斗山그룹의 成長과 發展

Seung Uk Lee(李承郁) 한국경영사학회 2002 經營史學 Vol.28 No.-

Started from a small size Seung-Jik Park Shop, one of the oldest in Korean modern history of commerce, and grown with traditional Korean spirit of politeness and perseverance, Doosan Group today has become one of the largest groups of companies including such a gigantic company as Doosan Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. This study aims to explore the courses of growth and development of Doosan Group from historical and functional point of view and extract the characteristics of growth and the modes of behavior in order to define the growth factors. The method adopted for the study is based on the management history with particular focus on entrepreneurs involved. In 1896, the year classified in this study as embryo period of Doosan Group, ‘Maeheon’ Seung-Jik Park opened Seung-Jik Park Shop selling drapery. Then he established Kwang Jang Co, and Kong Ik Sa, a trading house, developed cosmetic product Parkabun and ventured into beer industry through the acquisition of Sohwa Kirin Beer. In this embryo period, the factor that enabled his companies to grow and develop was the management philosophy based on harmony, thrifty, honesty and trust that formed the company motto and enhanced the image of the companIes. The focus was rather on specialization of organizations for growth than diversification of activities for expansion. In the beginning his business was mainly on drapery with major focus on quality and reliability. By the time he ventured into such commodity business as cosmetics and beer, the quality of products be came the prime target to pursue and achieve. This period could be seen as initial stage of the group to accumulate the capital required for further growth. From the year 1951 when ‘Yonkang’ Doo-Byung Park began to lead the group, the formation period set in place. In such time of Rehabilitation followed by social chaos, Sohwa Kirin Beer was transformed into Oriental Brewery Co., Ltd. and Doosan Group began to be formed. This formation period marked the dawn of Doosan Group pioneering the beer market, launching construction and machinery industries and exploring the overseas markets. This period was the time when the need for the management to be separated from the capital was strongly felt in order to maximize the management philosophy carried forward from the initial stage of the Doosan Group. The growth factor from the management point of view was the corporate philosophy based on harmony, honesty and public service spirit. In 1974, a new era began with the appointment of management expert Soo-Chang Jung as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. It was a major turning point for Doosan Group. The efforts of the top management in this period could be characterized by its focus on creation of growth paths for electronic industries, accumulation of technologies through strategic alliance or merging with the companies of advanced countries, and expansion or realignment of existing businesses. The first growth factor in this period was the emphasis of creativity that provided the basis and momentum for healthy management and the second was organizational restructuring to be prepared for acquisition and merging and maintain the specialty of each business unit. Take-off period started with the arrival of Chairman Yong-Kon Park in 1981 and continued until 1995. In this period, development of overseas markets was reinforced in the areas of beer. construction, electronics, glass, machinery and trading while new businesses were actively explored. The Group was pressing forward with continuous expansion, horizontally as well as vertically. The growth factors from the management point of view were customer-satisfaction, priority on Quality, innovation, recruitment of talented people as well as organizational change aimed for diversification and specialization through the new system and mixed use of business divisions and teams. The year 1996 saw the beginning of innovation period of Doosan Group, As the external e

무선 애드 혹 기반 액티브네트워크상에서 QoS지원에 관한 연구

李基源,裵振勝,丁燦赫,金玄郁,李光培,姜景仁,朴京培,文泰洙,郭承郁,河載承 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - In this thesis, we propose a QoS supporting method on wireless ad hoc-based active network for improving reliability. On the loss of route path, the existing DSR routing protocol has several problems with wireless network communication because of decease of data reception rate and increase of network load. The proposed method improves reliability of data transfer by using functions of active network. That is, by using functions of active nodes and active packets, the proposed method supports QoS with reservation transfer method that saves data packets on transfer at intermediate nodes with lost path and then re-transmit the packets after route reconfiguration.

이동 애드 혹 네트워크에서의 환경적응형 QoS AODV 라우팅 프로토콜에 관한 연구

裵振勝,宋東勳,吳世德,鄭燦赫,金玄郁,李光培,文泰洙,郭承郁,河載承 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.23 No.-

In this paper, we propose a bidirectional mobile Ad Hoc routing protocol based on AODV(ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing) with QoS(quality of service) support. At presence, wireless mobile communication focuses on how to efficiently support mobility of users more than QoS guarantee. However, in order to satisfy requirement of various applications which have been or will be served, QoS guarantee between end points is a very important issue. The existing AODV routing protocol is implemented to use only BE (Best Effort) service. However, actual wireless mobile environment requires to reduce a waste of communication resources and meet with the real-time change of data paths by setting up routes with QoS support, considering available communication resources at each node in advance. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose an adaptive QoS support method using hello message in order to rapidly meet with the change of available communication resources and to smoothly perform route maintenance. For performance evaluation, we analyzed the average data reception rate. At that time, we used evaluation parameters such as node's mobility-stop time, hello message period, and packet priority, considering the node's mobility and the number of best effort/QoS data flows. As results, we found that with our proposed method the average data reception rate was increased 16.293%, 15.914%, 17.238% for 300 mobility-stop second case and 4.809%, 4.264%, 2.956% for 300 mobility-stop second case.

내시경적 점막절제술로 치험한 식도 과립상 세포종 1례

강혁주,김성욱,최석진,이중현,장재식,서영범,윤병구,박건욱,김성자,김용섭,강승완,이구,양창헌,이창우,김욱년,이광헌,서정일 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

과립상 세포종은 Schwann 세포 기원으로 생각되며 인체에 비교적 드물게 발생한다. 과립상 세포종은 전신 어느 곳에서나 발견될 수 있으나 주로 혀, 구강, 피부 혹은 유방 등에서 호발하며 드물게 위장관에서 발견된다. 위장관에서는 식도에서 가장 호발하며 다음으로 위, 대장 순이다. 과립상 세포종은 대부분, 특히 위장관에서는 양성이며 소수의 악성 병변이 보고되었다. 이러한 이유와 함께 수술 전의 진단이 어렵기 때문에 과립상 세포종에 대한 근본적인 치료는 현재까지 외과적 절제술이다. 최근에 시도되는 치료방법들로는 내시경적 레이저 치료, 용종절제술, 내시경적 점막 절제술 등이 있다. 저자들은 상부 소화관 내시경검사를 시행하여 식도 과립상 세포종을 진단하고 내시경적 점막 절제술을 시행하여 합병증 없이 퇴원하여 현재 재발없이 경과 관찰중인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Granular cell tumors, which occur infrequently, are probably of Schwann cell origin. They can occur almost anywhere in the body but usually affect the tongue, oral cavity, skin, or breasts and are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tracts. The esophagus is the most frequent gastrointestinal site, followed by the stomach and the colon. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, some malignant lesions have been reported. For this reason, and also because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, the standard treatment for granular cell tumor has until now been surgical excision. In recent years, other therapeutic methods is endoscopic laser therapy (ELT), polypectiomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor which was diagnosed by an endoscopy and managed using an endoscopic mucosal resection without complication.

청소년 소비자의 쇼핑가치와 충동구매에 관한 분석

이승욱,김종금 단국대학교 산업경제연구원 1998 산업연구 Vol.21 No.-

戰後 日本의 高度經濟成長要因에 관한 硏究 : 1953~1972年을 中心으로 With special reference to years from 1953 through 1972

李承郁 단국대학교 상경대학 1982 商學論叢 Vol.18 No.-

Japan has rapidly grown up to the second largest economy in the free world within barely 25 years after the war by surpassing the advanced Western countries from the ruins, desolate and confusion in the Wake of World War Ⅱ. Furthermore, she was in difficult conditions with poor natural resources and with small & narrow arable land. Between 1951 and 1973 the Japanese economy grew at an average annual rate of 10 percent in real terms, which represents a seven and a half fold increase in the size of real GNP. How the high growth of Japanese economy could have continued since 1955? How it grew at the speedest among the world advanced countries? The main aim of this study is to clarify the primary factors, motivation, economic pecularity and secret to make high growth of Japanese economy and to see through the prospect of the economic growth of Japan. The historical analysis to review the course of economic growth of postwar Japan and structural analysis to preview the point of nowadays shall be taken to the method of this study. The factor for the economic growth of Japan shall be analyzed from the view point of the Sources Approach originated by Edward F.Denison. The composition of this thesis shall be made by description of the purpose of study, scope and method at I., introduction, and reviewing the course of high economic growth and status of the business cycle at Ⅱ and at Ⅲ, the basic cause of economic growth shall be analyzed and proved actual state and conclusion for the results of growing factors shall be briefly summerized by prospecting the growth of Japan henceforth at Ⅳ. The direct or indirect growth factor can be classified in economic main cause and external economic factor. The most important of all is the economic interior essential elements of increase of input of production requisite and production increase of per element. The high economic growth factors of postwar japan would be classified into direct economic main cause and indirect exterior economic factor and the results are summed up as follows: (The basic economic factors for the high rate of growth) 1)The largest contribution to growth was made by the increase of capital investment and it’s content, the constructive factor of capital stock has increased with high rate. This is of course due to the high rate of investment and savings. 2)The next largest contribution was made by the rapid advance in knowledge and miscellaneous determinants. 3)The causes of contribution can be exampled to economies of scale following market expansion. 4)Increase of all components of labor input except education. 5)Allocation of resources was substantially improved by reducing the proportion of the total labor supply being efficiently used in agriculture or consists of self-employed and unpaid family workers in nonfarm enterprises. 6)Increased education per worker was the sixth largest source of growth. Educational background is a very important determinant of the quality of labor, and the increase in the education of the labor force was a significant source of growth of national income. 7)The last source of the economic factor is the gain from the reduction of barriers to international trade. The order of growth contribution ratio per each of these sources to total national income growth are : The contribution grade of capital input is 23.8% ; the improvement of advance of knowledge and other sources is 22.4% ; the profit of economic scale is 22.0%. The total of these 3 sources is contributed 78.2% to total national income growth, almost 80%. Accordingly, the growth was led by these 3 sources. Especially, it is remarkable that very high rate of contribution was shown by enlargement of improved technology and scale of economy. (The basic non-economic factors for the high rate of growth) 1)The Japanese government policy gave the high priority to the high rate of growth and effectively integrated the effects of government and people under elite bureaucracy of the central government (so-called “the japan, Inc.”). 2)The reforms following the World War Ⅱ such as new peace constitution, agricultural reform, three labor laws and dissolution of zaibatsu conglomerates lay important foundation to expedite the gorwth. 3)In the 1950s and 1960s, price stability in resource and energy supply and favorable international environment made the high growth of japan. 4)The peculier value judgement and economic mindedness of the Japaneses rendered a great contribution to the growth. The Japanese mainly regard national benefits more than personal welfare, group rather than individual cooperation and conciliation aimed at harmony, and they uphold advancement-oriented, achievement-oriented and work-oriented perseverance and loyalty. 5)The political stability as well as stable value of Yen made contribution to the growth. 6)The various economic structure of Japan which has been fully equipped before the war, potentiality of growth and capability of rapid absorption made the rapid growth. 7)It may also be pointed out as a growth factor that the high rate of growth is usually observed during period of restoration from the war devastation. The origin of the high rate of growth in postwar Japan could be considered as result of combinations of each factors mentioned in the above. It is my belief that the economic factors were played more dominant role to the high rate of economic growth than the non-economic causes. In the 1980’s, the many Japanese industries such as steel, shipbuilding, communication machineries, household electric machinery, watch, camera, precision machineries, automobiles, industrial machineries, electronic semiconductors, robot industry are holding the top ranking in the world, despite the growing uncertainty in their domestic as well as international situations. The sources of these performance is mainly found in the economic and non-economic factors for the growth as mentioned in the above. The major threat to the sustained economic growth of Japan can be the possible oil crisis, international dispute, aggravation of inflation, currency critical situation, or trade friction. Consequently, it seems to be diffecult to continue the two-digit growth like in the past, as for the prospect of economic growth henceforth. However, the position of top ranking growth status among the advanced countries may without doubt be maintained The economic growth of Japan will be characterized during 1980s with stable growth rather than high rate of growth. In short, the growth rate will be 5% to 7%. Nevertheless, the possibility that Japan keep enjoy the high rate of growth might be very high if international circumstances would turn better. The miracle of the Japanese economy seems to be hard to show the sign of going into declining years, and it is perspected that they keep being a good eszmple of high rate of economic growth in the world of twentieth century.

국산밀의 제빵에 대한 효소의 영향

이승철,하정욱 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

밀은 국내 소비 곡물 중 2위를 차지하고 있으나 대부분 수입에 의존하고 있다. 최근들어 국산밀에 대한 관심과 호응의 증대로 국산밀의 소비가 증가하고 있으나, 국산 밀가루에는 화학적 첨가물이 전혀 함유되어 있지 않아 제빵 적성이 수입밀에 비하여 뛰어나지 못한다. 국산밀의 제빵 적성을 향상시키기 위하여 천연 밀 단백질인 활성 글루텐과 효소를 첨가하여 제빵적성을 조사하였다. 먼저 밀가루의 0.1%에 해당하는 α-amylase, bromelain, 복합효소(단백질 가수분해 효소, 전분 가수분해 효소)를 각각 첨가한 결과, 빵이 물러지고 부피팽장이 현저히 저하되었다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 천연 밀단백질인 활성 글루텐 첨가 함량을 조절하여 제빵한 결과, 대조구인 수입밀에 비하여 10%의 활성 글루텐을 함유한 빵에서 부피 팽창이 가장 좋았으며, 15%의 활성 글루텐을 첨가한 빵에서 색도가 가장 수입밀로 만든 빵에 접근하였다. 10%의 활성 글루텐에 0.0001%의 α-amylase를 첨가하여 제빵했을 때, 부피 팽창도 좋고 맛도 우수한 국산밀 빵을 제조할 수 있었다. 따라서, 천연 밀단백질인 활성 글루텐과 효소를 첨가하여 국산밀의 제빵능력 향상을 기할 수 있었다. To increase utilization of Korean wheat flour, bread-making characteristics of that with addition of enzymes were observed. When α-amylase, bromelain, and complex enzyme (contains protease and amylase) were added to the concentration of 0.1% of wheat flour, resulted breads shown insufficient volume increase. The addition of vital wheat gluten, natural wheat protein, to Korean wheat flour shown positive effect on bread-making ability. At concentration of 10% vital wheat gluten, volume increase of bread was best, while color of bread was nearest to imported wheat flour-bread at 15% gluten. By sensory test for breads, which were made with several combination of Korean wheat flour, vital wheat gluten, and enzyme, bread contains additional 10% vital wheat gluten and 0.0001% of α-amylase acquires best points at texture and taste. With above results, we could improve bread-making ability of Korean wheat flour with addition of vital wheat gluten and α-amylase.

고등각막표면연마 굴절수술에서 스무딩 병용 수술의 임상성적

이승욱 고신대학교 의과대학 2011 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.26 No.1

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the results of AdvancedSurface Ablation (ASA) coupled with "smoothing" to smoothen ablation surface after covering masking fluid. METHODS: ASA was performed in 48 eyes that had myopic refractive error. The case with ablation depth over 100 microm was assigned into subgroup. Mean refractive error was -5.71 +/- 1.25D and mean ablation depth was 101.74 +/- 11.15 microm. Smoothing was performed in all patients (mean time 15.59 +/- 1.34 seconds, mean diameter 8.60 +/- 0.21 mm). RESULTS: Mean refractive error was -0.16 +/- 0.42D, -0.30 +/- 0.40D at postoperative 3 and 6 months. 92% and 96% of patients had an uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 1.0 or better at postoperative 3 and 6 months, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in magnitude of high order aberrations at postoperative 6 months. Cornea was maintained clear in the majority. CONCLUSIONS: Excellent results were obtained by ASA coupled with "smoothing" in high myopia patients. And subgroup with ablation depth over 100 microm was also obtained satisfactory results.

Gottfried Benn의 抒情詩에 나타나는 「現實解體(Wirklichkeitsablo¨sung) 」의 構造硏究 : 初期 抒情詩를 中心으로

李承旭 慶北大學校 獨語獨文學硏究會 1985 獨語獨文學 Vol.15 No.-

15世紀 國語의 先語末接尾辭 <-가/거->

李承旭 단국대학교 인문대학 국어국문학과 1967 國文學論集 Vol.1 No.-

Among a set of prefinal suffixes which we cannot pass over in our morphological analysis of Middle Korean, the morpheme 〈-ka/k -〉 has been almost beyond our concern, and the object of this study was to survey the structural distribution-links of the morpheme, clarifying its analogons relation of tense-system. In the result, 〈-ka/k -〉, in its distribution-links, proved to be, along with its structural characteristic, the stem-forming prefinal suffix as the inflexional suffix. And the morpheme combinated with this 〈-ka/k -〉, though incomplete, can be put to practical use along with part of closing morphemes and nonclosing morphemes. The opposing consciousness of the morpheme 〈-ka/k -〉 with the similar prefinal suffix 〈-da/d -〉 became evident, and it is presumed that mutually opposing items 〈-da/d -〉 and 〈-ka/k -〉 were opposed in imperfect and perfect aspects within the system of past tense. Since the Middle Korean, however, was already eroded by new category of the morpheme 〈-ait/ it-〉, the peculiarity of the period was decaying, and the links towards the prefinal morpheme was disintegrating, too.