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Comparison between GnRH Antagonist and Agonist Long Protocols in Poor Responders
최지영,구승엽,김훈,지병철,서창석,김석현,최영민,김정구,문신용,Choi, Ji-Young,Ku, Seung-Yup,Kim, Hoon,Jee, Byung-Chul,Suh, Chang-Suk,Kim, Seok-Hyun,Choi, Young-Min,Kim, Jung-Gu,Moon, Shin-Yong The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2010 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.37 No.3
목 적: 본 후향적 연구는 성선자극호르몬분비호르몬 작용제 (gonadotropin-releasing hormone [GnRH] agonist)와 길항제 (GnRH antagonist) 치료를 받은 불량반응군의 결과를 비교, 분석하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 총 172회의 체외수정시술 주기에서 GnRH agonist 또는 antagonist protocol로 과배란유도를 시행받고 채취된 난자의 수가 5개 이하인 불량반응군을 대상군으로 하였다. 난포 및 채취된 난자의 수, 수정률 등의 결과를 두 군 간에 비교하였다. 결 과: GnRH agonist long protocol과 antagonist protocol 두 군 간에 난포 및 난자의 수와 수정률은 차이를 보이지 아니하였다. 반면, 과배란유도 제7/8일의 혈중 $E_2$ 농도는 GnRH antagonist군에서 더 높았던 반면, 사용한 평균 성선자극호르몬의 용량은 유의하게 적고 과배란유도 기간은 짧은 것을 확인할 수 있었다 (각각 p<0.01). 결 론: 불량 반응군에서 GnRH agonist long protocol에 비하여 GnRH antagonist protocol의 경우 노력이 상대적으로 적게 필요한 반면 비슷한 임상적 결과를 고려할 때, GnRH antagonist protocol이 상대적으로 우수한 것으로 생각된다. Objective: The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes of gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and GnRH antagonist protocols in poor responders. Methods: A total of 172 cycles in subjects with less than 5 oocytes retrieved treated with either GnRH agonist long protocols or antagonist protocols were included. The outcome variables such as numbers of growing follicles and retrieved oocytes, and the fertilization rate were evaluated as the main outcome measures. Results: There was no difference in regard to the numbers of growing follicles and oocytes, and fertilization rate between the two groups. $E_2$ level on Day 7/8, mean gonadotropin dose, and the days of stimulation were shown to be statistically different (p<0.01, respectively). Conclusion: Considering that similar results were observed with less time and gonadotropin dose, GnRH antagonist protocol may be considered as a preferable choice over GnRH agonist protocols in poor responders.
철분과 운동이 흰쥐의 헴 생합성과 지질 대사에 미치는 영향
최지영(Jee-Young Choi),김혜영(Hye-Young P. Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2005 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.34 No.5
본 연구는 식이 철과 운동이 흰쥐의 헴 생합성과 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 수행되었다. 쥐는 식이 철의 수준에 따라 철결핍군(Fe^-, 5 ppm)과 철 충분군(Fe^+, 50 ppm)으로 나누고 규칙적인 운동 여부에 따라 운동군과 대조군으로 나누었다. 실험 식이의 공급과 운동을 시킨 기간은 8주였으며, 운동군은 경사 6도에서 28 m/min의 속도로 1회 30분씩 일주일에 5회씩 트레이드밀 운동을 시켰다. 그 결과 흰쥐의 헴 생합성 정도는 운동을 한 군에서 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 운동은 또한 체중 증가량을 낮추고, 부고환지방량을 감소시켰으며, 혈중 중성지방과 콜레스테롤 수치를 낮추고 HDL-콜레스테롤의 수치를 증가시켰다. 한편, 식이 철의 부족은 헤마토크리트와 헤모글로빈 농도를 감소시켰으며, 간 콜레스테롤의 축적을 증가시켰다. 앞으로 인체를 대상으로 철분 수준이 다른 상태에서의 운동이 헴의 생합성, 지질대사 및 젖산 농도 등에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구가 더 많이 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary iron and exercise on heme biosynthesis and lipid metabolism of rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups according to dietary iron supplement (Fe^-, 5 ppm vs. Fe^+, 50 ppm) and exercise status (control vs. exercise). The experiment continued for 8 weeks. Regular treadmill exercise (6°, 28 m/min, 30 min duration, 5 days/week) was given to exercise groups. The aminole- vulinate dehydrase activity of red blood cell, the marker of heme biosynthesis, was significantly increased in the exercise group. Regular aerobic exercise reduced body weight and epidydimal fat pad gain. Regular exercise also significantly decreased the plasma triglyceride, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol of the rats. Meanwhile, the iron deficiency decreased the hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration and increased the accumulation of liver cholesterol.
김혜영 ( Hye Young P. Kim ),최지영 ( Jee Young Choi ) 한국운동영양학회 2004 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.8 No.2
This study was performed to investigate the changes in immune status of rats by dietary iron and regular exercise. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were divided into 4 groups by dietary iron (Fe^(-), 5 ppm Fe vs. Fe^(+), 50 ppm Fe) and exercise (control vs. exercise). Rats were given experimental diets for 8 weeks. Regular treadmill exercise (6˚, 28 m/ min, 30 minutes duration) was given to exercise groups 5 days per week for 8 weeks. Iron deficient rats decreased hematocrit (47.5% vs. 39.8%) and hemoglobin concentration (16.0 g/dl vs. 12.3 g/dl) compared to iron sufficient rats and were in a marginal marginally iron-deficient-anemic status. Immunoglobulin(Ig) A level was significantly increased by regular exercise. IgG level was also significantly increased by regular exercise in Fe^(+) group, but was decreased in Fe^(-) group. Spleen cell proliferation by Con A stimulation showed an increasing tendency in exercising Fe^(+) group, but significant difference was not found. IL-2 concentration showed an increasing tendency with regular exercise, but statistical difference was not found. IL-2 and IFNy were not significantly affected by dietary iron level of this study. It is likely that regular exercise significantly increases plasma Ig A and sufficient supply of dietary iron is necessary for the enhancement of immune response with regular exercise.
630 nm Light Emitting Diode 조사가 인체섬유모세포의Caveolin-1과 전구콜라겐 I/III의 발현에 미친 영향
최다인 ( Da In Choi ),최지영 ( Jee Young Choi ),김상엽 ( Sang Yub Kim ),윤숙정 ( Suk Jung Yun ),이지범 ( Jee Bum Lee ),이승철 ( Seung Chul Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회지 Vol.52 No.3
Background: Recent studies indicate that light-emitting diodes (LED) may represent a novel and effective anti-aginglight source for the skin. Among many candidate molecules known to control collagens, caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is knownto play an inhibitory role in cutaneous collagen metabolism. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LED irradiation on the expression levels of Cav-1 andprocollagens (proCOLs) in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Methods: Cultured HDFs were irradiated with 630 nm LED at different doses, and the mRNA and proteinexpression levels of Cav-1 and proCOLs I/III were analyzed. Results: In LED-irradiated HDFs, mRNA and protein levels of Cav-1 were found to be down-regulated, whereasthose of proCOLs I/III were up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner. A negative correlation between Cav-1 andproCOLs was verified in Cav-1 siRNA transfected HDFs. LED was moreover found to result in up-regulation oftransforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and its receptors (TβRI, TβRII), SMAD1, and SMAD2 mRNA levels,indicating that LED may activate the TGF-1/TβR/SMAD pathway in HDFs. Conclusion: The anti-aging effects of 630 nm LED on human skin are likely mediated by up-regulation of proCOLsI/III and inhibition of Cav-1 expression levels in HDFs.
김성걸(Seong Gul Kim),최지영(Jee Young Choi),임의혁(Euyi Hyeog Im),김진희(Jin Hee Kim),육은주(Eun Ju Yook),김병호(Byeong Ho Kim),성자원(Ja Won Sung),김남재(Nam Jae Kim),정현용(Hyun Yong Jeong),이헌영(Heon Young Lee),김영건(Young Kun 대한소화기학회 1995 대한소화기학회지 Vol.27 No.2
Primary small intestinal lymphomas are a hetorogenous group of tumors ortginating from the lymphoid cells of the mucosa and submucosa of the small bowel. The ileum and jejunum are most frequently affected, whereas duodenal involvement is less common. There is a himodal age distribution with peak incidences below the age of 10 and in the fifth and sixth decados, with a slight male prodominance. And it is very difficult to diagnose until the dovelopment of any complications such as obstruction, perforation ancl hemorrahage because of the insidious onset of disense and relative inaccuracy of the diagnostic tools as in all the small bowel tumor. Optimal treatment choices for lymphoma remain controversial. Surgical resection, in many cases, is considered the first line of defense. Primary malignant lymphoma of the small intestine has poorer prognosis due to the delay of the diagnosis than any other extra-intestinal malignancy, but has the better prognosis than any other small intestinal malignancy. The histologic type, the extent of the intestinal disease, and the prosence or absence of extraintestinal involvement are the important factors in prognosis. Patients with resectable disease typically have a 40/r, to 507r, S-year survival. Recently the authers diagnosed the primary small intestinal lymphoma associated with a large amount of bleeding confirmed by intraoperative biopsy. So we report this case with the review ot literatures. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1995;27:251-255)
전근 ( Gen Quan ),박미선 ( Mei Shan Piao ),최지영 ( Jee Young Choi ),전지선 ( Ji Sun Chun ),이지범 ( Jee Bum Lee ),이승철 ( Seung Chul Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2008 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.46 No.6
Background: Although the pathogenesis of vitiligo isn`t fully understood, a recent study demonstrates that oxidative stress plays an important role to induce vitiligo. Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is a novel peroxidase family to remove hydrogen peroxide using thioredoxin system, which is consisted of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and NADPH. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the change of expression of Prx I to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Methods: Sample specimens were obtained from the lesional skin of vitiligo patients, and non-depigmented skin was obtained from the perilesional area as control samples. The skin samples were immediately frozen using liquid nitrogen, and then section samples were prepared to perform immunohistochemical staining with antibodies for Prx I. Some of the skin biopsy samples were used for primary culture of keratinocytes. Protein extracts from the expanded keratinocytes were prepared for Western blot analysis of Prx I. Results: In vitiligo, the ubiquitous expression of Prx I in all layers of epidermis, which was also observed in the normal perilesional skin, was reduced in the depigmented lesion of vitiligo patients. The reduction of Prx I was remarkable from the lesions which were exposed to sunlight. Consistently, Prx I expression from the lesional keratinocytes were noticeably reduced in comparison with that from perilesional keratinocytes. Conclusion: Our results showing that Prx I is impaired in the epidermis of depigmented lesions of vitiligo patients suggest that oxidative stress is an important factor to induce vitiligo. (Korean J Dermatol 2008;46(6):736∼741)