Quitline Activity in the Republic of Korea

Yun, E Hwa,Lim, Min Kyung,Oh, Jin-Kyoung,Ki, In Ha,Shin, Sang-Hwa,Jeong, Bo Yoon Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup2

To reduce tobacco use and related harm in Korea, telephone based cessation services (Quitlines) began full operation to provide regular behavioral counseling for smoking cessation in 2006. After registration in the cessation program, at least 21 calls per year are given to each client to help quit and encourage maintenance. Tailored programs for males, females, and adolescent smokers have been offered taking into account smokers' characteristics and smoking behavior. Mailing self-help quit packs and e-mail and SMS services are allowable as additional services.A total of 23,201 smokers were registered on the Quitline program from 2006 to 2014. In 2014, an average of 13,343 calls per month have been received by 28 coaches, the 1 year abstinence rate of clients is 26%, and clients' satisfaction rate is 81.6%. After introduction of the call system in 2007, client convenience and effective operations have been achieved with high technology support of a computer-based telephone system. Systematic education and evaluation programs for quit coaches have contributed to quality assurance of the services. Currently, research into development of new programs and evaluation of Quitline performance is being undertaken. A Comprehensive Multi-channel Cessation Center (CMCC) has been suggested and is now planned as a next step in the national program for smoking cessation.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and calcium deregulation by the RanBP9-cofilin pathway

Roh, Seung-Eon,Woo, Jung A.,Lakshmana, Madepalli K.,Uhlar, Courtney,Ankala, Vinishaa,Boggess, Taylor,Liu, Tian,Hong, Yun-Hwa,Mook-Jung, Inhee,Kim, Sang Jeong,Kang, David E. The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2013 The FASEB Journal Vol.27 No.12

<P>Mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic damage are important features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with amyloid β (Aβ) and tau. We reported previously that the scaffolding protein RanBP9, which is overall increased in brains of patients with AD and in mutant APP transgenic mice, simultaneously promotes Aβ generation and focal adhesion disruption by accelerating the endocytosis of APP and β1-integrin, respectively. Moreover, RanBP9 induces neurodegeneration <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> and mediates Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Here we show in primary hippocampal neurons that RanBP9 potentiates Aβ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, apoptosis, and calcium deregulation. Analyses of calcium-handling measures demonstrate that RanBP9 selectively delays the clearance of cytosolic Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> mediated by the mitochondrial calcium uniporter through a process involving the translocation of cofilin into mitochondria and oxidative mechanisms. Further, RanBP9 retards the anterograde axonal transport of mitochondria in primary neurons and decreases synaptic mitochondrial activity in brain. These data indicate that RanBP9, cofilin, and Aβ mimic and potentiate each other to produce mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS overproduction, and calcium deregulation, which leads to neurodegenerative changes reminiscent of those seen in AD.—Roh. S.-E., Woo, J. A., Lakshmana, M. K., Uhlar, C., Ankala, V., Boggess, T., Liu, T., Hong, Y.-H., Mook-Jung, I., Kim, S. J., Kang, D. E. Mitochondrial dysfunction and calcium deregulation by the RanBP9-cofilin pathway.</P>

Lipid Transfer Particle Mediates the Delivery of Diacylglycerol from Lipophorin to Fat Body in Larval Manduca sexta.

Yun Hwa-Kyung,Canavoso Lilian E.,Jouni Zeina E.,Wells Michael A. 한국응용곤충학회 2001 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.1

Public opinions on disclosure of tobacco components: Results of a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Republic of Korea

Yun, E Hwa,Park, Young-Ok,Lim, Min Kyung,Oh, Jin-Kyoung,Park, Eun Young,Jeong, Bo Yoon,Hong, Soon-Yeol,Lee, Do-Hoon The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, I 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.27

<P>This study aimed to explore public views on disclosure of tobacco components in an effort to develop a comprehensive regulatory system facilitating implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) Articles 9 and 10 in Korea. In all, 1200 representative Koreans 19 years old or older were enrolled and information on their general characteristics, smoking status, awareness of the effects of smoking on health, and views on the public disclosure of tobacco components was collected by telephone using a structured questionnaire. Factors associated with acceptance of the need for public disclosure of tobacco components were identified via multivariate analysis. Most participants considered it necessary to publicly disclose tobacco components (95.9%) and were aware of the risk to health posed by smoking (76.0%). The prevalent view was that tobacco companies should be legally required to publicly disclose details of the components of cigarettes, their levels per cigarette, and their effects on health. The most effective means of disclosure were considered to be the mass media, printed materials, and labels on cigarette packs. Females and never-smokers (odds ratio [OR]: 4.39, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.76-10.94) more readily accepted the need for public disclosure, whereas those of lower educational level and/or who were less aware of the harm to health posed by smoking (OR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01-0.18) were less likely to be accepting. The attitude of the general population ensures that FCTC Articles 9 and 10 will be successfully implemented in Korea. Further public consultation on the details of disclosure would be useful for the development of a comprehensive regulatory system.</P>

Regional disparities in major cancer incidence in Korea, 1999-2018

Eun Hye Park(Eun Hye Park),Mee Joo Kang(Mee Joo Kang),Kyu-Won Jung(Kyu-Won Jung),Eun Hye Park(Eun Hye Park),E Hwa Yun(E Hwa Yun),Hye-Jin Kim(Hye-Jin Kim),Hyun-Joo Kong(Hyun-Joo Kong),Chang Kyun Choi(C 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated regional disparities in the incidence of 8 major cancers at the municipal level in Korea during 1999-2018 and evaluated the presence or absence of hot spots of cancer clusters during 2014-2018. METHODS: The Korea National Cancer Incidence Database was used. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated by gender and region at the municipal level for 4 periods of 5 years and 8 cancer types. Regional disparities were calculated as both absolute and relative measures. The possibility of clusters was examined using global Moran’s I with a spatial weight matrix based on adjacency or distance. RESULTS: Regional disparities varied depending on cancer type and gender during the 20-year study period. For men, the regional disparities of stomach, colon and rectum, lung, and liver cancer declined, and those of thyroid and prostate cancer recently decreased, despite an overall increasing incidence. For women, regional disparities in stomach, colon and rectum, lung, liver, and cervical cancer declined, that of thyroid cancer recently decreased, despite an overall increasing incidence, and that of breast cancer steadily increased. In 2014-2018, breast cancer (I, 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 0.70) showed a high probability of cancer clusters in women, and liver cancer (I, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.56) showed a high probability of cancer clusters in men. CONCLUSIONS: Disparities in cancer incidence that were not seen at the national level were discovered at the municipal level. These results could provide important directions for planning and implementing local cancer policies.

Characterization of Cholesterol Transport from Midgut to Fat Body in Manduca sexta Larvae

Yun Hwa-Kyung,Jouni Zeina E.,Wells Michael A. 한국응용곤충학회 2001 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.1

유전자전달용 양이온 다층박막의 제조와 응용

강윤미 ( Yun Mi Kang ),김경숙 ( Kyung Sook Kim ),이주영 ( Ju Young Lee ),이정화 ( Jung Hwa Lee ),김이슬 ( E Sle Kim ),이봉 ( Bong Lee ),박영환 ( Young Hwan Park ),고재훈 ( Jae Hoon Ko ),강길선 ( Gil Son Khang ),이해방 ( Hai Bang 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2008 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.5 No.4

Various gene transfer play important roles in the development of the controlled release of nucleic acid. In this review, we describe a relatively new approach to the immobilization and release of DNA from surfaces and detailed overview of the state of the art. First, methods based on the layer-by-layer assembly of thin multilayered films will be discussed. The applications of layer-by-layer assembly to the fabrication of DNA-containing surfaces will be then presented. We believe this approach can contribute potential method for spatial and/or temporal control over the delivery of DNA.

학령기 아동의 심혈관계 질환 위험인자의 유병률

윤이화,안지연,이봉숙,탁영란,Yun, E-Hwa,An, Ji-Yeon,Lee, Bong-Suk,Tak, Young-Ran 대한예방의학회 2005 예방의학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Objectives : This study was conducted to assess the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors (serum lipid profiles, BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar) and evaluate the risk profile of CVD by the clustering of the cardiovascular risk factors in school-aged children in the Kyoung-Gi area. Methods : The study sample consists of 208 11 year-old children (51.4% boys, 48.6% girls) who participated in a cross-sectional screening of cardiovascular risk factors. We surveyed their socio-demographic characteristics, measured the anthropometric variables and analyzed the biochemical markers. Results : Of the cardiovascular risk factors, the percentage risk of the BMI, dyslipidememia and hypertension were highest. The prevalence rates of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in girls was higher than in boys. Also, the associations of the BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were highly significant. In addition, the proportion of subjects with 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more risk factors were 29.3, 12.5, 2.9 and 1.9%, respectively; therefore, a total of 97 subjects (46.6%) had at least one more risk factor. Conclusions : From these findings, we concluded that the rates of hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular risk groups and obesity prevalence of these groups were relatively high. These data provide further evidence that the early intervention for cardiovascular health prevention and promotion in school-aged children is necessary at the population level.

Mechanisms of Oxidation of Guanine in DNA by Carbonate Radical Anion, a Decomposition Product of Nitrosoperoxycarbonate

Lee, Young ,Ae,Yun, Byeong ,Hwa,Kim, Seog ,K.,Margolin, Yelena,Dedon, Peter ,C.,Geacintov, Nicholas ,E.,Shafirovich, Vladimir WILEY-VCH Verlag 2007 Chemistry Vol.13 No.16

<P>Peroxynitrite is produced during inflammation and combines rapidly with carbon dioxide to yield the unstable nitrosoperoxycarbonate, which decomposes (in part) to CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>.−</SUP> and <SUP>.</SUP>NO<SUB>2</SUB> radicals. The CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>.−</SUP> radicals oxidize guanine bases in DNA through a one-electron transfer reaction process that ultimately results in the formation of stable guanine oxidation products. Here we have explored these mechanisms, starting with a spectroscopic study of the kinetics of electron transfer from 20–22mer double-stranded oligonucleotides to CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>.−</SUP> radicals, together with the effects of base sequence on the formation of the end-products in runs of one, two, or three contiguous guanines. The distributions of these alkali-labile lesions were determined by gel electrophoresis methods. The cascade of events was initiated through the use of 308 nm XeCl excimer laser pulses to generate CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>.−</SUP> radicals by an established method based on the photodissociation of persulfate to sulfate radicals and the oxidation of bicarbonate. Although the Saito model (Saito et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6406–6407) predicts relative ease of one-electron oxidations in DNA, following the trend 5′-⋅⋅⋅GGG⋅⋅⋅ > 5′-⋅⋅⋅GG⋅⋅⋅ > 5′-⋅⋅⋅G⋅⋅⋅, we found that the rate constants for CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>.−</SUP>-mediated oxidation of guanines in these sequence contexts (k<SUB>5</SUB>) showed only small variation within a narrow range [(1.5–3.0)×10<SUP>7</SUP> M<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>]. In contrast, the distributions of the end-products are dependent on the base sequence context and are higher at the 5′-G in 5′-⋅⋅⋅GG⋅⋅⋅ sequences and at the first two 5′-guanines in the 5′-⋅⋅⋅GGG⋅⋅⋅ sequences. These effects are attributed to a combination of initial hole distributions among the contiguous guanines and the subsequent differences in chemical reaction yields at each guanine. The lack of dependence of k<SUB>5</SUB> on sequence context indicates that the one-electron oxidation of guanine in DNA by CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>.−</SUP> radicals occurs by an inner-sphere mechanism.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Rates of one-electron oxidation of guanine in DNA by carbonate radicals do not depend on sequence context: The sequence-dependent damage at guanine sites (see figure) is attributed to a combination of initial hole distributions among the contiguous guanines and the subsequent differences in chemical reaction yields at each guanine. <img src='wiley_img/09476539-2007-13-16-CHEM200601434-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/09476539-2007-13-16-CHEM200601434-content'> </P>

Factors Related to Self-perception of Diet Quality among South Korean Adults

Kye, Su-Yeon,Yun, E-Hwa,Park, Kee-Ho Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Objective: Improvements in diet can decrease the cancer rates. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationships between self-perception of diet quality and personality, impulsiveness, stress, coping strategy, sense of coherence, self-efficacy, and social support. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a multiple-stratified random sampling method based on the Korea Census of 2007. In October 2009, investigators conducted 15-minute face-to-face interviews with 1,530 South Korean volunteers who ranged from 30 to 69 years of age without a history of cancer. Results: Respondents were more likely to perceive that they consumed a healthy diet if they were older than 50 years, lived with a partner, had a monthly family income greater than $4,000 USD, had a low perceived risk of cancer, consumed less alcohol, exercised regularly, had a less agreeable or conscientious personality, had low stress levels, had a high sense of coherence or self-efficacy, and had ample social support. Conclusion: Psychosocial factors, such as personality, stress, sense of coherence, self-efficacy, and social support, are associated with the self-perception of diet quality. Analysis of the factors that contribute to a perceived healthy diet could assist with the design of educational campaigns.