고대 메소포타미아 신화와 구약성서 비교 연구

소형근 남서울대학교 2011 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this article is to study the difference between the old mesopotamia myths and the prehistory in the Old Testament. There are creation stories, flood stories, babel(ziggurat) stories etc. in the mesopotamia myths and the Old Testament, but between them the similarities and differences. The authors of the Old Testament shared the materials of the ancient near east, and with them they wrote the prehistory in Genesis(ch 1-11) according to their intention with the inspiration of God. The sharing the motives with the ancient people is not a literary piracy. Readers of the Old Testament was curious to know how the earth was created, why mankind was made, what the cause and effect of the flood was, why various languages happened etc. These themes were also found in the old Egyptian, old Greek, old Phoenician texts. Therefore to keep a good posture for the reading of the old documents is to find whether the histories and myths of a nation were written in some way and with some characters. Key Words : Sumer, Creation, Babel, Ziggurat, flood

히브리어 창조 동사들에 대한 연구

소형근 남서울대학교 2010 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.1-2

The hebrew creation verbs are often used with regard to the act of creation of God in the Old Testament, e.g. 'bara', 'asah', 'yatzar', 'nata', 'yasad', 'raqa', 'banah', 'kawan'. This words are described with the theologization by the authors of the Old Testament. The verb 'bara' which uses only God as the subject in the Old Testament describes not only the past creation, but also the future creation. The Old Testament makes use of the verb ʿasah' in the whole sphere in relation to the creation of God. The verb 'yatzar' is on the whole used with the man creation, as God is a potter. 'nata' describes God as the one who plant a tree in connection to the creation, and the Old Testament introduces God to be a gardener and an architect through 'yasad'. The verb 'raqa' is often used as an artisan who spreads out the earth and the heaven in the creation of God, and God promises that the Judean in exilic is going to come back to Jerusalem and build the new Jerusalem through 'banah'. The verb 'kawan' means 'establish' with regard to the creation of God. In Deutero-Isaiah these hebrew creation verbs are used freely and abundantly by the accepting the past creation tradition, and the author of the Deutero-Isaiah made the theologization with the theme of the salvation.

한·중 어업협정에 대한 대응방안

김형근 木浦海洋大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.7 No.1

With the effectuation of the convention of the sea laws of U.N., Korea China are in the hot negotitations for the security of their sea territory. Especially Korea and China are in the fishery negotiations, like this fishery negotiation has an important effects to the fishery industries of the both countries. Accordingly the both countries attend the fishery negotiation with the systematic theories and accurate materials. Therefore, in this study the writer indicate several issues against the fishery agrement which is in process between two countries at present, and would like to present several countermeasures.

래디시의 뿌리 조직 바이오센서에 의한 과산화수소의 정량에 관한 연구

金亨根,權孝植 충북대학교 과학교육연구소 2002 과학교육연구논총 Vol.18 No.2

The response characteristics of the new biosensor developed by the co-immobilization of radish root tissue and ferrocene in a carbon paste matrix for the amperometric determination of hydrogen peroxide were evaluated. In the range of electrode potential examined (-0.4~0.00V vs. Ag/AgCl), the length of the response was relatively short (t95%=12sec) and it responded in the wide range of pH and its biocatalytic stability was superior. Also, it's detection limit was 2.5×10-5M (S/N=3) and it had relatively good selectivity to the materials considered to disturb the response. The results of this study using radish root tissue can be utilized as the basic information for the determination of hydrogen peroxide.

유한 요소법의 자동요소생성 프로그램에 관한 연구

박효근,김형석 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2001 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.7 No.1

If the geometry of the problem is not one of the simplest, it is very difficult and time comsuming to subdivide the domain into a huge number of triangles by hand-made in order to apply Finite Element Method to analysis model. This paper presents a two dimensional automatic mesh generation which can be easily applicable to electromagnetic problem of complex shape for the finite element method. We implemented an automatic mesh generator using Delaunay triangulation in the windows environments.

Visible Human Data의 3차원 가시화에 대한 연구

최형근,김동현,탁계래,신현준 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2000 건국의과학학술지 Vol.10 No.-

Visualization is the process of exploring, transforming and viewing data as images to gain understanding and insight into the data. Visualization in medicine is helpful in understanding human anatomy by presenting the information in a form that is not only pleasing but also easily recognizable as well as in gaining functional attributes of medical systems, such as biomechanical and physiological properties. Medical applications include accurate anatomy and function mapping, enhanced diagnosis. accurate treatment planning and rehearsal, and education/training. The Visible Human data set of the National Library of Medicine, the most complete anatomically detailed. computerized database of the human body ever assembled, has been used for these purposes. In this study, we have visualized the Visible Human Data set with VTK(Visualization ToolKit, Kitware Inc.), IAP(Image Application Platform, ISG Inc.) and Visual C++ 6.0. A motivation of this study is the fact that computer imaging techniques have become an important diagnostic tool in the practice of modern medicine. The 3D visualization system consists of a basic 2D image processing such as filtering, panning, zooming and measuring image as well as 3D image processing such as multiplanar reformatting, surface rendering and volume rendering. The wide-spread use and accessibility of the web have been required to provide the visualization of 3D image on the web. Thus, we have developed web-based medical 3D visualization system that supports World-Wide-Web using VRML and client/server architecture.

體育의 藝術的 側面에 關한 硏究

정응근,송형석 師範大學 體育硏究所 1989 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.10 No.2

The scientific advances in physical education have not always been positive. One example is that scientific methodlogies have disregarded the embodied dimension of knowing which is the core of physical education. The values and meanings inherent in physical activity are realized in its artistic base. The purpose of this study is to justify the field of physical education in the intellectual community as art rather than science. The elements of the problem, in the process of this study, can be summed up in the following questions; 1. Does scientific knowledge itself constitute a full understanding of physical education? 2. What is the theoretical basis for the claim of physical education in the intellectual community as uniquely valuable? 3. What is the field which has regarded the human body as the knowing subject, physical activity as the process of knowing itself? 4. What is the theoretical basis for the claim of activities in physical education as not being artful? 5. what is the theoretical basis for the clain of activities in physical education as artful? A treatment of these inquiries follows; First, scientific knowledge doesn't constitute a full understanding of physical education. Although scientific methodologies have contributer remarkably to the expansion of knowledge in physical education as an academic discipline, they have disregarded the embodied dimension of knowing which is the core of physical education. Second, the values inherent in physical education can be found in the human potential for embodied knowing. And embodied knowing founded upon the epistemology of existential phenomenology as it's theoretical basis. Edmunt Husserl and Merleau-Ponty, existential phenomenologists, regarded the human body as the subject of knowing and physical activity as the process of knowing itself. Third, the field which has regarded the human body as the subject of knowing and physical activity as the process, is art. The subject and object in artful knowing become intergrated. However, body sensitivity which has been regarded as doxa, plays a central role in artful knowing. Fourth, the arguments which precludes sport from being an art have been summed up as follows: (1) Sport in general, is practical rather than aesthetic. (2) Sport may be aesthetic, but it is not artistic. A critical examination of these claims it made to highlight the converse. As a result, it is found that both claims may have logically valid points, but they are invalid in sport perfomer's experiences. These claims reveal, in themselves, the limits of logical analysis concerning subject matter such as play, sport and art. Fifth, the argument for sport as pontential art is reinforced by Metheny and Ellfelt(from a theoretical sphere) and Kleinman(from a methodological angle). It is also suggested that understanding sport can be realized by the embodied mode of knowing. The Eastern martial arts have been discussed as a prototypical movement artform. In such a holistic approach we can rediscover the artistic dimension of sport experience that has been overshadowed by the excessive goal-centeredness of contemporary sport, such as winning-at-all-cost.

경피전기신경자극의 동통억제효과에 대한 실험적 연구

송형근,이상호,계기성,유종만 大韓小兒齒科學會 1995 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of electrical anesthesia induced by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on inhibition of the pain response evoked by noxious electrical stimuli in teeth and gingiva. The experiment was carried out on anesthetized dogs. Left digastric muscle was exposed and wire electrodes were inserted into the muscles to record E.M.G.. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were inserted into the tooth of canine and the palatal area of gingiva. Noxious electrical stimuli were delivered to the tooth and the gingiva by electric stimulator(GrassTM, USA) under electronic anesthesia induced by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation device with frequency of 50㎐. The E.M.G. of jaw opening reflex at digastric muscle was measured by the osciloscope and the audiometer connected to amplifier(A-M system, 1700, USA) at different intensity of electronic anesthesia of 1 volt, 4 volt, and 10 volt. The pain threshold and the inhibitory rate of pain via E.M.G. of digastric muscle were analysed statistically with paired t-test adn χ2-test. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with intensity of 1 volt and 4 volt increased the pain threshold 9.4% and 18.6% in teeth and 14.3% and 32.1% in gingiva respectively, but that of 10 volt did not change or reduce the pain threshold. 2. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with intensity of 1 volt, 4 volt, and 10 volt showed the inhibitory effect of pain of 10.5%, 15.0% and 4.6% in teeth, and 18.2%, 23.4%, and 19.3% in gingiva respectively when noxious electrical stimulation was inserted 1.5 times higher than the pain threshold. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with intensity of 10 volt did not show inhibitory effect of the pain response as that of 1 volt and 4 volt. 3. The pain threshold in gingiva was increased higher by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation than it was in teeth, and the inhibitory effect of the pain in gingiva was also increased higher than it was in teeth. In regard to above results, inhibitory effects of pain induced by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was not so high as to replace the role of drug anesthesia wholly. The technique of reducing pain induced by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation itself, was needed to develop to have better anesthetic or analgesic effect and less discomfort during anesthetic procedure.

정신분열병과 Neurotensin 수용체 유전자 다형성의 연합 연구

이유상,김형배,한진희,채영규,이정식,이혜순,주연호,김형섭,최인근,양병환 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: Neurotensin(NT)은 NT수용체와 결합하여 그 효과를 나타내는 neuromodulator 혹은 neurotransmitter로서 대뇌에서 도파민의 분비를 조절하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 근래의 연구에 의하면 NT와 그 수용체는 대뇌에서 항정신병 약물의 효과를 매개하는 것으로 생각되고 있으며 약물치료를 받지 않은 정신분열병 환자의 뇌척수액에서 NT의 양이 적으로 보고되고 있어 이들은 정신분열병과 깊은 관련을 가지고 있을 것으로 추정된다. 최근 NT수용체의 유전자의 3`인접영역에서 정보가치가 높은 4 염기반복 다형성이 발견되어 이를 유전 표지자로 하여 정신분열병과의 연합을 알아보았다. 방 법: 서로 혈연관계에 있지 않은 정신분열병 환자 120명(남자 91명, 여자 29명)과 정상 대조군 106명(남자 84명, 여자 22명)을 대상으로 하였다. PANSS를 사용하여 양성 및 음성을 알아보았다. 말초혈액에서 DNA를 분리한 후에 중합효소연쇄반응을 사용하여 3`인접영역에 있는 4 염기 반복 다형성을 증폭하였고 silver staining한 후에 유전자형을 관찰하였다. chi-square 검증과 Bonferroni`s correction을 사용하여 환자군과 정상 대조군간의 대립유전자 빈도의 차이를 알아보았다. 또한 양성 및 음성 환자군으로 나누어 차이를 알아보았다. 결 과: 총 23개의 대립유전자가 관찰되었으며, 399bp의 대립유전자(A10)의 빈도가 환자군보다 정상대조군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(χ²=16.49, df=1, p<0.001). 음성 정신분열병 환자군과 정상대조군 사이의 비교에서는 정상대조군의 A10의 빈도가 환자군보다 유의하게 높았다(χ²=21.33, df=1, p<0.001). 성별 비교에서 남자 정신분열병 환자군은 대조군에 비하여 A10의 분포가 유의하게 적었다. (χ²=13.71, df=1, p<0.001) 결 론: NT 수용체 유전자와 정신분열병사이에 음성연합이 관찰되었다. NT 수용체 유전자가 일부 정신분열병의 발병과정에서 확실하지는 않지만 어떤 종류의 보호기능을 할 수도 있다는 것을 암시한다. Objectives: Neurotensin(NT), of which functions are evoked by its interaction with neurotensin receptors(NTR), coexists with mesolimbic dopamine and regulates endogenous dopamine release. Recent studies have shown that NT with NTR exerts neuroleptic-like activity within the central nervous system and may play an important role in the pathogenesis and in the treatment of schizophrenia. We have examined the gentic association between schizophrenia and tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in the 3-flanking region of the NTR gene to investigate the possible contribution of the NTR gene to the schizophrenia susceptibility. Methods: Among 23 alleles identified, the subjects were 120 patients(male 91, female 29)with schizophrenia and 106 normal healthy controls(male 84, female 22). They were unrelated native Korean. PANSS was used to determine positive or negative subgroup in the schizophrenic patients. Using polymerase chain reaction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism(CCTT and CTT) in the 3`-flanking region of NTR gene was observed. For a comparison of NTR gene`s allelic frequencies between patients with schizophrenia and normal healthy controls, chi-square test and Bonferroni`s correction was performed. Results: The frequency of A10 allele(base pair size=399)was significantly higher in normal healthy controls than schizophrenia(χ²=16.4902, df=1, p<.000). In the comparison between schizophrenic patients with negative symptoms and normal controls, the frequency of A10 allele was significantly higher in normal healthy control subjects than patients with schizophrenia(χ²=21.33, df=1, p<0.001). In the case of male, the frequency of A10 allele of schizophrenia was significantly higher than normal controls(χ²=13.71, df=1, p<0.001). Conclusions: NTR gene was negatively associated with schizophrenia. NTR gene`s tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism may provide some protective function against schizophrenia.

광학활성 B-Alkoxy-9broabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-Potassium Hydride 환원계에 의한 라세미 에폭시화물의 분할

李光雨,孔亨根,車震淳 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1986 基礎科學硏究 Vol.6 No.-

In this study, chiral B-alkoxy-9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-potassium hydride systems were applied to the resolution of representative racemic epoxides, namely 1,2-epoxybutane, 1,2-epoxyoctane and styrene oxide. Chiral B-alkoxy-9-BBN systems were synthesized from the reaction of 9-BBN with (-)-isopinocampheol and (-)-cis-myrtanol, respectively. The resolution of 2 equiv of racemic epoxide was carried out with 1 equiv of the reducing system at 0℃. Thus, the 1 equiv of epoxide was reduced to the alcohol, remaining the other 1 equiv of epoxide intact. The resolving ability of these systems in terms of optical purity of the alcohol appeared to be 25-40% in the case of aliphatic epoxide and 9-12% in the case of styrene oxide. The absolute configuration of the alcohols is consistent with (R)-(-)-aliphatic alcohol and (S)-(-)-1-phenylethanol.