http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
성음(聲音)과 언어(言語)에 관(關)한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察)
정희재,오태환,정승기,이형구,Jeong, Hee-Jae,Oh, Tae-Hwan,Jung, Sung-Gi,Rhee, Hyung-Koo 대한한방내과학회 1991 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.12 No.1
The results of the investigation of literature were summerized as follows ; 1. Information of voice, the pharynx, the larynx, the epiglottis, the uvula and the hyoid bone were concerned. 2. In disorders of voice and speech, Lung channel, Stomach channel, Spleen channel, Heart channel, Liver channel, Kidney channel, Im channel (任脈), and Chung channel (衝脈) were concerned. 3. The disorders of voice and speech were showed as follows ; aphonia, ashasia, seong-shi (?嘶), seom-eo(?語) kwang-eo (狂語), jeong-seong (鄭?), dok-eo (獨語) and chak-eo (錯語). 4. The cause of Aphonia and Aphasia were freauently as follows ; abnormal rising of Liver energy (肝邪暴逆), excessive heart fire (心火太過), deficiency of heart-blood (心血太虛), apoplexy of heart spleen (心脾俱中風), consumption of lung fluid caused by heat evil (肺津被灼), deficiency of lung energy (肺氣虛寒) and dificiency of kidney energy (腎虛). 5. The cause of seom-eo, kwang-eo, Jeong-seong were as follows ; the heart of stomach (胃中熱), the heat evil attach the blood chamber (血人血室) and the consumption of healthy energy (精氣奪). 6. In disorders of voice and speech, flaceid tong with aphasia (舌?) and aphasia due to throat disease (喉?) were divided.
Park, Jinbong,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Kim, Hye-Lin,Lim, Hara,Jung, Yunu,Youn, Dong-Hyun,Jeong, Mi-Young,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Kim, Su-Jin,Hong, Seung-Heon,Um, Jae-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-
<P>Obesity has become a major health threat in developed countries. However, current medications for obesity are limited because of their adverse effects. Interest in natural products for the treatment of obesity is thus rapidly growing. Korean Medicine (KM) is characterized by the wide use of herbal formulas. However, the combination rule of herbal formulas in KM lacks experimental evidence. According to <I>Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica</I>, the earliest book of herbal medicine, <I>Veratrum nigrum</I> (VN) has antagonistic features against <I>Panax ginseng</I> (PG), and the PG-VN pair is strictly forbidden. In this study, we have shown the effects of PG, VN, and their combination on obesity in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 cells. PG, VN, and PG-VN combination significantly reduced weight gain and the fat pad weight in HF diet-induced obese mice. They also significantly decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of two major adipogenesis factors, PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I>, in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, the PG-VN combination had synergistic effects compared with the mixture of extracts of PG and VN on inhibition of PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I> expressions at lower doses. These results indicate a new potential anti-obese pharmacotherapy and also provide scientific evidence supporting the usage of herbal combinations instead of mixtures in KM.</P>
Jung, Yong,Seo, Hwa-Jeong,Park, Yu-Rang,Kim, Ji-Hun,Bien, Sang Jay,Kim, Ju-Han Korea Genome Organization 2011 Genomics & informatics Vol.9 No.1
Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) has kept the largest amount of gene-expression microarray data that have grown exponentially. Microarray data in GEO have been generated in many different formats and often lack standardized annotation and documentation. It is hard to know if preprocessing has been applied to a dataset or not and in what way. Standard-based integration of heterogeneous data formats and metadata is necessary for comprehensive data query, analysis and mining. We attempted to integrate the heterogeneous microarray data in GEO based on Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment (MIAME) standard. We unified the data fields of GEO Data table and mapped the attributes of GEO metadata into MIAME elements. We also discriminated non-preprocessed raw datasets from others and processed ones by using a two-step classification method. Most of the procedures were developed as semi-automated algorithms with some degree of text mining techniques. We localized 2,967 Platforms, 4,867 Series and 103,590 Samples with covering 279 organisms, integrated them into a standard-based relational schema and developed a comprehensive query interface to extract. Our tool, GEOQuest is available at http://www.snubi.org/software/GEOQuest/.
Sung-Kwi Kang,Nam-Yong Park,Kenji Ochiai,Mun-Il Kang,Ho-Sung Cho,Chang-Baig Hyun,Sang-Ki Kim,Su-Jin Park,You-Jung Kim,Jae-Ho Jeong,Kyoung-Oh Cho 한국실험동물학회 2005 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.21 No.2
Paraffin-embedded tissue sections of surgically removed skin tumor from an eight-year-old male Shih-Tzu dog were analyzed for proliferation state using immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and for DNA ploidy using flow cytometry. Histologically, tumor was diagnosed as well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The percentage of PCNA-positive cells, which distributed through tumor lesions, was 61.4%. In addition, PCNA-positive cells in the cancer pearls were detected only at the periphery of the neoplastic epithelial structures. The ploidy of this tumor detecting by DNA flow cytometry was clearly aneuploid. From these results, the proliferation state of this tumor determined by PCNA-immunostaining and DNA ploidy revealed malignant, even this tumor was diagnosed as well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.
Temporal Transcriptome Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Infected Lung and Spleen in Human ACE2-Transgenic Mice
Jung Ah Kim,Sung-Hee Kim,Jung Seon Seo,노현아,Haengdueng Jeong,Jiseon Kim,Donghun Jeon,Jeong Jin Kim,Dain On,윤서연,Sang Gyu Lee,이윤우,Hui Jeong Jang,박인호,Jooyeon Oh,Sang-Hyuk Seok,Yu Jin Lee,홍승민,안세희,Joon-Yong 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.12
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and potentially fatal virus. So far, most comprehensive analyses encompassing clinical and transcriptional manifestation have concentrated on the lungs. Here, we confirmed evident signs of viral infection in the lungs and spleen of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice, which replicate the phenotype and infection symptoms in hospitalized humans. Seven days post viral detection in organs, infected mice showed decreased vital signs, leading to death. Bronchopneumonia due to infiltration of leukocytes in the lungs and reduction in the spleen lymphocyte region were observed. Transcriptome profiling implicated the meticulous regulation of distress and recovery from cytokine-mediated immunity by distinct immune cell types in a time-dependent manner. In lungs, the chemokine-driven response to viral invasion was highly elevated at 2 days post infection (dpi). In late infection, diseased lungs, post the innate immune process, showed recovery signs. The spleen established an even more immediate line of defense than the lungs, and the cytokine expression profile dropped at 7 dpi. At 5 dpi, spleen samples diverged into two distinct groups with different transcriptome profile and pathophysiology. Inhibition of consecutive host cell viral entry and massive immunoglobulin production and proteolysis inhibition seemed that one group endeavored to survive, while the other group struggled with developmental regeneration against consistent viral intrusion through the replication cycle. Our results may contribute to improved understanding of the longitudinal response to viral infection and development of potential therapeutics for hospitalized patients affected by SARS-CoV-2.
Jung, Yu Ri,Lee, Eun Kyeong,Kim, Dae Hyun,Park, Chan Hum,Park, Min Hi,Jeong, Hyoung Oh,Yokozawa, Takako,Tanaka, Takashi,Im, Dong Soon,Kim, Nam Deuk,Yu, Byung Pal,Mo, Sang Hyun,Chung, Hae Young American Chemical Society and American Society of 2015 Journal of natural products Vol.78 No.8
<P>This study investigated the agonistic activity of magnesium lithospermate B (<B>1</B>), isolated from <I>Salvia miltiorrhiza</I>, on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARβ/δ) and the expressions of collagen genes (COL1A1 and COL3A1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in models of skin aging. The action of compound <B>1</B> as a PPARβ/δ agonist was determined by reporter gene assay, immunostaining, and Western blotting. To determine the antiaging effects of compound <B>1</B> on skin, aged Sprague–Dawley rat skin and ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated human skin fibroblasts were used. The results show that <B>1</B> presented a marked enhancement of both nuclear protein levels and activity of PPARβ/δ in fibroblasts. In addition, <B>1</B> prevented downregulation of PPARβ/δ activity in aged rat skin and UVB-induced fibroblasts. Furthermore, <B>1</B> increased the expressions of COL1A1, COL3A1, and TGF-β1 <I>in vivo</I> and in a cell culture system. Therefore, the present study shows that compound <B>1</B> prevents collagen degradation in aged rat skin and UVB-exposed fibroblasts through PPARβ/δ activation. The therapeutic and cosmetic applications of compound <B>1</B> need further investigation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jnprdf/2015/jnprdf.2015.78.issue-8/acs.jnatprod.5b00348/production/images/medium/np-2015-00348k_0005.gif'></P>
Thirteen-Week Repeated-Dose Oral Toxicity of Licorice Root in F344 Rats
Sang-Bum Koh,Jae-Hwang Jeong,Mu-Yeb Seo,Jun-Yeon Lee,Dong-Seok Seo,Hak-Soo Bark,Myung-Hwa Kang,Dae-Yong Kim,Ha-Jung Sung 한국실험동물학회 2006 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.22 No.1
The purpose of this study is to investigate a potential toxicity of licorice root (LR) in Fisher 344 rats through the 13-week repeated oral treatment. Healthy Fisher 344 rats were divided into five treatment groups (2,000, 571, 163, 47, and 13 ㎎/㎏) and one control group (vehicle) of 12 males and 12 females respectively. LR was orally administered by gavage to F344 rats once a day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks. During the test period, clinical signs, mortality, body weights, necropsy findings, hematology, serum biochemistry, organ weight, histopathology, sperm count and sperm motility were evaluated. The relative liver weights were increased significantly in males of the 2,000 and 571 ㎎/㎏ groups. However, there was no histological evidence in the liver. The increased incidence of chronic nephropathy only appeared in the 2,000 ㎎/㎏ group of both male and female rats. There were no treatment-related effects on clinical signs, mortality, body weights, necropsy findings, hematology, serum biochemistry and sperm count and motility in any treatment groups. Based on these results, no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of LR was 571 ㎎/㎏ in F344 rats under the conditions of the present study.
Neuron-specific enolase as a novel biomarker reflecting tuberculosis activity and treatment response
( Sung Jin Nam ),( Jee Yeong Jeong ),( Tae Won Jang ),( Mann Hong Jung ),( Bong Kwon Chun ),( Hee Jae Cha ),( Chul Ho Oak ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.4
Background/Aims: It is not clear which tests are indicative of the activity and severity of tuberculosis (TB). This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and to determine the origin of NSE in TB patients. Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on newly diagnosed TB patients between January and December 2010. Patients were categorized into one of two disease groups (focal segmental or extensive) based on chest X-ray. Pre- and post-treatment NSE concentrations were evaluated. To determine the origin of serum NSE concentration, NSE staining was compared with macrophage- specific CD68 staining in lung tissues and with a tissue microarray using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results: A total of 60 newly diagnosed TB patients were analyzed. In TB patients, NSE serum concentration was significantly increased and NSE level decreased after treatment (p < 0.001). In proportion to serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration, the mean serum concentration of NSE in the extensive group 25.12 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that in the focal segmental group 20.23 ng/mL, p = 0.04). Immunohistochemical staining revealed a large number of macrophages that stained positively for both NSE and CD68 in TB tissues. In addition, NSE signals mostly co-localized with CD68 signals in the tissue microarray of TB patients. Conclusions: Our results suggest that NSE may be a practical parameter that can be used to monitor TB activity and treatment response. Elevated serum NSE level originates, at least in part, from macrophages in granulomatous lesions.
( Jeong Ki Kim ),( Jeong Hyun Nam ),( Kwang Soo Lyoo ),( Hyoungjoon Moon ),( Woonsung Na ),( Eun Jung Song ),( Minjoo Yeom ),( Sang Mu Shim ),( Dae Gwin Jeong ),( Dong Jun An ),( Bo Kyu Kang ),( Daesu 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.6
H3N2 canine influenza virus emerged in South Korea in 2007 and subsequently spread to China and Thailand, causing epidemic or endemic respiratory diseases in dogs. Through intermammalian species transmission, the virus has also infected cats. However, no direct evidence of significant genetic evolution has been reported since its first emergence. Here, we describe in depth the genetic and molecular characteristics of the ancestral strain (i.e., the first virus isolate from South Korea) of the H3N2 canine influenza virus currently circulating in East Asia.
Jeong Heo,Yoon Jun Kim,Sung Wook Lee,Youn-Jae Lee,Ki Tae Yoon,Kwan Soo Byun,Yong Jin Jung,Won Young Tak,Sook-Hyang Jeong,Kyung Min Kwon,Vithika Suri,Peiwen Wu,Byoung Kuk Jang,Byung Seok Lee,Ju-Yeon Ch 대한내과학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.38 No.4
Background/Aims: Despite the availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Korea, need remains for pangenotypic regimens that can be used in the presence of hepatic impairment, comorbidities, or prior treatment failure. We investigated the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir–velpatasvir and sofosbuvir–velpatasvir–voxilaprevir for 12 weeks in HCV-infected Korean adults. Methods: This Phase 3b, multicenter, open-label study included 2 cohorts. In Cohort 1, participants with HCV genotype 1 or 2 and who were treatment-naive or treatment-experienced with interferon-based treatments, received sofosbuvir–velpatasvir 400/100 mg/day. In Cohort 2, HCV genotype 1 infected individuals who previously received an NS5A inhibitor-containing regimen ≥ 4 weeks received sofosbuvir–velpatasvir–voxilaprevir 400/100/100 mg/day. Decompensated cirrhosis was an exclusion criterion. The primary endpoint was SVR12, defined as HCV RNA < 15 IU/mL 12 weeks following treatment. Results: Of 53 participants receiving sofosbuvir–velpatasvir, 52 (98.1%) achieved SVR12. The single participant who did not achieve SVR12 experienced an asymptomatic Grade 3 ASL/ALT elevation on day 15 and discontinued treatment. The event resolved without intervention. All 33 participants (100%) treated with sofosbuvir–velpatasvir–voxilaprevir achieved SVR 12. Overall, sofosbuvir–velpatasvir and sofosbuvir–velpatasvir–voxilaprevir were safe and well tolerated. Three participants (5.6%) in Cohort 1 and 1 participant (3.0%) in Cohort 2 had serious adverse events, but none were considered treatment-related. No deaths or grade 4 laboratory abnormalities were reported. Conclusions: Treatment with sofosbuvir–velpatasvir or sofosbuvir–velpatasvir–voxilaprevir was safe and resulted in high SVR12 rates in Korean HCV patients.