복수로 발현된 비 IgE 매개성 호산구성 위장관염 1예

이은상,김미진,하상윤,이유민,최경은,최연호,Yi, Eun-Sang,Kim, Mi-Jin,Ha, Sang-Yun,Lee, Yoo-Min,Choi, Kyong-Eun,Choe, Yon-Ho 대한소아소화기영양학회 2011 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.14 No.2

저자들은 구토, 설사와 같은 비특이적인 증상과 복수가 발생한 13세 남아에서 말초혈액의 호산구 증가 소견이 있고 IgE는 정상범위이며, 내시경 생검상 식도, 소장, 대장 및 직장에서 특징적인 호산구 침윤 소견이 관찰되어 비 IgE 매개성 호산구성 위장관염으로 진단된 1예를 경험하였으며 스테로이드 투여로 증상 호전을 보였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disease occurring especially in children, and shows various nonspecific presentations with infiltration of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal organs. The pathophysiology of eosinophilic gastroenteritis is not yet clearly known, but allergic reactions are suspected to be related with the disease. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is categorized into the mucosal, muscularis and subserosal types based on which layer of the intestinal wall is involved. There are different clinical manifestations according to the involved layer. Most cases to date have responded well to steroid therapy. In this study, we diagnosed and treated a case of non-IgE-mediated, subserosal eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a child with abdominal pain, diarrhea and ascites.

명승과 자연자원의 보호 법적인 보장과 국민의 인식을 위하여

이은상,Lee, Eun-Sang 국립문화재연구원 1969 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.4 No.-

적절한 정맥 재혈류 시점의 판단을 위한 조직산소분압의 유효성

이은상,정종필,박승하,이병일,Lee, Eun-Sang,Choung, Jong-Pil,Park, Seung-Ha,Lee, Byung-Il 대한성형외과학회 2010 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.37 No.5

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to delineate the optimal time of venous revascularization for preventing the flap necrosis due to venous occlusion, and to clarify the usefulness of tissue oxygen pressure ($TcpO_2$) in the determination of the point of time for venous revascularization. Methods: Thirty-six, $3{\times}3\;cm$ sized epigastric island flap was elevated in left abdomen of male Sprague-Dawley rat weighing 250 gram. Flaps were randomly assigned to six groups of six flaps according to the duration of venous occlusion with microvascular clamp; 10 minutes in the group I as the control, 60 minutes in the group II, 2 hours in the group III, 3 hours in the group IV, 4 hours in the group V, and 6 hours in the group VI, respectively. Just before removal of clamp after flap was reposed in situ, the ratio of $TcpO_2$ (tissue oxygen pressure) of the island flap to that of right abdomen was calculated in each group, and tissue specimen was harvested from the distal area of the flap for histological evaluation of vascular change. Five days later, survival area of the flap was estimated, and evaluated the correlation between the tissue oxygen pressure and the rate of flap survival. Results: The $TcpO_2$ and the survival rate of flap were decreased proportionally with the duration of venous occlusion. The ratio of the $TcpO_2$ of the flap is decreased abruptly to below sixty percentile compared to the $TcpO_2$ of normal tissue, and the survived area of the flap is decreased to nine-tenth of the designed size after three hours of total venous occlusion. Histologically, the number of congested vessels was increased according to venous occluded time, and proportionally increased after 3-hours of occlusion significantly. Conclusion: There is a close correlation between the $TcpO_2$ and the survival rate of flaps according to the duration of venous occlusion. Therefore, the $TcpO_2$ represents the hemodynamic changes within the flap, and thought to be an alternative effective tool in the flap monitoring for venous revascularization.

창상치유목적의 골수기질세포 동종이식을 위한 고분자막의 조건

이은상,김명주,한승규,홍성택,김우경,Lee, Eun-Sang,Kim, Myeong-Joo,Han, Seung-Kyu,Hong, Sung-Taek,Kim, Woo-Kyung 대한성형외과학회 2010 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.37 No.5

Purpose: Major drawbacks of conventional bone marrow stromal cells (BSCs) transplantation method are mainly caused by direct transplanted cell to host cell interactions. We hypothesized that separation of the transplanted cells by a microporous membrane might inhibit most of the potential adverse effects and induce superior effect. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal condition of the microporous membrane. Methods: First, BSCs were placed in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) transwell inserts with 3, 8, or $12{\mu}m$ pore size, and cultured in 24 well culture plates. After 5 days, bottoms of the plates were observed for presence of attached BSCs in monolayer and cell numbers were evaluated. Second, BSCs were placed PET, polycarbonate (PCT), and mixed cellulose esters (MCE) transwell inserts with 3 and $8{\mu}m$ pore size, and cultured in 24 well culture plates. After 3 days, the supernatants of the media left in culture plate were analyzed for collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Third, BSCs were placed in 15% and 70% of the PET membrane with $3{\mu}m$ pore size. All the experimental conditions and methods were same as the second study. Results: The optimal pore sizes to prevent BSC leakage were $3{\mu}m$ and $8{\mu}m$. The amounts of type I collagen and three growth factors tested did not show significant differences among PET, PCT, and MCE groups. However, the collagen, VEGF, and bFGF levels were much higher in the high (70%) density group than in the low (15%) density group. Conclusion: This study revealed that the optimal pore size of membrane to prevent direct BSC to recipient cell contact is in between $3{\mu}m$ and $8{\mu}m$. Membrane materials and pore sizes do not influence the collagen and growth factor passage through the membrane. The most striking factor for collagen and growth factor transport is pore density of the membrane.

최적 연속 전해드레싱에 의한 연삭기구의 규명에 관한 연구

이은상,김정두,Lee, Eun-Sang,Kim, Jeong-Du 대한기계학회 1997 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.21 No.8

In recent years, grinding techniques for precision machining of brittle materials used in electric, optical and magnetic parts have been improved by using superabrasive wheel and precision grinding machine. The completion of optimum dressing of superabrasive wheel makes possible the effective precision grinding of brittle materials. However, the present dressing system cannot have control of optimum dressing of the superabrasive wheel. In this study, a new system and the grinding mechanism of optimum in-process electrolytic dressing were proposed. This system can carry out optimum in-process dressing of superabrasive wheel, and give very effective control according to unstable current and gap increase. Therefore, the optimum in-process electrolytic dressing is a good method to obtain the efficiency and mirror-like grinding of brittle materials.

20세기 전반(1912∼1936) 식민지 조선의 신의주화교

이은상(Lee, Eun-Sang) 중국근현대사학회 2016 중국근현대사연구 Vol.70 No.-

It is very important for us to study the overseas Chinese of northern region in the earlier of 20th century with a view to understanding the characteristics of the ones in the Colonial Korea. However we have not got a concrete study on them yet. The overseas Chinese in the Colonial Korea were composed of labourers and farmers as well as merchants, and they were more than 80,000 persons, different from those of the overseas Chinese in Japan who settled 200-300 years earlier than the overseas Chinese in the Colonial Korea, in the number of roughly 30,000 persons. In a sense it is very meaningful for us to study the overseas Chinese of northern region of the Colonial Korea for the study of the ones in the Colonial Korea. Having such a mind, this paper examined and discussed the overseas Chinese in the northern region of the Colonial Korea in the earlier of 20th century, much focused on those in Sinuiju before the Sino-Japanese War(1912-1936). Above all this study has reviewed the status of Sinuiju as a border city. Firstly Sinuiju had the importance as a trading port against China since the Yalu River Railroad Bridge between the Colonial Korea and China had been established. Secondly it was gazed as the coastal trading port or the industrial city, of the border, since state of Manju was built. Subsequently this thesis analyzed the scale and the occupational phase of the overseas Chinese in Sinuiju. Firstly they weighed important relationships with Andong(安東) as the coastal and border city, held to the side of China territory because of its geographic situation, where there was no overseas Chinese importer of fabric trades with good capital and were mainly retailers in contrast to ones of another cities. Secondly they, with the head shop of casting business and manufacturing industry of socks in Andong, had their eyes on Sinuiju to gain a foothold to the Colonial Korea, so that such businesses were prevalent. In general overseas Chinese importers of fabric trade were greatly damaged after the accident of the anti-Chinese riots arose in 1931, but the case of Sinuiju was relatively different. In contrast the trade in border and industries were so prevalent that the population of merchants and labours of the overseas Chinese increased. In the other hand socks business, having dealt with fabric manufacturer of overseas Chinese in Pyeongyang, reclined from the disaster of anti-Chinese riots. Lastly this thesis checked the network of the overseas Chinese in Sinuiju with the Chinese Chamber of Commerce as the central case of this study. We can make an affirmation of the society of overseas Chinese in Sinuiju through 23 directorial members, including persons who occupied in casting business and manufacturing industry of socks besides fabric retailers and general merchandiser, in the case of 1931, of the Chamber. And the network of the overseas Chinese began to receive a considerable affect as the case of directorial members of the Chamber changed the nationality of the Republic of China into that of the state of Manchu growed.

생존과 친일 사이 -중일전쟁 시기 신의주화교의 동향-

이은상 ( Lee Eun Sang ) 중국사학회 2017 中國史硏究 Vol.106 No.-

This paper is to research overseas Chinese of Shinuiju who met the matter of both their survival and pro-Japanese in Sino-Japanese war era. First of all it deals with the identification of overseas Chinese(Huachao). Overseas Chinse in Joseon mostly had the identification of National Government of China irrespective of their birth in China, but overseas Chinese who came to Joseon from Manjuria since had come into existence were called overseas Manjurians(Manchao). Geographically the place where overseas Manjurians lived most was Pyeonganbukdo that included Shinuiju. Men who had the identification of overseas Manjurians were favorably granted than overseas Chinese. Thus most of powerful overseas Chinese in Shinuiju changed their identification to the one of Manjuria following the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, which considerably impacted the overseas Chinese society. In sequence this research checked the aspect of the primary school for overseas Chinese and the problem of pro-Japanese. National Government of Wang Jing-wei laid stress on the education of Chinese identity and granted more subsidy for it than Nanjing National Government of China. The control of Chinese Consulate in Joseon was strengthened as the education support grant increased. The officials of the Consulate additionally held the principal of schools that were divided in three such as primary, industrial and farming school in Shinuiju, and the most of teachers were from Manjuria. The schools were used for the places for holding ceremony and mobilizing people as the control of them were strengthened by the Consulate. Allocations of contributions for pro-Japanese were `ordinarily` allocated to all overseas Chinese who included the rich of them, and such an act of pro-Japanese was not relevant to their survivals.

중화민국 시기 주조선(駐朝鮮) 영사관원의 이력과 활동 -마영발(馬永發)의 사례-

이은상 ( Lee Eun-sang ) 고려대학교 역사연구소(구 역사학연구회) 2018 사총 Vol.94 No.-

본고에서는 청말에서 중화민국에 걸쳐 조선에 파견된 영사관원의 이력과 활동을 마영발(馬永發, 마용파)을 중심으로 서술하였다. 그는 38년 동안 주조선 영사관원으로 근무하면서 그중에서 28년을 원산부영사로 재직한 독특한 이력을 갖고 있었다. 본고에서는 특히 기존 연구에서 활용되지 않은 양소권(楊紹權, 양사오취안)과 왕영진(王永晉, 왕용진)의 회고록을 같이 검토하였다. 우선, 마영발의 이력과 관련하여 그의 인적 네트워크에 주목하였다. 그는 광동(廣東) 한군기인(漢軍旗人) 출신으로 신식학당을 졸업하고 주독공사관 근무를 거쳐 1907년 조선에서 업무를 시작하였다. 이 과정에서 주독공사를 지낸 양성(楊晟, 양성), 주한총영사로 내한한 마정량(馬廷亮, 마팅량)과의 인척 관계가 중요한 작용을 하였다. 마영발은 원산부영사로 부임한 뒤 관내 화교사회의 신임을 얻었고 청국조계의 화교 토지 영대차지권(永代借地權)을 확보하는데 주도적 역할을 하였다. 둘째, 두 차례 영사관 조직 개편 과정에서 그의 활동을 구체적으로 살펴보았다. 첫 번째로 1927년 중화민국 외교부는 경비 부족을 이유로 진남포와 원산부영사관 업무를 잠정 중단하기로 결정하였지만, 마영발의 신속한 조치로 원산부영사관은 철폐 위기를 넘길 수 있었다. 두 번째로 마영발은 청진영사관 개설을 적극 제안하여 1930년 영사관 설립과 동시에 청진영사로 부임하였다. 그러나 일본측의 승인을 받지 못하자 청진영사관은 2년 뒤 원산부영사관의 지휘를 받는 판사처로 개조되었는데 이 과정에서도 마영발의 의견이 중시되었다. 마영발은 형식상으로 청진영사의 직을 유지하면서 원산부영사를 겸임하였다. 청진영사관은 결국 1936년 7월 조선군의 청진영사관 습격 사건을 계기로 폐쇄되었지만, 마영발은 이 사건에 대해 아무런 책임을 지지 않았고 원산부영사의 직도 그대로 유지하였다. 마지막으로, 중일전쟁 발발 이후 마영발을 비롯한 영사관원이 중화민국임시정부에 참여하게 된 상황을 재구성해보았다. 임시정부 참여를 주도한 경성총영사 범한생(范漢生, 판한성)은 잘 알려진 친일파였다. 범한생의 요구에 따라 총영사관에 임시정부의 오색기를 게양하는 과정에서 대부분의 영사관원은 저항했지만 끝까지 거부하지 못했다. 임시정부 참가에 반대하여 귀국한 영사관원은 중경의 국민정부에 합류하지 못하고 상해에 남아야 했고, 왕정위(汪精衛, 왕징웨이)가 상해를 접수한 이후 또 다른 선택의 기로에 서게 되었다. 마영발은 임시정부와 왕정위국민정부에서 신의주영사, 경성총영사를 역임한 뒤 전쟁이 종결되기 1년 전에 귀국하였다. 종전 이후 조선에 남아있던 영사관원은 거의 대부분 ‘한간’으로 소환되어 재판을 받았지만 그는 이러한 상황도 피해갈 수 있었다. 그의 독특한 이력과 활동은 중국, 러시아와 국경을 접하고 있는 식민지조선의 특수한 상황 하에서 가능하였다. This paper examines the career and activities of consular officer focusing on Ma Yongfa dispatched to the Colonial Chosun during the period of the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. In particular, the memoirs of Yang Shaoquan and Wang Yongjin which were not in previous studies are analyzed. Firstly, I review the career of Ma Yongfa. It was important for him to make a relationship with Yang Sheng serving as a minister in Germany and Ma Tingliang appointed as the consul general of Korean Empire. Secondly, I deeply examine the activities of him related to the processes of reorganizing the consulate. He solved the crisis of the abolishment of the vice-consulate in Wonsan in 1927. After that, the establishment of the consulate in Cheongjin were suggested and the first consul in Cheongjin appointed in 1930. Lastly, after the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, I try to reconstruct the situations in which the consular officers including him participating in the pro-Japanese Provisional Government of ROC. He came back home in 1944 after the services of the consul of Sinuiju and also the consul general of Kyungsung under the Provisional Government of ROC and Nanjing Nationalist Government of Wang Jingwei. Since the end of the war, most of the consular officers were punished as pro-Japanese. However, he was able to avoid such a punishment. The unique career and activities of him as the official of consulate for 38 years were possible due to the special circumstances of the Colonial Chosun bordering China and Russia.

청일전쟁 이후 ‘청국차관’(淸國借款) 상환 안건 연구

이은상(Lee Eun-sang) 중국근현대사학회 2020 중국근현대사연구 Vol.88 No.-

This paper examines the issue of repayment of Chinese loans to Chosun Dynasty and its meaning. Firstly, I review at three loans provided by Qing Dynasty to Chosun Dynasty: The loan of China Merchants Steam Navigation Company(CMC), The loan of Imperial Chinese Telegraph Administration (ITA), The loan of Tong Shun Tai. Secondly, I analyse the process of solving the issue of Ma Ting-liang, Consul General of Late Qing Dynasty in Korea. Even after the Sino-Japanese war, this issue could not be solved, but came to a new phase when he was dispatched to Korea. At that time, the Japanese Resident-General was promoting the Korean government"s financial arrangements. He took advantage of this situation and requested the Resident-General to resolve the loan issue. Eventually, after consultation with him and the Resident-General, the Korean government paid 350,000 Japanese won in repayment to Qing Dynasty, and the loan problem was solved. Finally, I examine the meaning of resolution of the loan issue. After the war, Japan promoted the policy of providing a loan to Chosun, that was closely related to the Chinese loans. The Korean government was also aware of this situation, but the loan was not repaid because of the political change. In the process of controlling the Korean customs and transferring its income to the national treasury, the Resident-General needed to repay the Chinese loans. Ma Ting-liang have pinpointed this situation and achieved results by proactively raising the “forgotten” issue to Resident-General.

Pad 마모와 wafer final polishing의 가공표면에 관한 연구

이은상(Eun-Sang Lee),원종구(Jong-Koo Won),이정택(Jung-Taik Lee) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.4