백서에서 Depulpin®과 Formocresol에 대한 치수와 치근단 조직의 반응

문형인,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,황인남,김선헌,정선와,윤창,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

One fifth dilution of formocresol is usually for pulpotomy of the primary teeth and emergency pulpotomy of the permanent teeth. However, the use of formaldehyde has been subjected to criticism because it may be absorbed into the blood stream and become distributed systemically, it may also alter the pulp tissue rendering it immumologically active, and have carcinogenic potential. Recently Depulpin®(VoCo., Germany) gains popularity as a devitalizing agent during root canal therapy in spite of high concentration of 49% paraformaldehyde because it facilitate devitalization of pulp and make root canal therapy easier. But there have been not enough publications about the reaction of pulp and periapical tissue caused by Depulpin. This study was performed to evaluate the histological changes in pulp and periapical tissue of rats after pulpotomy using formocresol and Depulpin and to elucidate the toxic effects of these agents. Thirty six Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine. Maxillary first molar teeth were used for pulpotomy with formocresol and Depulpin. Rats were sacrificed after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. Specimens were histologically observed by light microscope changes in pulp and periapical tissue. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Formocresol group A zone of fixed tissue, in which odontoblasts could clearly be defined, was present directly underneath the pulpotomy dressing in almost all teeth of this group. This was followed by an area of necrotic tissue which resembled dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular detail except some pyknotic nuclei. In the specimens of after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks in which vital tissue was present. it was separated from the fibrous area by a zone of inflammation. In the specimens of after 3 weeks and after 4 weeks, inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament adjacent to the apical foramina of the teeth. 2. Depulpin® group The area of necrotic tissue which had no cells and fibers , was present adjacent to the dressing. This was followed by dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular details except some pyknotic nucleli. A short stump of vital pulp with odontoblasts was present at the end of the canal after 2 days. Inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament after 4 days and after 1week. Severe root resorption and necrosis of periapical tissue opposite the root resorption site were defined after 2 weeks and after 3 weeks. Periapical lesion which consist of necrotic tissue surrounded by a fibrous connective wall. was found after 4 weeks. The results indicated that Depulpin can cause more adverse reaction to the dental pulp and periapical tissue than formocresol, and further studies are needed for its clinical use with safety.

환자중심적 측면에서 본 여성전문병원 병동부의 실내환경 분석연구

황연숙;장윤정;김유연 한양대학교 2007 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the wards of women's hospitals in the perspective of patientfocused design. An evaluation checklist of the patient wards was applied to seven women's hospitals that have constructed or remodeled since 2000. The findings indicate that patients' room was generally patient-focused in terms of social interaction and privacy. However, the lacks of kitchenette, balconies, and dimmers were evaluated negatively. Among the patients' room, corridor, and patients' lounge, the lounge was the most negative in terms of patient-focused design. Privacy and home-likeness were insufficient in patients' lounge while control of ventilation and sunlight was well considered. The future study needs to develop advanced survey and interview methodologies in order to support the relevant results.

행정조직문화와 성과관리의 관계

황창연 한국정책학회 2003 韓國政策學會報 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 행정조직에서 조직문화의 존재와 성과관리간 관계를 밝히는데 있다. 조직문화를 개인주의·집단주의, 권위주의·민주주의 차원으로 분석한 결과, 현재의 조직문화는 집단주의적이고 권위주의적이라는 평가가 강하나, 신념 차원에서 보면 현재의 조직문화에 대한 평가보다는 개인주의적이고 민주주의적 신념을 보이고 있다는 것이다. 다음으로 행정조직문화와 성과관리의 관계를 분석한 결과를 보면, 현재의 조직은 집단주의적, 권위주의적이면서 하향평가, 인간관계중심의 평가, 결과중심의 평가를 시행하고 있고, 개인보다는 팀단위의 성과를 기준으로 한 성과급지급을 지지하며, 연고기준의 승진제도를 지지하고 있다. 그러나, 개인주의적, 민주주의적 신념을 가질수록 다면평가, 업적중심의 평가, 평가점수의 공개, 개인능력 기준의 성과평가를 선호하며, 개인단위의 성과급 지급을 선호하고, 성과기준의 승진제도를 선호하고 있었다. 따라서 향후에는 개인주의, 민주주의 차원에서 성과관리를 설계하여 도입하여야 할 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to clarify relationship between characteristics of organizational culture in government organization and performance management. This study surveyed characteristics of culture with dividing it into two views Individualism-Collectivism, Authoritarianism-Democracy, and performance management with dividing it into three views performance evaluation, merit pay and promotion. In results of the analysis, respondents judged existing public organizational culture had tendency to Collectivism and Authoritarianism. On the contrary, their faith showed that tendency to Individualism and Democracy was stronger than those of existing organizations. The results of analysis on relationship between characteristics of administrative organizational culture and performance management are as follows. In results of analysis on relationship between culture of administrative organization and performance management, respondents judged existing public organizational culture was collectivism and authoritarianism and existing public organization performed top-down evaluation, human relation-based evaluation, results-based evaluation, team-based merit pay system, personal connection-based promotion. On the contrary, respondents who had faith in individualism and democracy preferred firstly public opening of evaluation score and criterion of individual ability in factor of performance evaluation, secondly merit pay based on unit on individual in factor of merit pay and finally criterion of performance in factor of promotion.

성격장애 진단준거목록의 타당도 연구

황순택,정재홍,조연규,오동렬,김창현,양병환 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 1999 精神健康硏究 Vol.18 No.-

아동실 실내환경에 대한 사용자평가에 관한 연구

장윤정;황연숙 한양대학교 2005 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the user evaluation of children’s rooms in terms of satisfaction and affordance. Survey questionnaires were given to 205 elementary school children in the third or lower year grades and to their parents. Frequency analysis, t-tests, analysis of variance, and Duncan tests were mainly employed for data analysis. The findings indicated that the level of satisfaction among the respondents was found to be acceptable. Their satisfaction of the children’s rooms differed by children’s housing type and housing ownership. For example, children living in apartments were more positive about the size of the rooms, while those in detached rooms were negative about the general characteristics of the rooms. The most negatively evaluated environmental affordance of the rooms was social facilitation, followed by perceptual maintenance. The respondents’ evaluation of the rooms differed by children’s grade, while gender, housing type, housing ownership were statistically insignificant. In general, those in the third grade were more negative about the perceptual maintenance, while those in the first grade responded more negatively about the physiological maintenance of the rooms.

a-TN-LCD의 전기광학특성에 표면액정배향이 미치는 영향

황율연,이창훈,서대식,이보호 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

The characteristics of the response time and the viewing angle on twisted nematic(TN)-liquid crystal display(LCD) and amorphous (a)-TN-LCD without rubbing were investigated. To measure the Tansmission-Voltage, response time, and viewing angle characteristics, we prepared three kinds of LC cells and then studied the surface liquid crystal alignment effect. It was found that the response time on a-TN-LCD was fast compared to the TN-LCD, and the weak anchoring strength was attributed to the fast response time on a-TN-LCD. Also, we obtained the wide viewing angle characteristics on-a-LCD. We suggest that the liquid crystal alignment effect on LCD device is very important for electro-optical characteristics.

Bacillus속의 형질전환을 위한 원형질체 형성과 재생조건에 관한 연구

黃守玹,吳昌根 건국대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.22 No.1

In order to develope transformation of Bacillus species, the eptimal condition for the formation and regeneration of proto plast were examined with Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus and B. sphaericus. Fundamental characteristics including antibiotics sensities, MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) of Tetracycline and DNA patterns were examined. Those results are as fellows: The optimal lysozyme concentration for protoplast formation were 15 mg in B. thuringiensis, 25 mg per ml in B. sphaericus. The optimal time for lysosyme treatment was early-exponential growth phase. When lysozyme treated cells were seers by phase contrast microscope. Their frequency of protoplast formation were examined as 75% from B. thuringiensis, 60% from B. cereus and 80% from B. sphaericus. Regeneration frequency were checked as 15% from B. thuringiensis, 28.5% from B. sphaericus and 91% from B. cereus. Addition of 0.5% gelatin to the regeneration medium reduced bacterial regenerations. In B. thuringiensis, MIC of tetracycline was 5 mg per ml. The number of plasmid in B. thuringiensis was 11, but B. cereus and B. sphaericus had no plasmid.

국내 건설 프로젝트의 하도급체계에서 대금불공정 거래에 대한 연구

황윤재,이창훈,윤준선,백준홍 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate Unfair Practice and Unfair-Bidding Practice of Sub-Contract System in domestic Construction Project. Even though the Sub-Contractors are very important positioned in Construction Project, Sub-Contractors have not been given fair services in Construction project. Firstly, This study investigates the Sub-contract system. Unfair Practice and bidding Practice. And then the investigated documents are rearranged for searching why Unfair-Practices spreaded in Korea and why unfair-bidding Practices were followed. The results include Unfair institutions. Law and Contractors' oppressions which should be corrected. Rearranged documents are suggested to Contractors. Sub-contractors and government for improving Fair Sub-contracts system in domestic Construction industry.

성격장애 진단준거 개발을 위한 전형성 분석

황순택,조연규,오동열,김창현,양병환 漢陽大學校 精神健康硏究 1994 精神健康硏究 Vol.13 No.-

서울지역에서의 VOCs 오염원 기여도 추정에 관한 연구

봉춘근,윤중섭,황인조,김창녕,김동술 한국대기환경학회 2003 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.19 No.4

A field study was conducted during the summer time of 2002 to determine compositions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from vehicles and to develop source emission profiles that is applied to CMB model to estimate the source contribution of certain area. Source emission profile is widely used for the estimation of source contribution by the chemical mass balance model and have to be developed applicable fur the large1 area of estimation. This study was aimed to develop source emission profile and estimation of source contribution of VOCs after application of the chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model. After considering the emission inventory and other research results for the VOCs in Seoul, Korea, the sources like vehicle emission(tunnel), gas station (gasoline, diesel), solvent usage (painting operation, dry cleaning, graphic att), and gas fuels were selected for the major VOCs sources. Furthermore, ambient air samples were simultanceusly collected from 09:00 to 11:00 for four days at eight different official air quality monitoring sites as receptors in Seoul during summer of 2001. Source samples were collected by canisters, and then about seventy volatile organic compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Based on both the developed source profiles and the database of the receptors, CMB model was intensively applied to estimate mass contribution of VOCs sources. Examining the source profile from the vehicle, the portion of alkanes of VOCs was highest, and then the portion of aromatics such toluene, m/p-xylene were followed In case of gas fuel, they have their own components: the content of butane. propane. ethane was higher than any other component according tn the fuel usage. The average of the source apportionment on VOCs for 8 sites showed that the major sources were vehicle emission and gas fuels. me vehicle emission source was revealed as having the highest contribution with an average of 49.6% and followed by solvent with 21.3%, gas fuel with 16.1%, gasoline with 13.1%.