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( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3
Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)
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金泳壽,都德洙,徐寅軾 慶北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.52 No.-
In this paper the stability of gravity retaining wall is analysed through its probability of failure during earthquakes. Mononobe and Okabe, Seed and Whitman, and Elms and Richards methods are used to determine dynamic earth pressures. And Meyerhof's ultimate bearing capacity theory is employed to find bearing capacity, Three possible modes of failure are examined using AFOSM method. To account for the uncertainty in their numerical values, these factors are taken tobe random variables instead of uniquely valued quantities. On the base of the results obtained in this study, it is concluded that (1) the program that is developed by this study is very useful in assessing the reliability walls under both static and seismic conditions : and (2) the probability of failure of a gravity retaining wall is greatly affected by horizontal accelleration.
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김덕수,김강온,김철성 전남대학교 전자통신기술연구소 2001 전자통신기술논문지 Vol.4 No.1
In this work, cell search which is one of the important functions of W-CDMA system in Rayleigh fading channel is studied by cell search simulation of asynchronous IMT-2000 system(3GPP). For the optimization of this process, three stages are considered: 1) slot synchronization, 2) frame synchronization, and 3) scrambling code identification. It is found that key system parameters such as Primary Synchronization Channel (P-SCH). Secondary Synchronization Channel(S-SCH), and Common Pilot Channel (CPCH) loading factor are optimized. It is noted that the smaller optimal threshold value, the larger SNR of the received signal. Therefore, it is important that the optimal threshold value should be selected in the region of SNR
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연약지반 성토시 사면의 안정에 미치는 Geotextile의 효과
김수일,조삼덕,우제윤 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1982 논문집 Vol.14 No.2
Geotextiles have been extensively used in road constructions as effective and economical materials performing several functions such as separation, filtration, drainage, protection against frost break, and as reinforcement to improve the load bearing capacity and stability of road. In this study, a method for the analysis of embankment reinforced with geotextile is studied. Computer program based on the simplified Bishop method is modified in order to investigate quantitively the effect of gotextile on the slope stability of embankment on weak soils. Evaluation of the tensile strength required for the design safety factor is also possible utilizing the computer program in this study.
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문수덕,김진규,황희용 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2007 産業技術硏究 Vol.27 No.A
In High-Speed DSP systems, crosstalk between transmission lines of multi-channel can degrade the performance of equipment operations, This paper presents a microwave board to measure multi-channel coaxial cable assembly. The designed board has good performances from DC to 3 GHz, which have improved characteristic impedance, reduced crosstalk by using via fence, and low transmission loss. Using the designed board, we can measure characteristics of DUT(Device Under Test) such as return loss, insertion loss, crosstalk, phase delay, and characteristic impedance. The measured results are used to improve performances of a produced coaxial cable assembly.
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鄭炅秀,金德南 삼척대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.30 No.3
One of the most critical environmental problem confronting our nation today is the garbage disposals created by foods. Since the foods garbage contain high rate of moisture, creation of offensive odor and filthy water in garbage fill is now zooming up as the major social problems. Various counter measures have been taken by the government agencies concerned to solve the poignant situation. However, steps taken proved to be rather limited to for the larger restaurants or mass messing facilities while the foods garbage disposal for the individual residential house has been rather ignored. Therefore, this treatise, set aims on the study and analysis described below for the development of rational design and the selection of proposed foods garbage disposer which may be directly available and be operated at individual residential house so that house garbage problems be independently solved. Chapter 1 presents the theory that the decrease of volume of the garbage and transforming into the compost are the best option which is concluded following the analysis of economical aspects over the effects of creation of living garbage and consequent disposal process which effects the environments. Chapter 2 analysed the type of foods garbage disposers and the technical trends of prevailing disposal products in the markets in order to select the type which may be applied to urban residential houses. The needs of such disposers are confirmed through the questionaries distributed to the various housewives directly and collecting answers. Chapter 3 proposes realistic conclusion as to the design of practical, compact sized and soft imaged based on the analysis of trends of house appliances and kitchen interior where proposed disposer should be located. Conjoint analysis is applied for the selection of products concept to maximize the efficiency by the user. As the result, the disposer with price range of 250,000 Korean Won with exchangeable cartridge and the daily disposal capacity of 1 kilogram is selected as the most practically applicable one.
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백서의 치아이동 시 피질골 천공이 치주조직의 MMP-1,-8, -13 mRNA의 발현에 미치는 영향
곽춘,김성식,박수병,손우성,김용덕,전은숙,박미화 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.3
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether cortical punching stimulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, -8, and -13 in orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Methods: A total of 32 male sprague-dawley rats at 15 weeks old were divided into two groups of 16 rats each, to form the tooth movement with cortical punching (TMC) group and tooth movement only (TM) group. A total of 20 gm of orthodontic force was applied to rat incisors to cause experimental tooth movement. Cortical punching was performed on the palatal side near the central incisor with a 1.0 mm width microscrew in the TMC group. The duration of tooth movement was 1, 4, 7, and 14 days. Results: Measurements of the mRNA expression were selected as the means to determine the identification of expression of MMP-1, -8, and -13. In the TMC group, the expression of collagen type I was greater than that of the TM group from day 4 to day 14. Expression of TIMP-1 in the TM group was greater than that of the TMC group in the pressure side of PDL and alveolar bone cell at day 4. In the TMC group, TIMP-1 was expressed at the osteoclast, but not at the tooth surface of the TM group at day 14. Maximum induction of the mRNA of MMP-1 was observed on day 4 in the TMC group, but it was observed on day 7 in the TM group. MMP-8 mRNA of the TMC group was twice greater than that of the TM group at 4 days. In the TMC group, maximum induction of MMP-13 mRNA was observed on day 1. Conclusions: These findings suggested that cortical punching can stimulate remodeling of PDL and alveolar bone connective tissues during experimental orthodontic tooth movement in rats. 본 연구는 피질골 천공을 동반한 교정적인 치아이동이 통상의 교정적인 치아이동과 조직 재형성의 정도에 차이가 존재하는지 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물은 15주령 군 300 - 350 g의 자성 백서(Sprague-Dawley Rat)를 사용하였으며 피질골 천공을 동반한 치아이동 실험군(TMC group, n = 16)과 단순 치아이동 대조군(TM group, n =16)으로 나누었다. 모든 실험동물에 20 gm 이하의 힘으로 전치부를 이개시키는 치아 이동을 시행하였으며, 실험군은 상악전치부의 직후방 구개측에서 치근을 손상시키지 않도록 직경 1.0 mm의 microscrew를 사용하여 피질골 천공을하였다. 모든 실험동물은 1, 4, 7, 14일에 희생시켜서 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -8, -13 효소의 RT-PCR과 I형 교원질(Collagen type I)과 Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)의 면역조직화학염색(immunohistochemistry) 을 시행하였다. MMP-1은 실험군에서 4일째에 가장 활발한 발현을 보이다가 7일째와 14일째에 조금씩 감소하는 경향을 보인 반면에, 대조군에서는 실험 7일째에 가장 높은 발현을 보이다가 14일째 들어서 감소하는 양상을 보였다. MMP-8은 실험 1일째부터 실험군이 대조군에 비해서 더 많은 발현을 보였으며, 특히 4일째의 실험군에서는 대조군보다 두 배 이상 발현되었다. MMP-13은 실험 1일째의 실험군에서 가장 높은 발현도를 보였으며, 대조군에서는 오히려 미처치 대조군에 비해 더 낮게 발현되었다. I형 교원질의 면역조직화학염색 결과는 실험 4일째부터 압박측 에서는 실험군에서 대조군보다 더 많은 교원질의 소실을 보였고, 인장측에서는 대조군이 실험군보다 더 많은 교원질의 염색 소견을 보였다. TIMP-1은 실험 4일째에는 압박측에서 대조군이 실험군보다 치주인대와 치조골의 골세포에서 좀 더 균일한 염색 소견을 보였다. 이상의 실험 결과에서 피질골 천공은 백서의 실험적 치아이동에 있어 치주인대와 치조골 결합 조직의 재형성 속도를 증가시키는 것으로 판단된다.
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