Adult Patients with Congenital Muscular Torticollis Treated with Bipolar Release : Report of 31 Cases

Lee, Gun Sang,Lee, Myung Ki,Kim, Woo Jae,Kim, Ho Sang,Kim, Jeong Ho,Kim, Yun-Suk The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2017 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.60 No.1

Objective : We assessed the surgical results of bipolar release in 31 adult patients with uncorrected congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) and more than 12 months of follow-up. Methods : Thirty-one patients underwent a bipolar release of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and were retrospectively analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 14.9 months (range, 12-30). The mean age at time of surgery was 30.3 years (range, 20-54). Patients were evaluated with a modified Lee's scoring system, cervicomandibular angle (CMA) measurement, and a global satisfaction rating scale using patient self-reporting. Results : The modified Lee's scoring system indicated excellent results in 4 (12.9%) patients, good in 18 (58.1%), and fair in 9 (29.0%) at the last follow-up after surgery. The improvements in neck movement and head tilt were statistically significant (p<0.05). The preoperative mean CMA was $15.4^{\circ}$ (range, 5.4-29.0), which was reduced to a mean of CMA of $6.3^{\circ}$ (range, 0-25) after surgery (p<0.05). The global satisfaction rating scale was 93.7% (range, 90-100). A transient sensory deficit on the ipsilateral lower ear lobe was noted in three cases. No significant permanent complications occurred. Conclusion : Bipolar release of the SCM is a safe and reliable technique for the treatment of CMT in adults.

아치형 하우스 지붕의 風壓分布에 관한 硏究

李錫健,李賢雨 慶北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.52 No.-

The wind pressure distributions were analyzed to provide fundamental criteria for the structural design of the arch-type houses according to the wind directions through the wind tunnel experiment. The distributions of the wind pressure coefficients on the roofs of the single-span house and the double-span house and the variation of the lift force coefficients were estimated by using the experimental data. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The maximum negative wind pressure on the roof of the single-span house occurred at the wind direction of 0˚∼30˚. 2. For the double-span house, the maximum negative wind pressure on the roof of the first house occured at the wind direction of 0˚∼30˚and that of the second house occured at the wind direction of 30˚. 3. The maximum negative wind pressure coefficient on the roof of the single-span house was greater than of the double-span house. 4. As the lift force coefficients for the single-span house were greater than those for the double-span house, the supports of the single-span house should be designed more carefully than the double-span house.

석회판의 강도증가에 관한 연구

이영석,이건직,박권필 順天大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

This study focused on the increase of lime plate strength by adding reinforced material into limestone and chemical reaction with carbon dioxide gas. Also we did experiment to find the optimum content of plaster as a binding component. Carbon fiber as reinforced material has disadvantages. It did not mixed well in the forming process and had low cohesion force with limestone. Content of glass fiber showed optimum at 1.0cm, 4.16 wt% in lime plate. The increase of strength in lime plate was ??, after reaction with CO₂at 70℃ for 6hr. When lime plate consists of 40wt% of plaster, 4.16 wt% of 1.0cm glass fiber, its strength was ??

유리섬유강화 복합절연재료의 열화특성에 관한 연구

이규철,유근민,김경석,박홍태 울산대학교 1996 공학연구논문집 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구에서는 주위 환경 열화에 따른 복합절연재료의 절연특성과 수명을 향상시키기 위해 고온에서 흡습량을 변화시켰을 때와 탈습량을 변화시켰을 때 흡십시료와 탈습시료의 전기적 특성 및 기계적 특성을 조사하였다. 유리섬유 각층의 흡습상수는 각각 1층에서 0.0117, 2층에서 0.0123, 3층에서 0.0152를 나타냈다. 전기적 특성 및 기계적 특성은 복합재료의 흡습에 따라 크게 떨어졌다. 70℃에서 습기가 완전히 건조되어도 흡습전의 전기적 및 기계적 특성을 얻기가 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 수분에 의해 발생한 복합절연재료내에 존재하는 많은 결함들은 에폭시 메트릭스와 필라사이에 존재하였다. The electrical and mechanical properties of moisture absorbed and moisture desorbed specimens were investigated to improve the insulating characteristics and the reliability of composite materials against environment aging. Moisture absorption constants with the layers of glass fiber showed 0.0117 in 1 layer, 0,0123 in 2 layer and 0.0152 in 3 layer, respectively. Although moisture was removed at 70℃, it was impossible to obtain the initial electrical and mechanical properties. Many defects induced by moisture were observed at the interface between epoxy matrix and filler in composite materials.

골프연습장 소비자의 라이프 스타일과 구매의사 결정과정 연구

이진석,장건희 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This study analyzes the life style of consumers at golf practice clubs, exercising consistently market segmentation, products positioning and facilitation strategy. The results were used as basic data to set up a marketing strategy commensurate with the enhanced consumers' needs. Ultimately, this study researches the effects of golf consumers' life style on the purchase decision-making process. As an object of this study, the consumers were selected at 15 golf practice clubs in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do Province and Chungnam Province. They were used as a mother group and collected a total of 366 questionnaires by convenient sampling method. Excluding the data showed uniform or repetitive answers, 331 questionnaires were finally used for this study. For data processing Descriptives Analysis, Multiple regression analysis were used. The attention level of the statistics is at p <.05, and the study is summarized as follows. Firstly, the life styles of substance-oriented purchase and brand-oriented purchase shown by golf club consumers have effect on problem recognition. Secondly, the consumer's life styles of substance-oriented purchase and pioneering purchase have effect on information search. Thirdly, the consumer's life styles of rational purchase, substance-oriented and brand-oriented purchase have effect on alternative evaluation. Fourthly, the life style of golf club consumers does not produce any effect on purchase. Fifthly, the consumer's life styles of mail order and pioneering oriented purchase bring effect on after-purchase evaluation.

大邱近郊의 園藝施設用 Vinyl House의 構造分析

李錫健 경북대학교 1981 새마을 硏究論叢 Vol.1 No.-

This study was analyzed about the structures of the vinyl houses using horiticultural establishment in the surburbs of Dae-gu. The studied items include growing crops, orientation of the house, topography, floor area, shape of the houses, frames, doors, covering materials, ventilation, heating, irrigation and drainage. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The growing crops in this area were melons(39.9%), tomatos(33.9%), pumpkins(10.1%), cucumbers(10.1%), crown-daisies(2.4%), red peppers(1.7%), lettuces(0.2%), pineapples(1.0%), and chinese cabbages(0.7%). 2. The houses were constructed between N80W and N60E in the orientation, N10W and N10E were the most leading one with 32.3%. It was sown that 47% of the houses located in plain, and the rest in valley. 3. The average house area per farm were 472pyong in the investigated area. The distribution rate of the area per house were 43.9% for 100-150pyong, 35.9% for 150-200pyong, and 13.3% for 50-100pyong respectively. 4. In the shape of the houses, the simple type formed 73.4% and the continuous type 26.6%. Also, it was shown that the A-type, shown in Fig.2, was the most leading one with 59.9% in the frame. 5. The materials of the frame were bamboo(46.6%) and steel pipes(53.4%). The diameter of the bamboo was 3cm(67.3%) and 4cm(32.7%), and most of steel pipes had the diameter of 1 inch. 6. The range of the distance between frame and frame was 50-80cm for the bamboo, 50-90cm for the steel pipes. It was shown that all of the continuous bamboo houses were constructed with 50cm distance. 7. It is natural that the distance between house and house becomes far as the height of the house increase. But, these was nearly the opposite inclination for the two factors in the investigated area. It was checked that this fact was the most distinct inconsistency of the houses in this area. 8. It was shown that the most significant fixing method of the frame on ground was A type, shown in Fig.3, for bamboo and steel pipes. 9. There was two kinds of the ventilation method in the investigated houses. One was the method using ventilation openings, included ventilation holes and vents, and the other was the method through the opening of the covered vinyl. No house used the mechanical ventilation. 10. There was only one house using oil stove for heating, and 66.7% of the houses using the supplementary covering material, was made of straw, and the rest hadn't any facilities for heating. 11. In order to reduce the damage from strong wind, 45% of the houses used strings or straw ropes for supporting the vinyl against the frame, and the rest hadn't and added fixing. There were 3 houses using straw thatching wall for wind proof, and no house had any facilities for snow proof. 12. All of the houses were irrigated and drainaged on the surface of ground.

비만 및 정상체중 여고생의 체력 비교분석

추건이,이광석 仁荷大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 1998 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

In order to investgate the relationship between the degree of obesity and physical fitness, a comparative study was performed. Degree of obesity was calculated by fomula using Standard Height-Weight chart and bodyweight. Total of 1472 high school girls were put into one of 3 group (Group 1 (normal): less than 20%, Group 2 (light obesity): 20-3O%, Group 3 (heavy obesity): 30%-5O%). Each subject performed six events (100M running, standing borad jumping, throwing, sit-up, long distance run(800M), glinging). T-test identified the difference between two means for the groups. The conclusions are as follows. 1. 1OOM Running (1) There was no difference between Group 1 and Group 2. (2) There was no difference between Group 1 and Group 3. 2. Long Jump (1) There was no difference between Group 1 and Group 2. (2) There was no difference between Group 1 and Group 3. 3. Throwing (1) Throwing distance was significantly greater for Group 2 than for Group 1. (p<.05) (2) Throwing distance was significantly greater for Group 3 than for Group 1. (p<.01) 4. Glinging (1) Hang time was significantly smaller for Group 2 than for Group 1.(p<.01) (2) Hang time was significantly smaller for Group 3 than for Group 1.(p<.01) 5. Sit-up (1) Number of sit ups was significantly lower for Group 2 than for Group 1. (p<.01) (2) Number of sit ups was significantly lower for Group 3 than for Group 1.(p<.01) 6. Long Distance Run (1) Running time was was significantly longer for Group 2 than for Group 1.(p<.01) (1) Running time was was significantly longer for Group 3 than for Group 1.(p<.01)

생쥐 안구에서 산화적 손상에 의한 superoxide dismutases와 metallothionein의 나이에 따른 유도의 차이

이홍영,이태범,안춘산,변익건,최석민,권대승,최철희 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.2

The basal levels and inducibility of superoxide dismutases (SODs; Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD) and metallothionein (MT) was investigated in the eyes of mice with age. Oxidative stress was induced by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator, in 1, 4, 8, and 12 months of age and then mRl\As of SODs and MT in the eyes were determined by RT-PCR assay. The basal level of Mn-SOD mRNA increased from 1 month to 8 months but decreased thereafter. Mn-SOD mRNA was induced by paraquat until 4 month but not after 8 months. On the other hand, the basal level of Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA decreased with age. Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA was not induced by paraquat until 4 months. The basal level of MT mRNA declined with age whereas its inducibility by paraquat was intact at all ages. Taken together, the results indicate that SODs and MT are differentially expressed and induced according to the age. It could be also implicated that failure in induction of Mn-SOD with age may be one of causative factors in the aging process whereas induction of Cu/Zn-SOD and MT may be one of important factors in defense against oxidative stress in the eyes. 서론: 최근 노화는 반응성 산소종에 의한 산화적 손상의 축적결과라는 설이 각광을 받고 있다. 노화과정에서 노화와 관련된 질병을 비교적 잘 나타내는 안구를 선정하고, 정상생쥐의 안구에서의 superoxide dismutases (SODs) 와 metallothionein (MT) 의 함량 뿐 아니라 산화성 스트레스를 유발하는 paraquat에 의한 SODs와 MT의 유도능과 나이와의 상호관계를 조사하여 이들의 노화과정에서의 역할을 규명하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 본 연구에서 1, 4, 8, 12개월된 정상생쥐의 안구에서 반응성 산소종 생성의 초기에 중요한 방어기전인 SODs mRNA와 hydroxy radical (OH·)에 의한 산화적 손상의 마지막 방어기전인 MT mRNA의 함량과 산화성 스트레스를 유발하는 paraquat에 의한 유도능을 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응 (RT-PCR) 으로 조사하였다. 결과: 정상생쥐의 안구의 노화과정에서 Mn-SOD와 Cu/Zn-SOD, 그리고 MT mRNA의 항정상태 함량을 조사한 결과, Mn-SOD mRNA는 8개월까지는 증가하다가 12개월에서 감소하였으나, Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA는 나이와 함께 감소하였다. 그러나 MT mRNA 는 8개월까지는 감소하다가 12개월에서 약간 증가하였다. 산화성 스트레스를 유발하는 parraquat에 의하여 Mn-SOD mRNA는 1개월과 4개월에서만 유도되었고, Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA는 8개월과 12개월에서만 유도되었으며, MT mRNA는 관찰한 전 기간에서 유도되었다. 결론: 이상의 결과를 종합하면 SODs와 MT는 안구에서 나이에 따라 서로 다르게 발현되고 유도되는 것으로 생각되며, 노화과정에서 Mn-SOD유도의 이상이 노화의 원인이 되는 인자로 작용하고, 반면에 Cu/Zn-SOD와 MT의 정상적인 유도능이 산화적 스트레스에 대하여 방어역할을 하는 것으로 생각된다. 이와 같이 연령이 증가함에 따라 Mn-SOD, Cu-Zn-SOD, 및 MT의 발현과 유도능의 차이가 있게 되고, 그 결과 반응성 산소종에 의한 산화적 손상의 정도의 차이로 노화의 속도가 조절되지 않나 생각된다.

工業敎育大學의 實驗實習施設 共同活用 및 運營에 關한 硏究

尹錫天,牟相榮,權五憲,千炳善,周赫鍾,李永臣,金健中,羅聲雄,洪錫雨,吳德成,盧泰天 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.2(A)

The College of Engineering was specialized to have a sole function for supplying technical high school teachers in 1977 and referred to as the College of Industrial Education according to the Government's policy. The economic impact mainly due to the oil-crises caused a severe problem to this college, namely discrepancy of supply to demand scale. Accordingly the number of student enrollment was to be fluctuated from 479 in 1979 through 800 in 1979 and 900 in 1980 to 430 in 1981. And the engineering departments have been attached to this Engineering Education College since 1981. These circumstanses met singnificant inefficiency in facility operation. This program aims at providing an overall relocation of the college facilities and preparing the practical system to make the joint-operation possible taking into account circulation, academic stream, budget, maintenance, etc. However this study could not get optimal spacing but some trade-off, considering the current situation.

남성소비자들의 상표충성도와 쾌락적ㆍ효용적 의복가치

서문숙;김건수;박재옥;이규혜 한양대학교 2007 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.27 No.1

Many recent research reported that men, different from the past, want to represent their individualities through clothing and become important shoppers. The market for men is gradually extended. In this study, a well known relationship between clothing values and brand orientation were tested for male consumers. Data from 334 adult male consumers living in a metropolitan area were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that male consumers with various demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, income, and clothing expense showed different level of clothing values. Regression analysis results indicated that among hedonic clothing value factors, confidence in clothing and fashion orientation had significant influence on brand loyalty. Among utilitarian factors symbolic values expressed through clothing had a strong influence on brand loyalty of male consumers.