Incipient ferroelectricity of AgTaO3 and ferroelectric nature of (Li0.008Ag0.992)TaO3

Khan Hidayat Ullah,Ullah Amir,Sualiheen Karishma,Ahmad Imtiaz,Ullah Mateen 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.79 No.9

AgTaO3 (AT) and ( Li0.008Ag0.992)TaO3 (LAT-0.8) compositions have been fabricated successfully via solid-state reaction (SSR) route. Phase purity of both the calcined powder and crushed sintered pellet was confirmed with XRD peaks which were indexed according to the rhombohedral structure with R3c∕R3c. The smooth hysteretic behavior of the LAT-0.8 system evidenced unlocking of the hidden ferroelectricity of AT. This phenomenon confirmed the incipient ferroelectric/quantum paraelectric nature of AT. So far, the triggering of ferroelectricity with 0.8% Li modification in AT has not been reported in the literature. A fair ferroelectric response of AT and LAT-0.8 at − 20 °C was obtained.

A New Form of Fuzzy Generalized Bi-Ideals in Ordered Semigroups

( Hidayat Ullah Khan ),( Nor Haniza Sarmin ),( Asghar Khan ) 호남수학회 2014 호남수학학술지 Vol.36 No.3

In several applied disciplines like control engineering, computer sciences, error-correcting codes and fuzzy automata theory, the use of fuzzified algebraic structures especially ordered semigroups and their fuzzy subsystems play a remarkable role. In this paper, we introduce the notion of (-e,-ev-qk,)-fuzzy subsystems of ordered semigroups namely (-e,-ev-qk,)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideals of ordered semigroups. The important milestone of the present paper is to link ordinary generalized bi-ideals and (-e,-ev-qk,)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideals. Moreover, different classes of ordered semigroups such as regular and left weakly regular ordered semigroups are characterized by the properties of this new notion. Finally, the upper part of a (-e,-ev-qk,)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideal is defined and some characterizations are discussed.

A NEW FORM OF FUZZY GENERALIZED BI-IDEALS IN ORDERED SEMIGROUPS

Khan, Hidayat Ullah,Sarmin, Nor Haniza,Khan, Asghar The Honam Mathematical Society 2014 호남수학학술지 Vol.36 No.3

In several applied disciplines like control engineering, computer sciences, error-correcting codes and fuzzy automata theory, the use of fuzzied algebraic structures especially ordered semi-groups and their fuzzy subsystems play a remarkable role. In this paper, we introduce the notion of (${\in},{\in}{\vee}\bar{q}_k$)-fuzzy subsystems of ordered semigroups namely (${\in},{\in}{\vee}\bar{q}_k$)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideals of ordered semigroups. The important milestone of the present paper is to link ordinary generalized bi-ideals and (${\in},{\in}{\vee}\bar{q}_k$)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideals. Moreover, different classes of ordered semi-groups such as regular and left weakly regular ordered semigroups are characterized by the properties of this new notion. Finally, the upper part of a (${\in},{\in}{\vee}\bar{q}_k$)-fuzzy generalized bi-ideal is defined and some characterizations are discussed.

Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Strain Properties of (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.935Ba0.065Ti1-x(Al0.5Nb0.5)xO3 Lead-free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Mateen Ullah,Amir Ullah,Hidayat Ullah Khan,Imtiaz Ahmad,김일원 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.76 No.2

Piezoelectric ceramics (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.935Ba0.065Ti1-x(Al0.5Nb0.5)xO3 (BNBT-AN) have been synthesized for x = 0, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025, and 0.030 through simple solid state reaction technique. Synthesis and sintering of all the systems were successful as single phase was obtained through out. This work explains the influence of AN on morphology, phase structure, electrical and electromechanical characteristics of the parent BNBT matrix. All compositions were single phase perovskites by X-ray diffraction (XRD), that could be confirmed as the tetragonal, P4/m, and rhombohedral, R3c, mixed structures. Tetragonality was increased with increase in the AN content. With similar modification, dynamic piezoelectric constant d*33 (= Smax/Emax) was increased monotonically gaining a highest value of 354 pm/V corresponding to x = 0.030. The overall increase was found in remnant polarization (Pr) for all the systems except for the one with x = 0.030. Maximum Pr, 30.6 μC/cm^2, was noted for x = 0.025. This phenomenon was also accompanied by a persistent decrease in coercive field Ec, from 28.0 kV/cm for undoped to 14.5 kV/cm for 3 mol%. The ceramics were signified with encouraging electrical properties.

Power Devolution and Economic Stability: Evidence from Pakistan

Abdur RAUF,Hidayat Ullah KHAN,Ghulam Yahya KHAN 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.5

The current study analyzed the impacts of fiscal decentralization (FD) on the economic stability of Pakistan. This study used time series data from 1981 to 2017. The collected data was first passed through the unit root analysis. ARDL estimation techniques were employed to scrutinize the data where long-run associations were tested through Wald F-statistics. The long-run estimates were extracted by applying Ordinary Least Square, and error correction mechanisms were employed to find the speed of adjustment for disequilibria between the long and the short run. Wald F-statistics confirmed the existence of long-run cointegration. Long-run elasticities suggested that fiscal decentralization because of limited institutional capabilities of provincial governments failed in bringing stability in the economy of Pakistan. Similarly, transparency issues and misspecification of projects hinder the outcome of investment to stabilize the economy. High service payments on debt cut the amount that can be used for skills improvements and destabilize the economy. High Population growth puts pressure on infrastructure and reduces production capacity, ultimately destabilizing the economy by increasing unemployment and inflation. Based on these findings, the government is suggested to improve the institutional capacity of lower governments for the desired outcome of power devolution.

Outcomes of Primary Unilateral Cheiloplasty in Same-Day Surgical Settings

Khan, Mansoor,Ullah, Hidayat,Aziz, Asif,Tahir, Muhammad Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2016 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.43 No.3

Background Financial, clinical, and psychological considerations have made same-day surgery an attractive option for a variety of procedures. This article aimed to analyse the postoperative results of same-day primary unilateral cleft nasolabial repair. Methods This study was performed from 2011 to 2014. Unilateral cleft lip patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were preoperatively classified as mild, moderate, and severe. All patients underwent same-day surgery and were discharged after satisfying the appropriate clinical criteria, receiving thorough counselling, and the establishment of a means of communication by phone. Postoperative outcomes were assessed and stratified according to preoperative severity and the type of repair. Results A total of 423 primary unilateral cleft lip patients were included. Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was the most common procedure, followed by Noordhoff's technique. The postoperative outcome was good in 89.8% of cases, fair in 9.9% of cases, and poor in 0.2% of cases. The complication rate was 1.18% (n=5), and no instances of mortality were observed. The average hospital stay was 7.5 hours, leading to a cost reduction of 19% in comparison with patients who stayed overnight for observation. Conclusions Mild unilateral cleft lip was the most common deformity for which Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was performed in most of the cases, with satisfactory postoperative outcomes. Refinements in the cleft rhinoplasty techniques over the course of the study improved the results regarding cleft nasal symmetry. Single-day primary unilateral cleft cheiloplasty was found to be a cost-effective procedure that did not pose an additional risk of complications.

Outcomes of Primary Unilateral Cheiloplasty in Same-Day Surgical Settings

Mansoor Khan,Hidayat Ullah,Asif Aziz,Muhammad Tahir 대한성형외과학회 2016 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.43 No.3

Background Financial, clinical, and psychological considerations have made same-day surgery an attractive option for a variety of procedures. This article aimed to analyse the postoperative results of same-day primary unilateral cleft nasolabial repair. Methods This study was performed from 2011 to 2014. Unilateral cleft lip patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were preoperatively classified as mild, moderate, and severe. All patients underwent same-day surgery and were discharged after satisfying the appropriate clinical criteria, receiving thorough counselling, and the establishment of a means of communication by phone. Postoperative outcomes were assessed and stratified according to preoperative severity and the type of repair. Results A total of 423 primary unilateral cleft lip patients were included. Fisher’s anatomical subunit approximation technique was the most common procedure, followed by Noordhoff’s technique. The postoperative outcome was good in 89.8% of cases, fair in 9.9% of cases, and poor in 0.2% of cases. The complication rate was 1.18% (n=5), and no instances of mortality were observed. The average hospital stay was 7.5 hours, leading to a cost reduction of 19% in comparison with patients who stayed overnight for observation. Conclusions Mild unilateral cleft lip was the most common deformity for which Fisher’s anatomical subunit approximation technique was performed in most of the cases, with satisfactory postoperative outcomes. Refinements in the cleft rhinoplasty techniques over the course of the study improved the results regarding cleft nasal symmetry. Single-day primary unilateral cleft cheiloplasty was found to be a cost-effective procedure that did not pose an additional risk of complications.

Adsorption and thermodynamic mechanisms of manganese removal from aqueous media by biowaste-derived biochars

Idrees, Muhammad,Batool, Saima,Ullah, Hidayat,Hussain, Qaiser,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Ahmad, Mahtab,Hussain, Amjad,Riaz, Muhammad,Ok, Yong Sik,Kong, Jie Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular liquids Vol.266 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the present investigation, poultry manure and farmyard manure-derived biochars were applied as cost-effective adsorbents for manganese (Mn) removal from aqueous media. Effects of functional parameters such as solution pH, contact time, temperature and concentration on the Mn removal efficiency of biochars were evaluated. Poultry manure-derived biochar exhibited greater adsorption efficiency than farmyard manure-derived biochar due to its porosity and surface functionality. The maximum adsorption was achieved at pH 6, temperature 298 K and contact time of 3 h. The adsorption isotherm data was well fitted to the Freundlich model indicating multilayer adsorption onto heterogeneous surfaces of the biochars. Thermodynamics calculations affirmed that Mn adsorption onto biochars was spontaneous and exothermic process governed by hydrogen bonding type of electrostatic interaction. Post-adsorption spectroscopic analysis of Mn-loaded biochars evidenced the binding of Mn with active surface functionalities of biochars.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Biochar, a by-product of pyrolysis, was prepared as a low cost adsorbent precursor. </LI> <LI> Effect of derived biochars on Manganese removal efficiency was investigated. </LI> <LI> FBC and PBC characteristics were analyzed. </LI> <LI> Langmuir and Freundlich models were used for equilibrium modeling. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Radionuclide concentrations in agricultural soil and lifetime cancer risk due to gamma radioactivity in district Swabi, KPK, Pakistan

Azeem Umair,Younis Hannan,ullah Niamat,Mehboob Khurram,Ajaz Muhammad,Ali Mushtaq,Hidayat Abdullah,Muhammad Wazir 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1

This study focuses on measuring the levels of naturally occurring radioactivity in the soil of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, as well as the associated health hazard. Thirty (30) soil samples were collected from various locations and analyzed for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radioactivity levels using a High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometer with a photo-peak efficiency of approximately 52.3%. The average values obtained for these radionuclides are 35.6 ± 5.7 Bqkg 1, 47 ± 12.5 Bqkg 1, and 877 ± 153 Bqkg 1, respectively. The level of 232Th is slightly higher and 40K is 2.2 times higher than the internationally recommended limit of 30 Bqkg 1 and 400 Bqkg 1, respectively. Various parameters were calculated based on the results obtained, including Radium Equivalent (Raeq), External Hazard (Hex), Absorbed Dose Rate (D), Annual Gonadal Equivalent Dose (AGDE), Annual Effective Dose Rate, and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR), which are 170.3 ± 24 Bqkg 1, 0.46 ± 0.06 Bqkg 1, 81.4 ± 2.04 nGy h 1, 582 ± 78.08 μSvy 1, 99.8 ± 13.5 μSv Gy 1, and 0.349 ± 0.04, respectively. These values are below the limits recommended by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) in 2002. This study highlights the potential radiation threats associated with natural radioactivity levels in the soil of Swabi and provides valuable information for public health and safety

Non-toxic nature of chebulinic acid on biochemical, hematological and histopathological analysis in normal Sprague Dawley rats

Aamir Khurram,Sugumar Vaisnevee,Khan Hidayat Ullah,Looi Chung Yeng,Juneja Rajesh,Waqas Muhammad,Arya Aditya 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.2

Chebulinic acid (CA) is an ellagitannins isolated from the dried fruits of Terminalia chebula with diverse pharmacological activities. The present study focused on the acute toxicity of CA in normal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. CA was administered via oral gavage to different groups in 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight and vehicle respectively. All the animals were monitored carefully for any physiological or behavioral changes for 14 days. On day 15th animals were euthanized and blood was collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. Different tissues were collected for histopathological study using four different staining techniques (hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, periodic acid Schiff and picro sirius red) to observe any pathological alterations. The results highlighted no morbidity and mortality after oral ingestion of CA (300 and 2000 mg/kg). Food and water consumption, body weight, relative organ weight, hematological and biochemical parameters were normal without any gross pathological lesions in harvested tissues. The outcome of the current study supported safety of CA even at high dose. However, further detailed study is required on experimentally disease model to unfold its therapeutic potential in laboratory animals.