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2003년도 해양스포츠 체험활동을 통한 소아건강교실 사례 발표
김현준,이상엽,이가영,곽현,이남수,김혜선,김윤진,김인주,김용기,대한비만학회 부산분과학회 일동 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.13 No.4
부산에 소재한 3개 초등학교 청소년단체 소속의 초등하교 3학년부터 6학년까지 구성된 172명을 대상으로 청소년단체 지도자, 초등학교교사, 자원봉사자, 의사와 영양사가 1박 2일간의 해양스포츠 체험활동 을 통한 건강교실을 시행하였다. 대상자의 체질량지수, 체지방량을 측정하여 비만정도를 평가하였으며, 칼로리 섭취에 대한 강의를 시행하였고, 설문지 조사를 통해 대상자의 식이 섭취 습관에 대한 조사를 시행하였고, 본 건강교실에 대한 만족도를 측정하였다. 대상자중 남자에서는 40%, 여자에서는 25.69%에서 비만 경향을 보였다. 대상자의 대부분에서 시행된 건강교실에 긍정적 반응을 보였으며, 향후 체계적인 구성과 철저한 사전계획이 병행되어 본 증례 보고와 같은 건강교실을 시행한다면, 비만아동에서 거부감 없이 비만에 대한 교육을 실시할 수 있으며, 정상 체중 아동군에서도 비만에 대한 예방교육을 시행할 수 있는 프로그램이 될 것이다. 172 elementary school students involved this health program. This subjects were learened about obesity that affect health problem, ideal eating habits, calories that contained in the children's favorite foods by doctors and nutritionist. And this stubjects were checked heights, weight, body fat percent. Obesity is 40% in the boys and 25.69% in the girls. Most subjects were satisfactory with this health program. So we will effectively educate obese children without resistance and prevent normal weight children from obesity through structured and well-designed health program that similar to this program.
Kim, Kyeongnam,Jeon, Hwang-Ju,Choi, Sung-Deuk,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Oleszczuk, Patryk,Ok, Yong Sik,Lee, Hoi-Seon,Lee, Sung-Eun Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.194 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Individual and combined toxicities of endosulfan (ENDO) with phenanthrene (PHE) were evaluated using zebrafish (<I>Danio rerio</I>) adults. The 96-h LC<SUB>50</SUB> values for ENDO and PHE were 4.6 μg L<SUP>−1</SUP> and 920 μg L<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. To evaluate the mixture toxicity, LC<SUB>10</SUB> and LC<SUB>50</SUB> concentrations were grouped into four combinations as ENDO-LC<SUB>10</SUB> + PHE-LC<SUB>10</SUB>, ENDO-LC<SUB>10</SUB> + PHE-LC<SUB>50</SUB>, ENDO-LC<SUB>50</SUB> + PHE-LC<SUB>10</SUB>, and ENDO-LC<SUB>50</SUB> + PHE-LC<SUB>50</SUB>, and their acute toxicities were determined. The combination of LC<SUB>50</SUB>-ENDO and LC<SUB>10</SUB>-PHE exhibited a synergistic effect. In addition, acetylcholinesterase activity decreased in zebrafish bodies exposed to ENDO with or without PHE. Combined treatments induced higher glutathione <I>S</I>-transferase activity compared to individual treatments. Carboxylesterase activity increased in both heads and bodies of ENDO-treated fishes compared with PHE-treated fishes. Using RT-qPCR technique, CYP1A gene expression significantly up-regulated in all combinations, whereas CYP3A was unchanged, suggesting that enzymes involved in defense may play different roles in the detoxification. CYP7A1 gene responsible for bile acid biosynthesis is dramatically down-regulated after exposure to the synergistic combination exposure, referring that the synergistic effect may be resulted from the reduction of bile production in zebrafishes. Among gender-related genes, CYP11A1 and CYP17A1 genes in female zebrafish decreased after treatment with ENDO alone and combination of LC<SUB>50</SUB>-ENDO and LC<SUB>10</SUB>-PHE. This might be related to a reduction in cortisol production. The overall results indicated that ENDO and PHE were toxic to zebrafish adults both individually and in combination, and that their co-presence induced changes in the expression of genes responsible for metabolic processes and defense mechanisms.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Combined toxicity of endosulfan and phenanthrene up-regulated CYP1A, <I>ugt1a1</I>, and <I>sult1st1</I> genes. </LI> <LI> Combined toxicity showed a synergistic effect with a down-regulation in bile acid biosynthesis. </LI> <LI> Adrenal steroidogenesis in female zebrafishes was severely affected by endosulfan treatment. </LI> <LI> Fish gender should be considered for future toxicological studies. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Biochemical mechanisms of fumigant toxicity by ethyl formate towards Myzus persicae nymphs
Kyeongnam Kim,Byung-Ho Lee,Jeong Sun Park,Jeong Oh Yang,Sung-Eun Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2017 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
Ethyl formate has been used for the control of insect pests by fumigation. However, there were not many reports toshow its target site of fumigant toxicity on insect pests since its first use in the agricultural industry. In the present study,we showed the presumable target sites of ethyl formate fumigation in insect pests using Myzus persicae nymphs. Afterethyl formate fumigation, the nymphs of this species were collected and the changes at the biochemical and molecularlevel were determined. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) was approximately two-fold higher after ethyl formatefumigation. In addition, the expression levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) decreased gradually with increasing ethylformate concentration. These two findings suggested that COX and AChE might be the major target sites of ethyl formatefumigation. In addition to these results, the analysis of lipid content using MALDI-TOF MS/MS identified 9 phospholipidsdifferently generated 2-fold higher in the ethyl formate-treated nymphs than that in the control nymphs, thereby leadingto changes in cell membrane composition in M. persicae nymphs. Therefore, the ethyl formate fumigation caused lethaleffects on M. persicae nymphs by changing COX activity, AChE gene expression, and phospholipid production.