HIV 감염자에 대한 달팽이 엑기스의 혈액면역학적 효과

조영걸,이희정,오원일,강은숙,김은순,김영봉,조양자,조군제 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

A unique sialic-acid-binding lectin from giant African snail Achatina fulica(AF) has a T cell mitogenicity. It was also noted that acetone extracts of AF have a anti-HIV effect in vitro. Thirty HIV-infected individuals(HIV+) were treated with AF extract(40% Chunho extract) for average 5. 5 months. Peripheral blood sampling and questionnaire were done every month after take. There was a significant decrease of WBC from 4 months after take. As a result, lymphocyte counts also decreased(P<0.01). However, there was a significant increase of CD4+T cell percentage from 1 month(P<0.01). The mean increase of CD4+T cell count was significant for first one month(39/pl)(P<0.05). Body weight also increased significantly(P<0.05). Over 90% HIV+ ex-pressed symptomatic improvement and wanted to be treated with AF extract continuously after the end of this study. In one HIV+ treated with AF for 19 months, the increases of CD4+T cell percentage and counts over 11 times after AF extract take were mean 67% and 85%, respectively, compared to baseline value. These data strongly suggest that aqueous AF extract has a immune enhancing effect on HN+.

Skin entrance dose for digital and film radiography in Korean dental schools

Cho, Eun-Sang,Choi, Kun-Ho,Kim, Min-Gyu,Lim, Hoi-Jeong,Yoon, Suk-Ja,,Kang, Byung-Cheol 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.4

Purpose : This study was aimed to compare skin entrance dose of digital radiography with that of film radiography and to show the dose reduction achievement with digital systems at 11 dental schools in Korea. Materials and Methods : Forty six intraoral radiographic systems in 11 dental schools were included in this study. Digital sensors were used in 33 systems and film was used in 13 systems. Researchers and the volunteer visited 11 dental schools in Korea. Researchers asked the radiologic technician (s) at each school to set the exposure parameters and aiming the x-ray tube for the periapical view of the mandibular molar of the volunteer. The skin entrance doses were measured at the same exposure parameters and distance by the technician for each system with a dosimeter (Multi-O-Meter : Unfors instruments, Billdal, Sweden). Results : The median dose was 491.2 μGy for digital radiography and 1,205.0 μGy for film radiography. The skin entrance dose digital radiography was significantly lower than that of film radiography (p<0.05). Conclusion : Fifty-nine percent skin entrance dose reduction with digital periapical radiography was achieved over the film radiography in Korean dental schools.

The Effects of Physical Fitness and Satisfaction on According to Different Exercise Method in College Students

( Bog Ja Jeoung ),( Yu Jin Jeong ),( Eun Bin Kim ),( Eun Sol Cho ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose : In previous researches, we learned that exercising promotes physical fitness ,strength and positive change in the physical satisfaction level but reviewing previous researches, there was a limit in our finding as it was based on a singular physical activity or exercise and we could not exactly find out which exercise provided the most physical change and satisfaction level. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find out effects of physical fitness and satisfaction according to participate in exercise method(circuit strength, weight bearing program and badminton). Method: Twelve college students participated exercise program(circuit strength program : n=4, weight bearing program : n=4 and badminton : n=4) who measured 20m PACER, push-up, grip strength, sit-up and sit-reach and body composition, and satisfaction which ``Sports Participants Satisfaction Questionnaire`` developed by Yoo et al(2010). The questionnaire covered improving physical function (3), improved exercise capacity (3), promote social and psychological benefits (3), two healthy living (2) which consisted of total of 14 questions with 5 multiple choices. With regard to the body satisfaction level survey, we have used the BSQ: Body Shape Questionnaire developed in 1987 by Cooper, Taylor and Fairvurn. Park, Eun-ah and Noh, Young-kyung was edited the BSQ questionnaire for this research. The body satisfaction level survey consisted of four sub-variables and a total of 27 questions. Result: First, there is a high level of increase overall in physical strength measurement results especially in sit-ups, flexibility, push-ups and cardiovascular endurance. However, there was little difference between the groups in terms stamina changes while we could not compare physical strength changes based on the type of exercise. Second, there was a slight decrease in weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference with regard to physical changes. However, the physical changes between groups were small while there was no physical change based on the type of exercise. In addition, the was no changes in the level of satisfaction based on after and before exercising while there was only slight difference exercise groups. Third, overall satisfaction level showed significant increase among the exercise groups while the health exercise showed the highest level of satisfaction followed by badminton and circuit training. In terms of exercise satisfaction level by category, physical function improvement and improved exercise capacity showed the highest level of increase and there was little difference in the exercise satisfaction level based on the exercise type. Fourth, if we look at the satisfaction level for physical strength change, satisfaction level was high for strength and agility category but showed no changes between exercise groups. Conclusion: This research is the study of the satisfaction level and changes in physical and physical strength based on three different exercises for different exercise groups. Based on the results of the study, exercising regularly helps increase the overall physical level in all exercise groups and the satisfaction level gradually increases. However, there was little difference between the exercise groups and this research was unable to verify the difference based on the exercise groups. Since the research was limited to 12 participants, a follow-up research should be conducted based on an extended level of participants.

하루 콩단백질 25g 섭취를 위한 메뉴작성 및 영양성분 분석

한재숙,김정애,서봉순,이연정,서향순,조연숙,한경필,이신정,오옥희,우경자,조은자,구성자,김수진,李承彦,南出隆久 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop menus for daily intake of 25g soybean protein and to analyse nutrients of these foods. Analytical values were compared to the theoretical one using the food composition table and recommended dietary allowances for Koreans (7th revision). The results are as follows. 1. Soybean curd residue stew, Soybean curd, Kimchi saute, and hard boiled soybean and lotus root were selected for the menu for January, of which the content of soy bean protein(SBP) was 33.1g, soybean stew, soybean curd and soybean sprout saute, and Italian deep fried soybean curd were for February, of which the content of SBP was 35.0g. The content of SBP in soybean paste soup with soybean curd, fried soybean curd and fried soybean curd roll, the menu for March, was 24.9g. That of April were soybean curd gratin with soymilk, soybean curd and ham with garlic dressing and the content of SBP was 26.3g. That of May were soybean porridge, soybean flour cake with honey (Dasik), soybean sprout soup and the content of SBP was 26.7g. That of June were soymilk, pan-fried soybean curd, steamed soybean curd with chicken and the content of SBP was 28.4g. That of July were noodle with soymilk, mapatofu, soybean curd salad and the content of SBP was 24.7g. That of August were soybean sprout with mustard dressing, Tossed green pepper with raw soybean flour, Tofu and Kimchi stew, soybean curd steak and the content of SBP was 26.2g. That of September were Chinese cabbage soup with raw soybean flour, sweet and sour tofu and the content of SBP was 23.2g. That of Oct. were Fermented soybean stew, soybean pan cake and the content of SBP was 24.3g. That of November were not-pressed soybean curd casserole, pan-fried mashed soybean curd with egg, stir frying deep-fried soybean curd with vegetables and the content of SBP was 22.4g. That of December were soybean curd and mushroom casserole, fried soybean curd and vegetables, hard boiled soybean curd and the content of SBP was 28.9g. 2. The ratio of the analytical value over theoretical value (A/B%) of one serving in kcal, carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and dietary fiber were 57.7~107.7%, 42.9~131.9%, 79.2~118.3%, 54.5~100%, 40.7~80.8% and 42.1~113.2%, respectively. 3. The ratio of A/B% of one serving in Ca, K, Na, P and Fe were 44.1~93.6%, 59.0~153.1%, 53.1~117.7% 64.6%~138.8 and 33.8~77.3%, respectively. That in Fe was the lowest among minerals. 4. The ratio of analytical value over Korean R.D.A(A/C%) in Ca was relatively higher (22.0~85.9%) than that in kcal(18~63%). 5. The ratio of A/C% in Fe was 25.1~64.3% and lower than that in Ca and protein in general.

Window Treatment에 관한 小考

趙銀子 新羅大學校 1975 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

We think of windows as being essential for letting light and air into home. Windows perform another major function in allowing for the indoor outdoor relationship that is so important in modern living. Having a room with a view is not easy in the crowed city. But even when a beautiful view is not possible, we are provided the psychological association with the outdoor by the treatment of windows that is sensitive to the structural lines. The ultimate purpose of window treatment should be to make the window functional and to make it attractive from both the outside and inside. According to the influence of the outdoor climate and individual requirement of the person who use the room, desirable treatment enhance windows usefulness. This essay is divided into three parts as follow Ⅰ. It is important to study each window in order to choose a treatments that will allow for maximum use and also emphasize the desirable features. Ⅱ. In determining design and placement of window, we consider also view, privacy, light, ventilation, location of furniture, cleaning and curtaining. Ⅲ. Window treatment is divided into indoor treatment and outdoor treatment. Curtains and draperies will be useful in controlling light and air, and in providing privacy, camouflage architectural deficiencies of windows, and may be decorative.

중학교 가정교육과정 중 성교육에 관한 연구

조숙자,이은영 서원대학교 교육연구소 2000 敎育發展 Vol.19 No.2

This study examined the effects and problems of current sex education in home economics education curriculum. The study was conducted with participants of 305 boys and girls from middle school students at Chung-joo by the researcher developed Likert-scaled questionnaire. The data analysis of reliability, descriptive analysis frequency and Chi-square test were used by SPSS. The results of the study were as follows : 1.The students more negatively responded to the effects of current sex education than did positively. 2.The students responded that they were not satisfied with the contents of current sex education for students sexual curiosity as well as education itself. 3.The students showed low scores of the effects of sex education about pregnancy and birth control. 4.The students responded that they did not get enough information of the questions about sex from the current sex education. 5.The students negatively responded to the female teachers attitudes of helping the students needs. In sum, the results showed that the effects of current sex education was low and the students wanted to get much more concrete contents of sex education.

市販 참기름의 理化學的 性質

趙銀子 新羅大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

In this work, the physical and chemical characteristics of the marketed sesame oil were investigated in order to get some information concerning the quality of sesame oil. The fifty experimental materials were obtained from market and transported to the laboratory. The specific gravity was measured with Pyknometer for fats and oils, refractive index with Abbe refractometer and iodine value was determined according to the Wijs method.Other factors such as moisture content, acid value and saponification value were estimated with ordinary methods. Moisture content of the material amounted average 0.11% and acid value was 1.12. The specific gravity at 25C was 0.9182 (ranged from 0.9170 to 0.9190) while the refractive index at the same temperature was 1.4709 (1.4665 to 1.4760). Iodine numbers which ranged from 92.6 to 107.8 and saponification values which marked 187.7 as average value were generally lower than other results. It was considered that content of the shorter chain and of unsaturated fatty acids was relatively low. On the other hand, it was investigated whether the cotton seed oil and tarpigments were mixed or not, but they were not detected. From the results above, it may be said that nearly all the marketed sesame oil are relatively fresh and have high quality.

아마릴 정(글리메피리드 2㎎)에 대한 글리메드 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,박은자,강현아,백승희,이석,김세미,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.2

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two glimepiride tables, Amaryl^(?)(Handok/Aventis Pharm. Co., Ltd.) and Glimed (Kuhn Ⅱ Pharm. Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The glimepiride release from the two glimepiride formulations in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method with a variety of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solution, water and blend of PSB 80 into each dissolution medium). Twenty six healthy male subjects, 22.65±2.19 years in age and 66.55±8.85 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 2 ㎎ as glimepiride was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of glimepiride in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detctor. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_(t), C_(max) and untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the Amaryl were -3.70, -8.28 and 0.61% for AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(max), respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25)(e.g., log(0.84)∼log(1.04) and log(0.82)∼log(1.03) for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA guideline for the bioequivalence were satisfied, indicating Glimed tablet and Amaryl tablet were bioequivalent.

스프렌딜 지속정(펠로디핀 5㎎)에 대한 스타핀 지속정의 생물학적동등성

조혜영,강현아,이석,백승희,박은자,최후균,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.4

Felodipine is a calcium antagonist that lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral resistance by means of a direct, selective action on smooth muscle in arterial resistance vessels. Furthermore, it have been approved for the effective in angina pectoris and cardiac failure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two felodipine extended release (ER) tablets, Splendil (YuHan Corporation) and Stapin (Hana Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). THe felodipine release from the two felodipine formulations in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method at pH 6.5 buffer solution. Twenty six healthy male subjects, 22.73±1.78 years in age and 66.66±7.28 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 5 ㎎ as felodipine were orally administered, blood sample was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of felodipine in serum were determined using column-switching HPLC method with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar at pH 6.5 buffer solution. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUG_(t), C_(max) and T_(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_(t) and C_(max) and untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the Splendil were 2.53%, 1.32% and 18.32% for AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(mzx), respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., log(0.86)∼log(1.20) and long(0.89)∼long(1.23) for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA guidelines for the bioequivalence was satisfied, indicating Stapin ER tablet and Splendil ER tablet are bioequivalent.

비유피-4 정(염산프로피베린 20㎎)에 대한 건일염산프로피베린 정의 생물학적동등성

조혜영,박은자,강현아,백승희,김세미,박찬호,오인준,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.5

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two propiverine hydrochloride tablets. BUP-4 (Jeil Pharm. Co., Ltd.) and Kuhnil Propiverine Hydrochloride (Kuhnil Pharm. Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The propiverine release from the two propiverine hydrochloride formulations in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method with a variety of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solutions, water and blend of polysorbate 80 into pH 6.8). Twenty six healthy male subjects, 23.73 ± 2.79 years in age and 67.04 ± 7.93 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2 x 2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 20 mg as propiverine hydrochloride was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of propiverine in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. The dis-solution profiles of two formulations were similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC" C _(max) and T _(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC, C_(max), and untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the BUP-4 were 0.17%, 7.98% and 4.55% for AUC,, C_(max), and respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically trans-formed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., log(0.88)-log(l .12) and log(0.90)-log(l.15) for AUC, and _(max), respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA bioequivalence guideline were satisfied, indicating Kuhnil Propiverine Hydrochloride tablet was bioequivalent to BUP-4 tablet.