-performance Ge MOSFETs. The proposed Ni-Pt(1%) alloy structure exhibits low-temperature germanidation with a wide temperature window for rapid thermal processing. Moreover, sheet resistance is stable and the germanide interface shows less agglomeration despite high-temperature postgermanidation anneal up to 550 <SUP>°</SUP>C for 30 min. In addition, the surface of the Ni-Pt(1%) alloy structure is smoother than that of a pure Ni structure both before and after the postgermanidation anneal. Only the NiGe phase and no other phases such as Pt<SUB>x</SUB>Ge<SUB>y</SUB> and Ni<SUB>x</SUB>Pt<SUB>1-x</SUB>Ge<SUB>y</SUB> can be observed in X-ray diffraction results, but X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that PtGe is formed during the postgermanidation anneal. The larger Pt atomic radius is believed to inhibit the diffusion of Ni into the Si substrate, thereby improving the thermal stability of the NiGe. The higher melting point of PtGe is also believed to improve thermal stability. Therefore, this proposed Ni-Pt(1%) alloy could be promising for high-mobility Ge MOSFET applications.</P>
Stress Dependence of Thermal Stability of Nickel Silicide forNano MOSFETs
Ying-Ying Zhang,Won-Jae Lee,Zhun Zhong,Shi-Guang Li,Soon-Yen Jung,이가원,왕진석,이희덕,Sung-Kyu Lim 한국전기전자재료학회 2007 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.8 No.3
Dependence of the thermal stability of nickel silicide on the film stress of inter layer dielectric (ILD) layer has been investigated in this study and silicon nitride (Si3N4) layer is used as an ILD layer. Nickel silicide was formed with a one-step rapid thermal process at 500 oC for 30 sec. 2000 Å thick Si3N4 layer was deposited using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition after the formation of Ni silicide and its stress was split from compressive stress to tensile stress by controlling the power of power sources. Stress level of each stress type was also split for thorough analysis. It is found that the thermal stability of nickel silicide strongly depends on the stress type as well as the stress level induced by the Si3N4 layer. In the case of high compressive stress, silicide agglomeration and its phase transformation from the low-resistivity nickel mono-silicide to the high-resistivity nickel di-silicide are retarded, and hence the thermal stability is obviously improved a lot. However, in the case of high tensile stress, the thermal stability shows the worst case among the stressed cases.
Li, Ying Hui,Choi, Dae Hee,Lee, Eun Hye,Seo, Su Ryeon,Lee, Seungkoo,Cho, Eun-Hee American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2016 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.291 No.19
<P>Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is an NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase. Recent studies have shown that SIRT3 expression is decreased in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, SIRT3 is a key regulator of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which catalyzes the oxidation of succinate to fumarate. Increased succinate concentrations and the specific G protein-coupled receptor 91 (GPR91) are involved in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In this study, we aimed to establish whether SIRT3 regulated the SDH activity, succinate, and GPR91 expression in HSCs and an animal model of NAFLD. Our goal was also to determine whether succinate released from hepatocytes regulated HSC activation. Inhibiting SIRT3 using SIRT3 siRNA exacerbated HSC activation via the SDH-succinate-GPR91 pathway, and SIRT3 overexpression or honokiol treatment attenuated HSC activation in vitro. In isolated liver and HSCs from methionine-and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NAFLD, the expression of SIRT3 and SDH activity was decreased, and the succinate concentrations and GPR91 expression were increased. Moreover, we found that GPR91 knockdown or resveratrol treatment improved the steatosis in MCD diet-fed mice. This investigation revealed a novel mechanism of the SIRT3-SDH-GPR91 cascade in MCD diet-induced HSC activation in NAFLD. These findings highlight the biological significance of novel strategies aimed at targeting SIRT3 and GPR91 in HSCs with the goal of improving NAFLD treatment.</P>
( Ying Li ),( Donggen Piao ),( Haiyan Zhang ),( Mi Hee Woo ),( Je Hyun Lee ),( Dong Cheul Moon ),( Seung Ho Lee ),( Hyeun Wook Chang ),( Jong Keun Son ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0
Cynanchum auriculatum and Cynanchum wilfordii are widely used as folk medicine in Eastern Asia. However, the indeterminacy in the authentic original plant material has resulted in the same appellative name being given to the two plants, and they are commonly misused. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an analytical method for discrimination as well as quality control of the two species. This study was to develop HPLC-UV methods for quality assessment of C. auriculatum and C. wilfordii anddiscrimination between the two species. Two HPLC methods to analyze eight marker compounds were established and validated. The first method analyzed seven marker compounds simultaneously on a reversed-phase column, while the second method analyzed a single marker compound, conduritol F, which exists only in C. wilfordii, on a Si-column. Thirty-nine batches of C. auriculatum and nineteen batches of C. wilfordii that were collected from different geographical regions of South Korea were analyzed by these methods. The constructed data matrix was subjected to principal components analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis in order to classify the samples. The established methods offer a potential strategy for authentication and differentiation of the two species.
Ying-Ying Zhang,In-Shik Han,Shi-Guang Li,Soon-Yen Jung,박기영,신홍식,Ga-Won Lee,왕진석,이희덕,오정우,Prashant Majhi,Raj Jammy 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.3
In this research, the influence of an interlayer dielectric (ILD) capping layer on the thermal stability of Ni germanide was analyzed. The Ni germanide was formed on a Ge-on-Si substrate by using a one-step rapid thermal process (RTP) at 400 ˚C for 30 sec. We found little difference in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results, but the proposed structure with oxide ILD capping layer showed better thermal immunity than that without one. Adopting an oxide ILD capping layer resulted in a lower sheet resistance, less surface roughness, and less Ni germanide agglomeration and penetration after high temperature post-germanidation annealing at 500 ˚C. Therefore, oxide capping is promising for improving the thermal stability of Ni germanide for nanoscale germanium metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (Ge MOSFETs).
Microstructural Innovation of Ni Germanide on Ge-on-Si Substrate by Using Palladium Incorporation
Zhang, Ying-Ying,Choi, Chel-Jong,Oh, Jungwoo,Han, In-Shik,Li, Shi-Guang,Park, Kee-Young,Shin, Hong-Sik,Lee, Ga-Won,Wang, Jin-Suk,Majhi, Prashant,Jammy, Raj,Lee, Hi-Deok The Electrochemical Society 2009 Electrochemical and solid-state letters Vol.12 No.11
Han Ying-Hao,Chen Dong-Qin,Jin Mei-Hua,Jin Ying-Hua,Li Jing,Shen Gui-Nan,Li Wei-Long,Gong Yi-Xi,Mao Ying-Ying,Xie Dan-Ping,Lee Dong-Seok,Yu Li-Yun,Kim Sun-Uk,김지수,권태호,Cui Yu-Dong,Sun Hu-Nan 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.3
Severe inflammatory reactions caused by macrophage activation can trigger a systemic immune response. In the present study, we observed the anti-inflammatory properties of hispidin on LPS induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Our results showed that hispidin treatment significantly reduced the production of cellular NO, IL-6 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) while has not inhibitory effect on TNF-α productions. Excitingly, hispidin treatment retains the phagocytosis ability of macrophages which enabling them to perform the function of removing foreign invaders. Signaling studies showed, hispidin treatment dramatic suppressed the LPS induced mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) and JAK/STAT activations. In conclusion, our findings suggest that hispidin may be a new therapeutic target for clinical treatment of macrophages-mediated inflammatory responses.
A Case Study: Effects of Foot Reflexotherapy in an Infant with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Yujun Lee,Qingchun Pan,Ying Du,Lantu Zhang,Chunlin Li,Minyong Hu,Mingxian Li,Bei Li 사단법인약침학회 2020 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.13 No.2
Sensoryneuronal hearing loss (SNHL) is one type of hearing impairment. The incidence of hearing loss (HL) is 1e3 per 1000 births. Complementary therapies may be effective in addressing the maladies of infants with HL. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of foot reflexotherapy in an infant with SNHL. The patient was a 3-month-old infant with SNHL. Pretest and post-test for HL were conducted using an audiologic method (auditory brainstem responses) combined with behavioral audiometry. The subject was treated with foot reflexotherapy for 30 min per session four times per week for a period of 24 weeks. Foot reflexotherapy was effective in auditory recuperation of an infant with SNHL. The results of this novel study suggest that foot reflexotherapy can be an effective complementary treatment for infants with SNHL, especially for those 3 to 9 months of age.