Protective Effect of Heme Oxygenase-1 on High Glucose-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Injury

Lee, Eun-Mi,Lee, Young-Eun,Lee, Esder,Ryu, Gyeong Ryul,Ko, Seung-Hyun,Moon, Sung-Dae,Song, Ki-Ho,Ahn, Yu-Bae Korean Diabetes Association 2011 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.35 No.5

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Glucose toxicity that is caused by chronic exposure to a high glucose concentration leads to islet dysfunction and induces apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been identified as an anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective gene. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether HO-1 up-regulation when using metalloprotophyrin (cobalt protoporphyrin, CoPP) could protect pancreatic β-cells from high glucose-induced apoptosis.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the CoPP-induced mRNA expression of HO-1. Cell viability of INS-1 cells cultured in the presence of CoPP was examined by acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using flow cytometry. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was determined following incubation with CoPP in different glucose concentrations.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>CoPP increased HO-1 mRNA expression in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. Overexpression of HO-1 inhibited caspase-3, and the number of dead cells in the presence of CoPP was significantly decreased when exposed to high glucose conditions (HG). CoPP also decreased the generation of intracellular ROS by 50% during 72 hours of culture with HG. However, decreased GSIS was not recovered even in the presence of CoPP.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Our data suggest that CoPP-induced HO-1 up-regulation results in protection from high glucose-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells; however, glucose stimulated insulin secretion is not restored.</P>

Evaluation for Impacts of Nitrogen Source to Groundwater Quality in Livestock Farming Area

Lee, Gyeong-Mi,Park, Sunhwa,Kim, Ki-In,Jeon, Sang-Ho,Song, Dahee,Kim, Deok-hyun,Kim, Tae-Seung,Yun, Seong-Taek,Chung, Hyen Mi,Kim, Hyun-Koo 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.5

We investigated 52 livestock farming complexes in Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces based on low, medium, and high livestock density and groundwater quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate a relationship between nitrate N concentration in groundwater and animal factors, such as livestock density and animal species. 2,200 groundwater samples for 3 years from 2012 to 2014 at Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, DO, ORP, temperature, major anions and cations, such as $NO_3-N$, ${HCO_3}^-$, ${PO_4}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, $Cl^-$, $NH_4-N$, $K^+$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, T-N, and TOC. Average concentration of total N for generated load density was $23,973g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for cattle, $51,551g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for pig, and $52,100g\;day^{-1}\;km^{-2}$ for poultry. For animal feeding species, average ratio for generated load over discharge load was 16.1% for cattle, 7.8% for pig, and 7.1% for poultry. Therefore, cattle feeding region is highly vulnerable for water pollution compared to pig and poultry feeding areas. The concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and total N in the groundwater samples were higher at high animal farming regions than other regions. The average concentration of nitrate, and chloride in groundwater samples was $5.0mg\;L^{-1}$, $16.6mg\;L^{-1}$ for low livestock density, $6.9mg\;L^{-1}$, $17.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for medium livestock density and $7.6mg\;L^{-1}$, $22.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for high livestock density and total nitrogen (T-N) was $7.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for low livestock density, $9.4mg\;L^{-1}$ for medium livestock density, $10.7mg\;L^{-1}$ for high livestock density. In conclusion, based on this research, for managing groundwater quality near livestock farming regions, $Ca-(Cl+NO_3)$ group from the Piper diagram is more efficient than using 19 factors for water quality standard.

Evaluation for Impacts of Nitrogen Source to Groundwater Quality in Livestock Farming Area

Gyeong-Mi Lee,Sunhwa Park,Ki-In Kim,Sang-Ho Jeon,Dahee Song,Deok-hyun Kim,Tae-Seung Kim,Seong-Taek Yun,Hyen Mi Chung,Hyun-Koo Kim 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.5

We investigated 52 livestock farming complexes in Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces based on low, medium, and high livestock density and groundwater quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate a relationship between nitrate N concentration in groundwater and animal factors, such as livestock density and animal species. 2,200 groundwater samples for 3 years from 2012 to 2014 at Gyeong-Gi and Incheon provinces were collected and analyzed for pH, EC, DO, ORP, temperature, major anions and cations, such as NO₃-N, HCO₃<SUP>-</SUP>, PO₄<SUP>-</SUP>, SO₄<SUP>2-</SUP>, Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, NH₄-N, K<SUP>+</SUP>, Na<SUP>+</SUP>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, T-N, and TOC. Average concentration of total N for generated load density was 23,973 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for cattle, 51,551 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for pig, and 52,100 g day<SUP>-1</SUP> km<SUP>-2</SUP> for poultry. For animal feeding species, average ratio for generated load over discharge load was 16.1% for cattle, 7.8% for pig, and 7.1% for poultry. Therefore, cattle feeding region is highly vulnerable for water pollution compared to pig and poultry feeding areas. The concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and total N in the groundwater samples were higher at high animal farming regions than other regions. The average concentration of nitrate, and chloride in groundwater samples was 5.0 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 16.6 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for low livestock density, 6.9 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 17.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for medium livestock density and 7.6 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, 22.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for high livestock density and total nitrogen (T-N) was 7.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for low livestock density, 9.4 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for medium livestock density, 10.7 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> for high livestock density. In conclusion, based on this research, for managing groundwater quality near livestock farming regions, Ca-(Cl+NO₃) group from the Piper diagram is more efficient than using 19 factors for water quality standard.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Korean ginseng extract GS-KG9 in a D-galactosamine-induced liver damage animal model

Yun Ho Jo,Hwan Lee,Myeong Hwan Oh,Gyeong Hee Lee,You Jin Lee,Ji Sun Lee,Min Jung Kim,Won Yong Kim,Jin Seong Kim,Dae Seok Yoo,Sang Won Cho,Seon Woo Cha,Mi Kyung Pyo 한국영양학회 2020 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.14 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the improvement effect of white ginseng extract (GS-KG9) on D-galactosamine (Ga1N)-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. Rats were orally administrated with GS-KG9 (300, 500, or 700 mg/kg) or silymarin (25 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The rats of the GS-KG9- and silymarin-treated groups and a control group were then intraperitoneally injected Ga1N at a concentration of 650 mg/kg for 4 days. To investigate the protective effect of GS-KG9 against GalN-induced liver injury, blood liver function indicators, anti-oxidative stress indicators, and histopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GS-KG9 ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in GalN-treated rats. The hepatoprotective effects of GS-KG9 involved enhancing components of the hepatic antioxidant defense system, including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, GS-KG9 treatment inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by GalN treatment in hepatocytes and significantly increased the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins, which are antioxidant proteins. In particular, by histological analyses bases on hematoxylin and eosin, Masson"s trichrome, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 staining, we determined that the administration of 500 mg/kg GS-KG9 inhibited hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to the excessive accumulation of collagen. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that GS-KG9 improves GalN-induced liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GS-KG9 may be considered a useful candidate in the development of a natural preventive agent against liver injury.

生體 氣에 대한 波動共鳴的인 연구

류경호,김경철,이용태 대한동의생리학회,대한동의병리학회 2003 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The present condition of study on the wave-resonance for the bio-KI is observed. And the probroms of reception attendant on the stimulation of wave is observed centering around the sensory organ. The results is as follows: In the wave-resonant stand point, the tendency of studying on KI is showed in the several field all over the world. Because it is originated radionics, the wave-resonant tools of MRA insistenting minute-magnetism-resonance-apparatus need the more severe data in the side of electric circuit. The wave resonance apparatus according to the frequency occurance transmits low-frequency's vibration ratio to the electric stimulating aspect. The wave-water is considered on the application of wave-resonance transcription on the water, and needs the comprehension of torsion-field level. The wave-stimulation of the bio-KI and the reception of the sensory-organ is observed the connection of the sensory-organ and it's corresponding wave. The informations recorded in the wave are distinguished patternly. And the several shaping waves transmit the informations each other through the resonnance. The wave theory is explained the LEE(理) as the wave-pattern and the KI(氣) as the revelation of the patterned-wave in the LEE-KI theory(理氣論), moreover the SHIN(神) as the information of the wave-pattern and the KI as the energy of the wave and the JEUNG(精) as the material of the wave in the JEUNG-KI-SHIN theory(精氣神論). In this point, the study on the wave-resonance of bio-KI is thought that it is significantly in the study method for oriental medicine. The sum of the wave makes the moving body and forms the universe. It means that the several wave patterns gather and form new field. The pattern is a kind of the information and the information is not materially. The information of wave-pattern is the arrangement and the combination of the material source.

마이크로니들의 형태 및 적용방법이 약물의 피부 투과에 미치는 영향

임지호,이경록,이은주,조정원 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2012 藥學論文集 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of this study is to develop the microneedle using biodegradable and biocompatible polymer and to pioneer the new route of drug delivery through the research to apply the most desirable administration form of small molecules, peptides, proteins, genes, biological products including vaccines. Various biocompatible microneedles were manufactured. To apply drug to microneedle, drug formulation using ethylene vinyl acetate patch or polyacryl acid gel was developed. Drug permeation into rat skin based on the application method of patch or gel with microneedle was studied using Franz diffusion cell system. In vitro drug permeation results showed that the permeation by the application of hollow microneedle was not increased compared with solid microneedle. When G60 or G60*2 microneedle was used, the permeated amount of calcein was increased compared to when solid microneedle was used. The permeated amount of lidocaine HCl in 12 hr was increased when microneedle was used was increased. Skin irritation followed by microneedle showed there was little difference in the decrease of redness after microneedle application based on application time.

음향 Intensity 측정에서 Phase Errors

李俊河,張浩京,金禮顯,金成奎 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1988 基礎科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

The finite-approximation errors of measuring acoustic intensity using two closely spaced microphones are examined in this paper. The phase errors are considered by measuring the residual intensity between the two microphone systems exposing them to the same sound over awide range of frequencies. The loudspeaker in the pressure chamber is fed with white or pink noise, and the pressure spectra from the two microphones is identical. The measuring errors are estimated by checking the difference between the measured sound pressure and sound intensity. For the microphone separation of 12mm, the finite-approximation errors are shown to be less than ±1dB from 125 Hz to 5KHz.

광음향 효과에 의한 고체분말의 분광학적 연구

이준하,김동일,김예현,장호경 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

A single beam photoacoustic spectrum analysis of the light absorption and radiationless processes from powdered solid samples is described. When the chopped light impinges on some condenced matters such as CuSO₄and ZnO, in a closed cell, the acoustic signals are prodeced within the cell. In order to investigate the physical properties of powdered solids, the acoustic signals were detected using a gas-microphone. The photoacoustic spectrum analysis of the various samples was carried out to obtain the intensity of the P.A. signal in terms of light wavelength. The light absorption spectrum of powdered CuSO₄obtained by using P.A. spetroscopy was similar to those obtained by using of optical spectrometry. the energy bandgap according to energy transitions of ZnO was 3.4 eV.

공압 회전실린더의 재질특성 연구

장호경,이역규 경산대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 基礎科學 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구에서는 공압작동식 랙-피니언 회전실린더의 피스톤 기어 재질 특성에 관하여 연구하였다. 랙-피니언 회전실린더의 동작 성능에 중요한 피스톤 기어의 재질을 알루미늄 합금에서 유리섬유가 첨가된 나일론 플라스틱으로 교체하였다. 나일론 플라스틱은 알루미늄 합금에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 비중과 가공공정의 용이성 및 원가절감의 효과를 기대할 수 있지만, 내구성에 문제가 있다. 따라서 내구성에 대한 타당성 검증과 최적의 유리섬유 첨가량을 결정하기 위해 나일론 플라스틱에 유리섬유 첨가량을 변화시켜 인장강도, 충격강도 및 굽힘 강도를 측정하였다. The characteristics of material for the piston gear of the pneumatically operated rack-pinion rotating cylinder were studied. The material of piston gear was replaced aluminum alloy with nylon plastic for the operation performance of rack-pinion rotating cylinder. The properties of nylon plastic were the low specific gravity, easiness of manufacturing process and effect of cost reduction. In this paper, the tensile strength, impact strength and flexural strength were measured according to glass fiber percentage for the feasibility inspection of the fabricated piston gear.

성차와 리더십 : 문헌적 고찰 A Literature Review

조경순,이신자,김호원 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구소 2004 아시아여성연구 Vol.43 No.1

최근 여성 리더십에 대한 기업 조직과 학문 분야의 관심이 커지고 있지만 아직 여성 리더십과 관련된 다양한 개념들은 혼용되어 사용되고 있다. 여성 리더와 여성 리더십 연구의 체계적 접근을 위해 생물학적 성과 젠더의 측면에 따른 남녀의 차이와 남녀의 리더십 차이, 그리고 남녀의 리더십 유효성 차이를 경영학 분야에서 연구된 실증연구를 토대로 문헌 고찰을 하였다. 그 결과 성차가 존재하는 가에 대한 물음에 성차는 남녀의 생물학적 차이를 제외하면 성역할 사회화를 통해 만들어지는 것으로 보는 경향이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 리더십의 성차는 리더십 특성과 행위에 차이를 보이는 경향으로, 리더십 유효성에 대한 남녀 차이는 남성이 리더십을 더 발휘한다고 평가하는 경향이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 리더십과 리더십 유효성의 남녀 차이에 대한 연구는 일관된 결과를 보여주지 못하였으며, 조절변수에 따라 그 차이가 달라질 수 있다고 보고되고 있다. 추가적으로 남녀의 리더십과 리더십 유효성의 차이는 생물학적 성에 의한 차이보다 젠더차에 의한 것이 크며, 이는 성을 남성성과 여성성 및 양성성으로 구분하여 유효성에 대해 남녀 차이를 살펴보는 등의 다양한 연구의 시도들이 필요하다. The literature of leadership research has emphasized the importance of gender issue not only from an academic perspective but also from practical viewpoint. However, the literature seems unclear about many gender-related leadership conceptualizations. This study reviews theoretical and empirical research in organizational behavior,and aims to draw clear a view of the current state of research regarding gender issues in leadership research. Our understanding of the conceptual difference of biological sex and sociological gender of women and men led us to focus on sex- and gender-related differences in leadership, especially in leadership effectiveness. Our review indicates that most of the differences displayed by women- and men-leaders are attributable to their gender- role socialization, rather than their biological sex. It is also found that men-leadership is more effective in general, though the relationship in not very consistent and could be moderated by various factors such as nature of task, composition of the work group, and support from family. Our findings imply that gender differences in leadership are primarily based on socially constructed reality, which suggests future studies on gender issues in leadership to consider masculinity, femininity, and androgyny as major factors that have influence on leadership effectiveness differences.