간세포암의 고주파 열치료 후 천자침 경로를 통한 전이 1례

조영완,박석주,진한영,김준영,이재익,강명주,박정하,윤정희,박성재,지삼룡,이연재,이상혁,설상영 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Radiofrequency ablation(RFA), as a form of minimally invasive therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, has become an important treatment modality. Because of limitation of surgery, RFA has become standard therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in some situations. But there are some complications of RFA such as bleeding, infection, hematoma, adjacent organ thermal damage including intestinal perforation, needle track seeding, and so on. There are few reports in the literature that systematically evaluate the incidence of needle tract seeding and its associated risk factors. And only 2 cases of needle tract seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after RFA were reported in Korea. We report a case of needle tract seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after RFA.

청소년의 여가활동 실태 및 만족도 분석

박용범,이재형,조병만 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of the various Education policies which can improve the problems after understanding the actual situation of the leisure activities of the middle school students, surveying and diagnosing the consciousness about the leisure activities, and analyzing problems. As for the subjects of tills study, the middle students who are currently enrolled in Y middle school in Suwon, Kyung-ki-do was selected as the population, and then totally 450 students were selected as the samples after the random sampling, The research subjects were totally 434 students who answered the survey among those 450 students. The survey papers which contain the ailing or unfaithful answers and contents among the total 434 students were excluded from this study. Therefore, the actual subject people who were applied to this study were totally 420 students. The sexual composition of the subject people are 24 male students(57.6%) and 178 female students(42.4%), and the male students have the a little higher rate than the female students. For the analysis of the data, in this study the frequencies analysis, cross analysis, independent t test, and one-way ANOVA were used as the useful statistical technique, the scheffe method was executed. At this time, the meaningful standard was analyzed after setting up as α=0.5. Through the above mentioned research method and course and based upon the produced research result, the following conclusion was induced. Firstly, the result of the analysis about the time of the leisure activities of the young people showed that the 120 students(28.6%) answered average under 2 or 3 hours to the question that how long leisure time per day you have, and this is the most frequent answers, and 105 students(25%) answered under 1 or 2 hours, Thus, the leisure time of the middle school students was surveyed as average under 2 or 3 hours per day and this was over 53.6%, and it was demonstrated that the students and young people were not active and emotional, and also enjoying the inactive and monotonous leisure activities because of the burden due to the time caused by the excessive studies and preparation for the entrance examination. Secondly, when seen through the analysis result of the actual condition of the leisure activities of the young people, it was known that there is the trend that the leisure activities of the young people are made up of the individual(houses of relatives, private educational institution), and merrymaking(cafe, billiard hall, bowling hall, karaoke room, and video-watching room) events. Thirdly, in case of the place for the leisure activities, it was shown that the female students enjoyed 'Library, municipal cultural center', 'cafe', 'karaoke, video-watching room', 'window shopping, street sightseeing', 'bookshop', 'cultural enjoyment', and 'private educational institution' rather than the male students did, and there was the meaningful difference statistically(P<.05). In the other hand, the male students enjoyed 'athletic facility', 'billiard hall, bowling hall', 'juvenile group', 'amusement facility, cartoon room, PC room' rather than the female students, and there was the meaningful difference statistically(P<.05). According to each the grade, in case of the 1st grade showed that they stayed 97 minutes in the karaoke and video watching room, and 94 minutes in the window shopping and street sightseeing, and 106 minutes in the amusement facility, and 21 minutes in the bookshop, and in case of 2nd grade, they were shown that they stayed 64 minutes in the reading room, and 35 minutes in the billiard room and bowling room, and lastly in case of 3rd grade, they were shown that they stayed 51 minutes in the instant food store and 247 minutes in the private educational institution. In case of the contact time with the mass media, there was no difference in the activities such as 'printing media such as the news papers and magazines', 'watching TV, but there was the meaningful difference according to the sexual distinction in the time for 'listening the radio', and 'using computer' statistically(p<.05). When concretely examined, the female student had average 34 minutes for listening the radio, and this is over 13 minutes than the male students whereas the male students spent 129 minutes in 'computer', and this is 37 minutes more than that of the female.

Nanogenerators: Fully Rollable Transparent Nanogenerators Based on Graphene Electrodes (Adv. Mater. 19/2010)

Choi, Dukhyun,Choi, Min-Yeol,Choi, Won Mook,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Park, Hyun-Kyu,Seo, Ju-Seok,Park, Jongbong,Yoon, Seon-Mi,Chae, Seung Jin,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.22 No.19

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The cover shows an image of fully rollable transparent nanogenerators synthesized using chemical vapor deposition grown large-scale graphene sheets as transparent electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO nanorod arrays. Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, and co-workers report on p. 2187 the electrical and structural stability of the nanogenerators, with excellent charge scavenging performance under external mechanical loads such as bending and rolling. This study shows that graphene-based nanogenerators are very promising for self-powered rollable transparent device applications. <img src='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content'> </P>

Electrically conductive graphene/polyacrylamide hydrogels produced by mild chemical reduction for enhanced myoblast growth and differentiation

Jo, Hyerim,Sim, Myeongbu,Kim, Semin,Yang, Sumi,Yoo, Youngjae,Park, Jin-Ho,Yoon, Tae Ho,Kim, Min-Gon,Lee, Jae Young Elsevier 2017 Acta Biomaterialia: structure-property-function re Vol.48 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Graphene and graphene derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO), have been extensively employed as novel components of biomaterials because of their unique electrical and mechanical properties. These materials have also been used to fabricate electrically conductive biomaterials that can effectively deliver electrical signals to biological systems. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to electrically conductive hydrogels that have both electrical activity and a tissue-like softness. In this study, we synthesized conductive graphene hydrogels by mild chemical reduction of graphene oxide/polyacrylamide (GO/PAAm) composite hydrogels to obtain conductive hydrogels. The reduced hydrogel, r(GO/PAAm), exhibited muscle tissue-like stiffness with a Young’s modulus of approximately 50kPa. The electrochemical impedance of r(GO/PAAm) could be decreased by more than ten times compared to that of PAAm and unreduced GO/PAAm. <I>In vitro</I> studies with C2C12 myoblasts revealed that r(GO/PAAm) significantly enhanced proliferation and myogenic differentiation compared with unreduced GO/PAAm and PAAm. Moreover, electrical stimulation of myoblasts growing on r(GO/PAAm) graphene hydrogels for 7days significantly enhanced the myogenic gene expression compared to unstimulated controls. As results, our graphene-based conductive and soft hydrogels will be useful as skeletal muscle tissue scaffolds and can serve as a multifunctional platform that can simultaneously deliver electrical and mechanical cues to biological systems.</P> <P><B>Statement of Significance</B></P> <P>Graphene-based conductive hydrogels presenting electrical conductance and a soft tissue-like modulus were successfully fabricated via mild reduction of graphene oxide/polyacrylamide composite hydrogels to study their potential to skeletal tissue scaffold applications. Significantly promoted myoblast proliferation and differentiation were obtained on our hydrogels. Additionally, electrical stimulation of myoblasts via the graphene hydrogels could further upregulate myogenic gene expressions. Our graphene-incorporated conductive hydrogels will impact on the development of new materials for skeletal muscle tissue engineering scaffolds and bioelectronics devices, and also serve as novel platforms to study cellular interactions with electrical and mechanical signals.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

금 합금 보철물의 교합면 삭제로 인한 임플란트-골 계면으로의 열전달에 관한 연구

조재영,강선녀,정창모,윤미정,허중보,전영찬 대한치과보철학회 2012 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.50 No.1

연구 목적: 임플란트-골 계면에서 발생하는 과도한 열은 골유착을 저해하여 임플란트의 실패를 유발한다. 이에 이번 연구에서는 임플란트 금 합금 보철물의 교합면 삭제시 임플란트-골 계면으로의 열전달 양상과 냉각 방식의 효율성을 알아 보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 온도 감지 장치 제작을 위하여 Internal cone 연결형태의 임플란트에 16개의K형 열전대를 부착하여 아크릴릭 레진에 포매하였다. 치과용 금 합금과 주조용 abutment를 사용하여 교합면에 3개의 요철을 가지는 시편을 10개 제작하였고, 연결 나사를 이용하여 임플란트와 연결한 뒤 온도 감지 장치를 37℃로 유지되는 수조에 위치시켰다. 저속 핸드피스와 green stone bur를 이용하여 30초 동안 보철물의 요철을 삭제하였는데, 무냉각군, 공기 냉각 군, 물 분사 냉각 군으로 나누어 요철을 삭제하였다. 보철물이 삭제 되는 동안 임플란트의 부위별로 온도가 0.05초 간격으로 기록되었고, 삭제를 멈춘 뒤에도 무 냉각 군의 경우 임계 온도인 47℃ 이하로 온도가 하강할 때까지, 공기 냉각군과 물 분사 냉각군의 경우 삭제 중단 후 30초 동안 추가로 온도를 기록하였다. 냉각 방식에 따른 임플란트-골 계면의 온도를 알아보고, 임플란트의 부위별 온도변화의 유의차를 알아보기 위하여 one-way ANOVA를 실시하였고, Turkey HSD 이용하여 95% 유의수준에서 사후 검증하였다. 결과: 무 냉각 군은 임플란트-골 계면의 온도가 47℃ 이상으로 상승하였으며, 임플란트의 경부에서 유의하게 높은 열이 측정되었다(P>.05). 공기냉각군과 물분사 냉각군은 임플란트-골 계면의 온도가 47℃ 이하로 유지되었다. 무 냉각 군에서 임플란트 경부의 온도가 47℃에 도달되는 데는 약 10.8 ± 1.5초가 소요되었다. 공기 냉각 군과 물 분사 냉각 군 사이에서는 임플란트-골 계면 온도의 유의차가 없었다(P>.05) 결론: 이상의 결과로부터 임플란트 금 합금 보철물의 교합면 삭제 시, 임플란트 주위 조직에 위해를 가할 수 있는 임계 온도 이상의 열이 발생했음을 알 수 있었으며, 냉각방식은 공기 냉각과 물 분사 냉각 모두 효과적이라고 생각된다. PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to analyze temperature change along the implant-bone interface induced by grinding the occlusal surface of implant gold prosthesis and to compare the temperature generated by grinding of prosthesis with different cooling methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The experimental gold prostheses were fabricated with dental gold alloy and castable abutment. The prostheses had 3 cylindrical protrusions on the occlusal surface with 1mm in height. Temperature was measured using 16 thermocouple wires attached to the implant fixture surface and the fixture was embedded in an acrylic resin block inside the 37℃ water bath. Cylinders were grinded for a period of 30 second with a low-speed handpiece with green stone point. One cylindrical protrusion was grinded without cooling, the second one was grinded with air blow, and the third one was grinded with water-spray. RESULTS. The mean maximum temperature was measured more than 47℃ of the implant and the maximum temperature was measured at the cervical portion of the implant in the group without cooling. There was statistically significant difference between the group without cooling and the groups with cooling (P<.05). However, there was no significant difference at all portion of implant in the groups with cooling (P>.05). CONCLUSION. The results of this study support that the grinding of implant gold prosthesis without cooling may damage the peri-implant tissue. The continuous use of air blow and water-spray adjacent to prosthesis during the grinding of implant gold prosthesis may prove to be beneficial for cooling of the implant.

무산소성 운동이 혈청 지질 농도 및 면역세포 반응에 미치는 영향

조영주,변재철,홍석민 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study was to determine serum lipids and immune responses on the anaerobic exercise. Serum total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and plasma triglyceride, percentages of WBC and their subsets, natural killer cells were evaluated between before and after the anaerobic power. All subjects were high trained male athletes (19-24 years of age). Results were expressed as mean and standard deviations. One-way ANOVA repeated measure was used to compare the all parameters between before and after the anaerobic power test. All significant differences were set at α=.05. In this study, comparison of anaerobic power(Nm/%BW) was higher in soccer players than ssirum and judo players (p<.05). The percentage of WBC, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil were no significant differences between before and after anaerobic exercise. There were increased on neutrophil, lymphocyte after anaerobic exercise in three groups. (p<.01, p<.001, respectively). Also, there were significant differences on T cell, B cell, NK cell between before and after anaerobic exercise (p<.001).

보육교사와 아동의 상호작용에 대한 질적 분석

조순영,임재택 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 1997 영유아보육연구 Vol.3 No.-

AbstractThe Purposes of this study were to explore the sresent nursing methods and the change in quality of nurture. So, this paper discusses comparative survey and the meaning of the activities of the teachers in the general private child care center, the national child care center and the community care center.The subjects of this study were the general private child care center, the national child care center, the community child center, and a teacher in each child care center and the related people. The method of this study was ethnomethodological approach. It took forty-six days to investigate the study.The results of this study were,1) G-child care center which is the general private with 30∼40 children aim at the profit-making. N-child care center, national child care center with 200 children, runs with the effective program and secure facilities. C-child care, the community child care center with 30 children, teaches at the base of the self control and integrated education. 2) The activities of teacher in G-child care center aim at the effective management. Interactivities between the teachers and children are based on the uniformity of nursering method. The activities of teachers and children are based on the order and manners. Interactivities between teachers and children are based on the teacher's authority. The activities of teacher in C-child care center are based on the self control of children.The analysis of this study suggests further problems. Those are, in daily works of child care center, to remove the division of time and space, and to remove the division of relationship. And in the field of child care center and teacher education, a group discussion is needed in order to suggest and discuss the concrete, daily conflicts about the educational method.

Interest Conflicts and Two-Level Games in Korean Democratic Consolidation : The Case of the Division of the Roles of Doctors and Pharmacists

Jo,Young-Jae 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2001 亞細亞硏究 Vol.44 No.1

Engineering Art 기반 작곡 및 동영상 편집

조재영,김윤호 목원대학교 멀티미디어신기술연구소 2002 멀티미디어신기술연구소논문집 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구에서는 S/W 기반 음악작곡법과 작곡된 음악을 기반으로 한 동영상 편집기술에 대해 기술하였다. 이번 컨텐츠의 결과물은 미디로 작곡된 음악에 동영상관련 S/W를 활용한 동영상을 조합한 것으로, 누구나가 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 컴퓨터음악 작곡과 영상편집에 대한 배양이 주제이자 목표이다. In this paper, the scheme of music composition which is based on s/w system, and the skill of moving image edit is presented. The result of this contents informs the mixture of a composed music by the Midi program and a moving image for using by the s/w system, also guides many students that the computer music composition and image edit is not a difficult sphere. Experimental results showed that more effective approach than traditional method for music composition and image edit.

자발성 뇌교출혈 환자의 예후에 관한 임상 분석

조재영,석종식,민병국,권정택,최덕영,황성남,김영백,박승원 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2002 中央醫大誌 Vol.27 No.1

Patients with spontaneous pontine hemorrhage very often develop setvere disturbances of consciousness,pupilary abnormalities, respiratory and motor. They have high mortality rate. Therefore, I analyzed the correlation between the Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)and clincial manifestations or computed tomographic(CT)findings in 48 patients with spontaneous pontine hemorrhage to clarify factors predicting the prognosis. I examined 48 Patients with spontaneous pontine hemorrhage; 33 males and 15 females, age 54.6±8.99(mean±S.D.;range 39 to 68)brought to our hospital between January 1995 and December 1999, retrospectively. Correlations between the clinical manifestations, CT findings and the GOS was assessed with multivariate regression analysis. The results were as follow: 1) Patients with the pontine hemorrhage were of 8.8% in those with intracerebral hemorrhage. The ratio of male and female was 33 to 15. The incidence of age is eqial to 40,50 and 60. Total mortality was 41.6%. 2) The poor prognostic factor were that; Glasgow coma scale(GCS)3∼8, irregular respiration. pupilary abnormality, quadriplegia, Brain CT typeⅠ(massive), hydrocephalus, extrapontine extension, Intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH). These clinical analysis should be useful in determining the level of care and future resuscitative efforts.