Projections of summertime ozone concentration over East Asia under multiple IPCC SRES emission scenarios

Lee, Jae-Bum,Cha, Jun-Seok,Hong, Sung-Chul,Choi, Jin-Young,Myoung, Ji-Su,Park, Rokjin J.,Woo, Jung-Hun,Ho, Changhoi,Han, Jin-Seok,Song, Chang-Keun Elsevier 2015 Atmospheric environment Vol.106 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We have developed the Integrated Climate and Air Quality Modeling System (ICAMS) through the one-way nesting of global–regional models to examine the changes in the surface ozone concentrations over East Asia under future climate scenarios. Model simulations have been conducted for the present period of 1996–2005 to evaluate the performance of ICAMS. The simulated surface ozone concentrations reproduced the observed monthly mean concentrations at sites in East Asia with high R<SUP>2</SUP> values (0.4–0.9), indicating a successful simulation to capture both spatial and temporal variability. We then performed several model simulations with the six IPCC SRES scenarios (A2, A1B, A1FI, A1T, B1, and B2) for the next three periods, 2016–2025 (the 2020s), 2046–2055 (the 2050s), and 2091–2100 (the 2090s). The model results show that the projected changes of the annual daily mean maximum eight-hour (DM8H) surface ozone concentrations in summertime for East Asia are in the range of 2–8 ppb, −3 to 8 ppb, and −7 to 9 ppb for the 2020s, the 2050s, and the 2090s, respectively, and are primarily determined based on the emission changes of NO<SUB>x</SUB> and NMVOC. The maximum increases in the annual DM8H surface ozone and high-ozone events occur in the 2020s for all scenarios except for A2, implying that the air quality over East Asia is likely to get worse in the near future period (the 2020s) than in the far future periods (the 2050s and the 2090s). The changes in the future environment based on IPCC SRES scenarios would also influence the change in the occurrences of high-concentrations events more greatly than that of the annual DM8H surface ozone concentrations. Sensitivity simulations show that the emissions increase is the key factor in determining future regional surface ozone concentrations in the case of a developing country, China, whereas a developed country, Japan would be influenced more greatly by effects of the regional climate change than the increase in emissions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Change in ozone level is determined by the combination of NO<SUB>x</SUB> and NMVOC emissions. </LI> <LI> Ozone level over East Asia would get worse in the near future (the 2020s) than far future. </LI> <LI> A high-concentration event generally increases and more frequently occurs in the future. </LI> <LI> Change in ozone air quality in a developing country depends more on emissions change. </LI> <LI> Change in ozone air quality in a developed country depends more on climate change. </LI> </UL> </P>

Diagnostic Significance of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Microvascular Decompression of Patients with Hemifacial Spasm or Trigeminal Neuralgia

Park, Sang-Koo,Lim, Sung-Hyuk,Park, Chan-Woo,Park, Jin-Woo,Chang, Sung-Ho,Park, Keun-Hye,Park, Hae-Ja,Song, Ji-Hye,Uhm, Dong-Ok,Kim, Ki-Bong 대한임상검사과학회 2011 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.43 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyse brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) wave change data during microvascular decompression (MVD). The nerve function of Cranial Nerve VIII is at risk during MVD. Intraoperative monitoring of BAEP can be a useful tool to decrease the danger of hearing loss. Between January and December 2009, 242 patients had MVD for hemifacial spasm (HFS) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Among intraoperative BAEP changes, amplitude of V-V' was the most frequently observed during cerebellar retraction and decompression step of the MVD procedure. 138 patients (57%) had no BAEP change while 104 patients (42.98%) had BAEP change. 69 patients (28.5%) had Type A-I, 16 patients (6.6%) had Type A-II, 5 patients (2.1%) had Type B, and 13 patients (5.37%) had Type C. MVD is a surgical procedure to relieve the symptoms (e.g. pain, muscle twitching) caused by compression of a nerve by an artery or vein. During BAEP intraoperative monitoring, the surgical step is important in interpreting the changes of wave V. Several potential mechanisms of injury may affect the cochlear nerve, and complete loss of BAEP is often associated with postoperative hearing loss. Intraoperative BAEP monitoring may provide an early warning of hearing disturbance after MVD.

Diagnostic Significance of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Microvascular Decompression of Patients with Hemifacial Spasm or Trigeminal Neuralgia

( Sang-koo Park ),( Sung-hyuk Lim ),( Chan-woo Park ),( Jin-woo Park ),( Sung-ho Chang ),( Keun-hye Park ),( Hae-ja Park ),( Ji-hye Song ),( Dong-ok Uhm ),( Ki-bong Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2011 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.43 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyse brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) wave change data during microvascular decompression (MVD). The nerve function of Cranial Nerve VIII is at risk during MVD. Intraoperative monitoring of BAEP can be a useful tool to decrease the danger of hearing loss. Between January and December 2009, 242 patients had MVD for hemifacial spasm (HFS) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Among intraoperative BAEP changes, amplitude of V-V’ was the most frequently observed during cerebellar retraction and decompression step of the MVD procedure. 138 patients (57%) had no BAEP change while 104 patients (42.98%) had BAEP change. 69 patients (28.5%) had Type A-I, 16 patients (6.6%) had Type A-II, 5 patients (2.1%) had Type B, and 13 patients (5.37%) had Type C. MVD is a surgical procedure to relieve the symptoms (e.g. pain, muscle twitching) caused by compression of a nerve by an artery or vein. During BAEP intraoperative monitoring, the surgical step is important in interpreting the changes of wave V. Several potential mechanisms of injury may affect the cochlear nerve, and complete loss of BAEP is often associated with postoperative hearing loss. Intraoperative BAEP monitoring may provide an early warning of hearing disturbance after MVD.

가감청영탕(加減淸營湯)에 효과를 보인 열성 아토피 피부염 환자 6례 증례 보고

서지혜,정창환,박선정,임소영,한수련,Seo, Ji-Hye,Jung, Chang?Hwan,Park, Seon-Jeong,Lim, So-Young,Han, Su-Ryun 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2014 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Gagamchengyoung-tang($Ji\bar{a}ji\check{a}nq\bar{i}ngy\acute{i}ng-t\bar{a}ng$) for atopic dermatitis patients diagnosed as the febrile tendency. Method : This case study was done on 6 atopic patients with febrile tendency who have visited Korean Medicine Clinic from 2013.08.01. to 2014.04.30.. Gagamchengyoung-tang($Ji\bar{a}ji\check{a}nq\bar{i}ngy\acute{i}ng-t\bar{a}ng$) was prescribed to all 6 patients and evaluated the symptom change through photographs and questionnaire. Objective SCORAD Index(OSI) was used to evaluate the objective symptom and VAS was used to evaluate the subjective change. Results & Conclusion : The Objective SCORAD index and VAS were decreased in all patients. The average OSI reduction score was 26.3. Most symptoms of 6 patients were improved. Gagamchengyoung-tang ($Ji\bar{a}ji\check{a}nq\bar{i}ngy\acute{i}ng-t\bar{a}ng$) can be effective in patients who were diagnosed as febrile tendency.

소득계층요인에 따른 자연녹지와 도시공원의 접근성 분석

임유라(Lim Yu-Ra),추장민(Chu Jang-Min),신지영(Shin Ji-Young),배현주(Bae Hyun-Joo),박창석(Park Chang-Seok) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2009 國土計劃 Vol.44 No.4

Natural greenspace and urban parks provide places for people to experience nature and engage in physical activity. For these reasons, greenspace and urban parks can be an index of environmental benefits. An equity mapping analysis was used to evaluate the area and the accessibility to the greenspace and urban parks by socioeconomic status. This study analyzed the accessibility of greenspace and urban parks in Seongnam-si, according to their locations using a Geographic Information System (GIS). In Seongnam-si, we found patterns of inequity in the distribution of urban parks and greenspace. This inequity can cause environmental inequity due to the lack of opportunity to use the greenspace and urban parks. The study shows how a GIS-based buffer analysis in conjunction with statistical analysis of socioeconomic data can be used to analyse the equity of access to community greenspace and urban parks. The results can be used to inform the local planning process and the GIS approach can be expanded into other local authority domains.

Production and Characterization of Enzymes Involved in Chitin Catabolic Cascade from a Bacterial Strain Isolated from Soil

( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Jeong In Lee ),( So Yeon Park ),( Yoo Kyeong Jang ),( You Bin Lim ),( Hye Yoon Lee ),( Young Min Jung ),( Hae Chang Lee ),( Jong Hwa Lee ),( Shaheen Amna ),( Jae Kweon Park ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2019 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The present study was aimed to isolate the bacteria producing chitinolytic enzymes including chitin deacetylase (CDA) from soil origin. About 24 bacteria were screened for their chitinolytic enzymes producing ability on the basis of colloidal chitin. Amongst one of the most potent isolates designated to JI-02 was further selected as the most prominent chitinolytic and CDAlike enzyme (CDA-X) producer based on the ability of deacetylation of an artificial substrate pNP-acetamilide. The maximum production of CDA-X in crude enzyme from JI-02 was observed in the presence of 1% colloidal chitin at 37°C and pH 6.4 after 120 h of incubation. Potent enzyme activity of CDA-X was determined toward pNP-acetamilide, demonstrating that optimal pH, temperature and ionic strength of the CDA-X were assessed to be 7.0, 52°C and 125 mM, respectively. Unexpectedly, Nacetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was not fully converted by the action of CDA-X to glucosamine (GlcN) under the established conditions. Further study on enzyme activity toward chitin-oligosaccharides consisting of multi-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)n, n=2-5 may be necessary to elucidate the mode of action which requires the minimum size of (GlcNAc)n. However, our data suggest that CDA-X can convert chitin to chitosan with the maximum yield of approximately 0.08g/L during the fermentation of the strain in the presence of chitin. Furthermore, we found that crude enzyme showed the significant chitosanolytic activity. Taken together, our data suggest that the strain JI-02 may be a potential candidate as a particular strain for better understating of chitin catabolic pathway.

Interpenetration Control, Sorption Behavior, and Framework Flexibility in Zn(II) Metal–Organic Frameworks

Park, Ji Hye,Lee, Woo Ram,Kim, Yeonga,Lee, Hye Jin,Ryu, Dae Won,Phang, Won Ju,Hong, Chang Seop The American Chemical Society 2014 CRYSTAL GROWTH AND DESIGN Vol.14 No.2

<P>Three Zn(II) frameworks [Zn(H<SUB>2</SUB>L)(bdc)]·1.4DEF·0.6H<SUB>2</SUB>O (<B>1</B>; H<SUB>2</SUB>L = 1,4-di(1H-imidazol-4-yl)benzene, H<SUB>2</SUB>bdc = terephthalic acid), [Zn(H<SUB>2</SUB>L)(bdc)]·1.5DMF·1.2H<SUB>2</SUB>O (<B>2</B>), and [Zn(H<SUB>2</SUB>L)(L)<SUB>0.5</SUB>(bdc)<SUB>0.5</SUB>]·formamide·H<SUB>2</SUB>O (<B>3</B>) were prepared under the solvothermal conditions in DEF/H<SUB>2</SUB>O, DMF/H<SUB>2</SUB>O, and formamide/H<SUB>2</SUB>O solvent pairs, respectively. All compounds are commonly based on the adamantanoid three-dimensional networks that are mutually entangled to form a 3-fold (<B>1</B>) to 4-fold (<B>2</B>) to 5-fold interpenetrating <B>dia</B> structure (<B>3</B>). The solvent pairs used in the reactions are primarily responsible for the variation of such interpenetration degree. It is noted that the reaction time, temperature, and reactant ratio applied in the present system (<B>2</B>) did not lead to the interpenetration change. The activated sample (<B>1a</B>) shows the gas uptake of N<SUB>2</SUB>, H<SUB>2</SUB>, and CO<SUB>2</SUB>, characteristic of permanent porosity in the flexible framework, while the gases of N<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB> are not adsorbed on <B>2</B> and <B>3</B>. The porous compound (<B>1</B>) also exhibits the reversible inclusion and release of I<SUB>2</SUB> in MeOH. Interestingly, <B>2</B> reveals the reversible structural transformation during the activation–resolvation process where the solid can be activated through two routes (solvent exchange/desolvation and direct desolvation). However, there is no appreciable structural flexibility upon solvent exchange in <B>3</B> with 5-fold interpenetration, indicating that this framework is more robust, compared to <B>1</B> and <B>2</B> with lower interpenetration degrees.</P><P>Three Zn(II) frameworks were prepared, exhibiting 3- to 4- to 5-fold interpenetration upon solvent size variation from DEF to DMF to formamide, respectively. Gas and I<SUB>2</SUB> sorption takes place in the flexible 3-fold system. Solvent-exchange engenders the reversible structural transformation in the 4-fold system, while the framework is robust in the 5-fold system.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cgdefu/2014/cgdefu.2014.14.issue-2/cg401583v/production/images/medium/cg-2013-01583v_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cg401583v'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Treatment of alopecia areata with tofacitinib

( Ji Su Lee ),( Min-woo Kim ),( Hyun-sun Park ),( Jung Yoon Ohn ),( Hyun-sun Yoon ),( Chang-hun Huh ),( Ohsang Kwon ),( Soyun Cho ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2

Background: Treatment of alopecia areata (AA) is often empiric and not yet satisfactory. Recently, Janus kinase inhibitor showed promising results in Caucasians. Objectives: To investigate efficacy, tolerability, and hair growth trajey of oral tofacitinib monotherapy for Korean AA patients over extended period. Methods: This is a retrospective study of adult AA patients treated with tofacitinib monotherapy for least 4 months. Results: Thirty-six Korean patients with median initial SALT score of 98.9 were included; 91.7% had refractory AA. Twenty-nine (80.6%) patients demonstrated more than 5% SALT change. Twenty patients (55.6%) achieved 50% SALT change at median 7.5 months with 5 mg twice dosage. There were significant differences between SALT 50 achievers and non-achievers: duration of current episode (ρ = 0.009), duration of disease since first onset (ρ = 0.026) and age at onset of first episode (ρ = 0.011). Tofacitinib was well tolerated and there was no any serious adverse effect such as malignancy or tuberculosis reactivation. Conclusion: Oral tofacitinib monotherapy may be effective and tolerable in patients with AA. SALT 50 achievement was associated with followings: duration of current episode, duration of disease since first onset, and age at onset of first episode.

자동차 칵핏 모듈용 플라스틱 소재의 열화 동특성 평가

우창수(Chang Su Woo),박현성(Hyun Sung Park),조진호(Jin Ho Jo),김지훈(Ji Hoon Kim),최주호(Ju Ho Choi),김영국(Yeoung Kuk Kim) 대한기계학회 2012 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.36 No.12

플라스틱 소재는 온도, 습도 및 자외선 등 다양한 환경의 영향으로 인해 기계적 물성변화가 심하기 때문에 체결부의 견고함이 느슨해지고 형태의 변형에 의해 부품간의 마찰 등을 유발하여 잡음이 발생하게 된다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 자동차 칵핏 모듈에 사용되는 다양한 플라스틱 소재에 대해 온도변화에 따른 동 특성시험을 통해 유리전이온도, 저장탄성계수, 손실계수 등을 측정하여 상온 및 열화조건에 따른 물성변화를 파악하였다. 시험결과, 온도가 높을수록 저장탄성계수는 감소하고 손실계수는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. Engineering plastics are used in instrument panels, interior trim, and other vehicle applications, and the thermomechanical behaviors of plastic materials are strongly influenced by many environmental factors such as temperature, sunlight, and rain. As the material properties change, the mechanical parts create unexpected noise. In this study, the dynamic mechanical property changes of plastics used in automobiles are measured to investigate the temperature effects. Viscoelastic properties such as the glass transition temperature and storage modulus and loss factor under temperature and frequency sweeps were measured. The data were compared with the original ones before aging to analyze the behavior changes. It was found that as the temperature increased, the storage modulus decreased and the loss factor increased slightly.

자동차 칵핏 모듈용 플라스틱 소재의 열화 동특성 평가

우창수(Chang Su Woo),박현성(Hyun Sung Park),조진호(Jin Ho Jo),김지훈(Ji Hoon Kim),최주호(Ju Ho Choi),김영국(Yeoung Kuk Kim) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.5-2

플라스틱 소재는 온도, 습도 및 자외선 등 다양한 환경의 영향으로 인해 기계적 물성변화가 심하기 때문에 체결부의 견고함이 느슨해지고 형태의 변형에 의해 부품간의 마찰 등을 유발하여 잡음이 발생하게 된다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 자동차 칵핏 모듈에 사용되는 다양한 플라스틱 소재에 대해 온도변화에 따른 동 특성시험을 통해 유리전이온도, 저장탄성계수, 손실계수 등을 측정하여 상온 및 열화조건에 따른 물성변화를 파악하였다. 시험결과, 온도가 높을수록 저장탄성계수는 감소하고 손실계수는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. Engineering plastics are used in instrument panels, interior trim, and other vehicle applications, and the thermo-mechanical behaviors of plastic materials are strongly influenced by many environmental factors such as temperature, sun light, and rain. As the properties change, the mechanical parts creating unexpected noise. In this paper, the dynamic mechanical property changes of plastics for automobiles are measured to investigate the temperature effects. Visco-elastic properties such as the glass transition temperature and storage modulus and loss factor under temperature and frequency sweeps were measured. The data were compared with the original ones before the aging to analyze the behavior changes. As results, the temperature was increased, the storage modulus was decreased on the other hand, loss factor is slightly increases.