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Taxol합성에 관한 연구. Ⅱ : 3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2, 2, 4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexenone SEM ether의 합성
임남수,신동수,정윤성,김정주,박두천,주우홍 昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1995 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.7 No.-
3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2,2,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexenone SEM ether ??, an intermediate in the synthesis of taxol was provided in eight steps. The keto ketal ?? was obtained in three steps from 1,3-cyclohexanedione. Reaction of the potassium enolate of ?? with N-phenyltrifluoromethanesulfonimide provided triflate ?? in 84% yield. Thus palladium-mediated cross-coupling reaction of enol triflate ?? with vinyltributylstannane afforded diene ?? in a 89% yield. 3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2,2,4-trimethyl-3-Cyclohexenone SEM ether was prepared from diene ?? by sequential hydroboration [9-BBN, THF, 89%], deprotection[pTsOH ·H₂O, THF-H₂O,~100%], and silyation [SEMC], iPr₂NEt, nBu₄NI, CH₂Cl₂, 94%]
무작위 대조 이중맹검 시험을 통한 봉독 약침의 류마티스 관절염 치료 효과 연구
이상훈,홍승재,김수영,양형인,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Objective : This study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of bee venom therapy on rheumatoid arthritis by randomized controlled double blind method. Method : RA patients were recruited and divided into an experiment group and a control group by random selection. As a double blind test, the experiment group was treated with bee venom injection on acupoints, and the control group was treated with normal saline injection on acupoints twice a week for 8 weeks. Tender joint count, swollen joint count, morning stiffness, pain, health assessment questionnaire, ESR. and CRP were estimated and analyzed at baseline, and at 1 month and 2 months after bee venom therapy Results : Compared to the control group, the experiment group showed significant decrease in tender joint count swollen joint count, morning stiffness, and health assessment questionnaire after 2 months. Pain, ESR and CRP showed significant decrease in the experiment group after 1 & 2 months. Conclusions : These results suggests that bee venom therapy could be an effective method in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
논둑 태우기가 해충 및 천적류에 미치는 영향과 그 시기 설정에 관한 연구
허만규,허홍욱,문두호,정수동 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1996 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.23 No.-
For a long time, levee-burning in Korea have been conducted to kill the fauna of insect pests. We conducted to find out whether the levee-burning could justifiable for the suppression of insect pests, partially the spider. Density of both pest and enemies grew higher in burned areas than in unburned from about 90 days after the levee-burning. Density surveys on pests and their enemies(mostly spiders) was carried out unto the mid May at an experimental paddy field located in Kimhae. Wingless spiders could requires even larger time than winged pest species to re-establish in the center region of the widely burned field. However, according to the present point of view, the opinion that levee-burning is helpful for controling pests which over winter on levee areas could not be justifiable.
봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 기능회복 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향
이상훈,이현종,박상민,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Objective: To evaluate the effects of bee venom acupuncture(BVA) on the rehabilitation and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients Methods: Patients with RA were treated with the BVA therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate(ESR), C-reactive protein(CRP), patient global assessment, physician global assessment, Korean health assessment questionnaire(KHAQ) were estimated and analyzed before and after BVA therapy. Results: Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness showed significant decrease after BVA therapy. But, as acute inflammatory reactants, ESR showed no significant difference and CRP showed significant increase after BVA therapy. Patient global assessment physician global assessment, and KHAQ index showed significant improvement after BVA therapy. Conclusions: BVA therapy can improve rehabilitation and health-related quality of life RA patients as well as clinical symptom and signs. Further study is required in more population with large scale including acute inflammatory reaction of BVA therapy.
봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향
이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.
THE VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS FOR BUFFER OVERFLOW USING CIL
Doo-Soon Park,Jae-Sin Hong,Su-Hyong Son,Kibom Kim,Hyungwoo Kang,Soonjwa Hong,Min Hong 한국멀티미디어학회 2006 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2006 No.-
Over the past decade, the demands for building secure software have become a dominant goal for software development. Although great advances have been made in this area, the core problems of security vulnerability still exist. Buffer overflows are the most common source of security vulnerabilities in C program. To analysis these security vulnerabilities, we used a CIL (C Intermediate Language) that is written in OCaml (Objective Caml). We used well-known open test data such as Sendmail, Wuftpd, Bind, Perl on the Linux operating system. A C syntax is created to analyze the warnings and we implement the pushdown automata to check the generation of actual buffer overflows. But there was no actual buffer overflow during the source code analysis. Therefore, we conclude that the CIL does not provide the accurate buffer overflow measurement and an efficient new tool is essential for buffer overflow measurement.
Lee, Doo Hwan,Jeong, Myung Ho,Rhee, Jung Ae,Choi, Jin Su,Lee, Ki Hong,Lee, Min Goo,Sim, Doo Sun,Park, Keun-Ho,Yoon, Nam Sik,Yoon, Hyun Ju,Kim, Kye Hun,Park, Hyung Wook,Hong, Young Joon,Kim, Ju Han,Ahn The Korean Society of Cardiology 2012 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.42 No.10
<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>Predictive factors of mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with left ventricular dysfunction were analyzed during 5-year clinical follow-up after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</P><P><B>Subjects and Methods</B></P><P>A total of 329 ACS consecutive patients (64.6±11.3 years, 227 males) who underwent PCI from January 2001 to March 2006 were followed for 5 years. All patients had lower than 40% of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Patients were divided into Group I (survived longer than 5-years: n=130, 101 males) and Group II (survived shorter than 5 years: n=199, 126 males).</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The cumulative survival rate was 88.0% at 1 month, 78.0% at 6 months, 75.0% at 1 year, 67.0% at 2 years, 62.0% at 3 years, 57.0% at 4 years and 40% at 5-years. Group II was older (61.6±11.2 years vs. 66.4±11.4 years, p<0.001), and showed higher prevalence of female gender (28.4% vs. 36.7%, p=0.006) and lower LVEF (35.3±5.2 vs. 33.6±5.6) than Group I. The independent predictors for mortality were LVEF <30% {odds ratio (OR)=1.793, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.234-2.452, p=0.002}, serum creatinine >3.0 mg/dL (OR=2.455, 95% CI: 1.306-4.614, p=0.005), older than 65 years (OR=1.594, 95% CI: 1.152-2.206, p=0.005), and female gender (OR=1.524, 95% CI: 1.090-2.130, p=0.014).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Five-year survival rate was 40% in ACS patients with left ventricular dysfunction, and the predictors for mortality were low LVEF, high serum creatinine, old age, and female gender.</P>
MOF-on-MOF Architectures: Applications in Separation, Catalysis, and Sensing
Hong Doo Hwan,Shim Hui Su,하준수,Moon Hoi Ri 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.7
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials with a high tunability. To improve the functionality of the original frameworks, several strategies, such as the use of different metal cations and organic ligands and post-synthetic modification, have been developed, enabling the use of MOFs in numerous practical applications in various fields. Recently, another approach, i.e., MOF-on-MOF architecturing, has been actively studied by combining two or more MOFs into a composite. MOF-on- MOF materials not only possess the intrinsic properties of each MOF but also exhibit unprecedented synergism within a single system, resulting in a considerable potential for various applications. This review summarizes the interesting areas of application of MOF-on-MOF architectures into three categories: separation, catalysis, and sensing. In particular, the synergism occurring within such MOF-on-MOF architectures is discussed.