고염 원시박테리아(Halococcus agglomeratus)에 존재하는 TPx 분리 및 생화학적 특성연구

최용수,차미경,김일한,Choi, Yong-Soo,Cha, Mee-Kyung,Kim, Il-Han 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 自然科學論文集 Vol.14 No.2

고염에서 자라는 원시 박테리아인 Halococcus agglomeratus에서 Thiol-specific antioxidant 활성을 보이는 분자량이 22-kDa인 향산화 단백질을 순수 분리 정제하여 향산화 활성의 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 진핵 세포의 Thiol-specific antioxidant protein (TSA of TPx)과 유사한 활성을 갖는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 정제된 Thiol-specific antioxidant protein 은 환원제로 thiol 성분을 갖는 비효소적 금속 촉매 산화계( $Fe^{3+}$, $O^2$, DTT 또는 2-mercatoethanol : thiol- MCO system)에 의하여 Glutamine Synthetase (GS)의 불활성화를 방어하고 Ascorbate 같은 nonthiol 성환원제를 갖는 금속 촉매 산화계 ( $Fe^{3+}$, $O^2$, Ascorbatenol: nonthiol- MCO system)에 의해서는 GS의 불활성화를 방어하지 못하였다. 이것은 환원형 thiol성분이 항산화 단백질의 항산화 활성에 전자 공여체로 요구되어 지기 때문이라고 판단된다. 이 단백질은 다른 TPx와는 다르게 100%의 활성을 나타내려면 NaCl의 농도가 500mM이상이 되어야 한다. 이상의 결과는 원시 박테리아에도 TPx가 존재하여 활성 산소종을 제거하는 생화학적 역할을 수행함을 시사하고 있다. A thiol-specific antioxidant protein (TSA or TPx) was purified from Halophilic archeabacteria Halococcus agglomeratus, by DEAE-Cellulose, Phnyl, sepharose, Sephadex G-75, Sephacryl S-100, Sephacryl S-200, and Q-Wepharose FF. This protein exhibited the preventeive effect against the inactivation of glutamine synthehase (GS) activity was support by a thiol-reducing equicalent such as dithiothreitol. TPx activity was maximal at NaCl concentration above 500mM. The molecular mass of the protein was determinated to be 22-kDa by SDS-PAGE. The TPx purified from Halococcus agglomeratus seems to be similar to other TPx family, except for the salt requirement for the maximal antioxidant activity.

Morphometric Characterization of Newly Defined Subspecies Apis cerana koreana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the Republic of Korea

최용수,올가프런제,김정은,김동원,강은진,김경문,박보선,Yong-Soo, Choi,Olga, Frunze,Jung-Eun, Kim,Dongwon, Kim,Eun-Jin, Kang,Kyungmun, Kim,Bo-Sun, Park Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2022 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.61 No.3

There has been much debate on the morphometric divergence between the recently identified Apis cerana koreana and Apis cerana honey bees. The aim of this study was to obtain phenotypic information that can be used to compare A. c. koreana data with other A. cerana subspecies data from open resources and determine breeding results on the basis of morphometric traits. To differentiate A. c. koreana, we investigated 22 classic morphological characteristics; royal jelly secretion; and the weight of workers, queens, and drones of A. c. koreana bred in Korea. To define the selection results, we used the geometric morphometric method. The artificially selected A. c. koreana secreted significantly more royal jelly (1.18 times) than the naturally selected A. c. koreana, which positively influenced the health of the colonies. These honey bees were identified more clearly with the geometric morphometric method than with the classic morphometric method, which is traditionally used to determine the subspecies. Large trends were noted for A. c. koreana on the basis of our results and literature from the 1980s regarding A. cerana sizes in Korea (tarsal index, length of forewing, and cubital index were measured). The cluster analysis revealed the proximity of A. c. koreana, A. cerana in China, and A. c. indica on the basis of eight classic characters, which, perhaps, relay the origin of the honey bees. The results of this study defined the morphometric responses of A. c. koreana honey bees to geographic isolation, climate change, and selection, which are important to identify, protect, and preserve honey bee stock in Korea.

4 kbps PSI-VSELP 음성 부호화 알고리듬

최용수,강홍구,박상욱,윤대희,Choi, Yong-Soo,Kang, Hong-Goo,Park, Sang-Wook,Youn, Dae-Hee 한국음향학회 1996 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.15 No.6

본 논문에서는 기존의 4.8 kbps VSELP에 상응하는 음질을 갖는 4 kbps PSI-VSELP(Pitch Synchrononus Innovation-Vector Sum Excited Linear Prediction) 음성 부호화기를 제안한다. 'Half-rate'는 4kbps 내외에서 지역에 따라 다소 차이가 있으므로 기존의 half-rate 부호화기를 사용하기 위해서는 비트율을 감소시킬 필요가 생긴다. 이때, 비트율 감소에 따른 성능저하를 최소화하기 위해서는 전송 변수가 부호화기의 성능에 미치는 영향을 고려하여 비트 할당을 결정하는 것이 바람직하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 접근 방식으로 비트율 감소 연구를 수행한 후, 제안된 부호화기에 대한 4 kbps 비트 할당을 결정한다. VSELP 부호화기의 음질 향상을 위해서, 성능에 가장 중요한 영향을 미치는 기저 벡터는 반복 폐회로 훈련 과정을 통해 최적화하며, PSI 기법을 VSELP 부호화기에 도입한다. 제안된 음성 부호화기의 성능을 평가하기 위해 배경 잡음과 채널 에러가 없는 환경에서 실험을 하였다. 실험 결과, 제안된 4 kbps PSI-VSELP는 4.8 kbps VSELP에 비해 객관적 음질은 낮았지만, 주과적 음질은 더 높게 나타났다. This paper proposes a 4 kbps PSI-VSELP(Pitch Synchronous Innovation-Vector Sum Excited Linear Prediction) speech coder which produces speech equivalent to that of the conventional 4.8 kbps VSELP. Since the 'half-rate' is differently defined from country to country, there may be a need to reduce the bit rate of conventional half-rate coder. To minimize the degradation of speech quality caused by bit-rate reduction, it is desirable to perform bit-allocation based on the carefull consideration of the effect of various transmission parameters. This paper adopts this analytical approach for bit-allocation at 4 kbps. To improve the quality of the VSELP coder at 4 kbps, basis vectors which play the most important role in the performance, are optimized by an iterative closed-loop training process and the PSI technique is employed in the VSELP performance, are optimized by an iterative closed-loop training process and the PSI technique is employed in the VSELP coder. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed speech coder, we peformed experiments under the noiseless and error free conditions. From experimental results, even though the proposed 4 kbps PSI-VSELP coder showed lower scores in the objective measure, higher scores in subjective measure was obtained compared with those of the conventional 4.8 kbps VSELp.

Minus-strand-specific RT-PCR에 의한 Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus(CBPV) 진단

최용수(Yong Soo Choi),김혜경(Hye Kyung Kim),이명렬(Myeong Lyeol Lee),이만영(Man Young Lee),이광길(Kwang Gill Lee) 한국양봉학회 2008 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

Viruses of the honeybee, Apis mellifera L. are known to reside at low levels in colonies, typically showing no apparent signs of infection. Chronic paralysis virus (CBPV) is known to induce significant losses in honey bee colonies. The pathology is characterized by clusters of trembling, flightless, crawling bees and by individual bees, sometimes hairless, standing at the hive entrance. A minus-strand-specific RT-PCR was used to assess viral replication. This is the first report on the infection of CBPV in Korea. Using (-) RTPCR, 27 apiaries in korea were screened for the honeybee viruses, with positive colonies being analysed for viral genetic diversity. We got PCR product of two different size using two different primer from CBPV RNA1. PCR product size is 570-nt (AM-CBPV1-1). Nucleotide sequences were aligned to the complete CBPV RNA1 sequence deposited in the GenBank database and were revealed 96.84%(AM-CBPV identity, respectively. Amino acid were aligned to the CBPV RNA1 sequence deposited in GenBank database and were revealed 95.26% identity, respectively. Sequence comparison with other CBPV and honeybee virus.

R&D지원을 위한 3PR 모바일 정보 시스템의 사용성 분석

최용수(Choi, Yong Soo),김승인(Kim, Seung In),이병희(Lee, Byeong Hee),배장은(Bae, Jang Eun),이혜민(Lee, Hye Min) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2014 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 연구자들을 위한 3PR의 4종 콘텐츠가 융·복합된 R&D 정보의 의미기반 검색 기술을 적용한 ‘R&D Navigator" 모바일 앱 서비스의 사용성 평가 및 분석에 관한 연구이다. 연구 결과를 토대로 ‘R&D Navigator" 모바일 앱 서비스의 사용자 경험 향상에 필요한 사항을 도출하고, 서비스를 고도화 하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 1차로 문헌연구를 통해 이론적인 토대를 구축하고, 2차로 실험 집단을 구성하여 ’R&D Navigator" 모바일 앱 서비스의 수용도 및 사용성 평가를 진행 하였다. 수용도 및 사용성 평가를 위해 진행 8단계를 설정한 뒤 설문조사와 시선추적 장치를 활용하여 수행과정을 관찰 및 기록을 하였고, 피 실험자의 인지모델을 파악하기 위한 보조 수단으로 씽크 얼라우드기법 활용과 디자인 선호도 조사를 병행하였다. 이 같은 복합적인 수용도 조사와 사용성 평가 및 분석을 통해 ‘R&D Navigator" 모바일 앱 서비스의 사용자 경험 향상에 필요한 사항들을 제언하였다. 본 연구는 ‘R&D Navigator’ 모바일 앱 서비스의 사용성 평가에 대한 결과를 분석하고, 이를 반영하여 서비스효율성 향상과 사용자 편의 제공을 통해 연구자들을 위한 R&D 연구지원을 조성하는데 의의가 있다. ‘R&D Navigator’ 모바일 앱 서비스는 상용화되기 위한 단계로 향후 후속과제 연구를 통해 보다 개선된 서비스를 마련할 수 있을 것으로 예측되며, 지속적인 개발과 연구를 통해 연구자들에게 적합한 형태의 정보를 제공하는 국가 R&D 정보 융? 복합 시스템 서비스 구축이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. This study provides usability analysis through testing ‘R&D Navigator’ mobile app service, R&D data search technology in which 3PR (Paper, Project, Patent, Report) contents have been incorporated. Research findings would help to preliminarily identify ‘R&D Navigator" user’s needs and improve its service quality. Through a primary research we were able to build up a theoretical framework; and by organizing a focus group conducted an adaptability and usability test on the ’R&D Navigator" mobile app service. There were eight steps set up for the test. We conducted a questionnaire and observed through an eye tracker to record the behavior of the participants. We also use ‘Think Aloud’ technique as an assistant tool to identify the recognition model of the participants along with design preference test. The comprehensive adaptability and usability test analysis can suggest potential market needs to increase ‘R&D Navigator" mobile app service use. In summary, the study is of significance to implement the research findings in practice and provide efficient and user-friendly service in support of research development. For commercialization of ‘R&D Navigator’ mobile app and better service follow up study should be conducted. Also through constant research development it is expected to establish the national R&D data integration system for users to have access to adequate information.

꿀벌(Apis mellifera), 화분(Pollen) 및 꿀(Honey)에서 꿀벌 바이러스의 진단

최용수(Yong-Soo Choi),이명렬(Myeong-Lyeol Lee),이만영(Man-Young Lee),김혜경(Hye-Kyung Kim),이광길(Kwang-Gill Lee) 한국양봉학회 2008 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

The most crucial stage in the dynamics of virus infections is the mode of virus transmission. In general, transmission of viruses can occur through food In horizontal transmission, viruses are transmitted among individuals of the same generation, while vertical transmission occurs from mothers to their offspring. Because of its highly organized social structure and crowded population density, the honey bee colony represents a risky environment for the spread of disease infection. For the present study, the transmission of viruses from the bee, pollen, and honey to the transmission cycle was investigated in the same colony. Using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), we examined bee, pollen and honey for presence of viruses. Additionally, we examined the bee, pollen, and honey associated with each sample for the presence of viruses in an attempt to prove transmission. W’ve out of seven bee viruses were detected in samples collected from Korea. In samples, viruses were found at least five viruses (DWV, IAPV, CBPV, SBV, BQCV) of the apiaries. In this research, we explore the knowledge about the honey bee viruses and transmission routes of bee viruses.

Anti-apoptotic effect of 30K protein from silkworm hemolymph on human articular chondrocyte

Yong-Soo Choi(최용수),Sang Min Lim(임상민),Hyun Chong Shin(신현종),Hye Jin Hong(홍혜진),Chang Woo Lee(이창우),Tai Hyun Park(박태현),Dong-Il Kim(김동일) 한국생물공학회 2004 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.4

국내 꿀벌에서의 바이러스진단 및 질병발생 현황 조사

최용수(Yong-Soo Choi),이명렬(Myeong-Lyeol Lee),이만영(Man-Young Lee),이광길(Kwang-Gill Lee) 한국양봉학회 2008 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

Mortality of honeybees is a serious problem that beekeepers have to face periodically in Korea and worldwide. The presence of RNA viruses, in addition to other pathogens may be one of its possible causes. In this work, we detected Deformed wing virus (DWV), Israle Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV), Black queen cell virus (BQCV), Cloudy wing virus (CWV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), Sacbrood virus (SBV), Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) in samples of korea honeybees with or without Varroa destructor and Nosema apis. The detection of viruses in all provinces, simultaneous co-infection of colonies by several viruses and the fact that 96.3% of the samples were infected with one or more virus, indicates they are widely spread in the region. Using uniplex and multiplex RT-PCR we screened honey bee colonies for the presence of several bee viruses, including DWV, IAPV, BQCV, KBV, CWV, and described the detection of mixed virus infections in bees from these colonies. Also, average spore number of Nosema apis was confirmed by 30,029 spores per 1 worker bee, and 128,750 spores were confirmed in Anseong that is 1,200, maximum place of infection in Gangneung that is lowest occurrence area. Average infection rate of chalk brood was 27.03%, and Cheorwon that is lowest infection area is 2.3% and Suncheon that is maximum infection area was 71.9%. Conclusively, investigated disease of the bee, and confirmed new virus that lead to bee disease, this is thought by valuable thing as data for development of beekeeping industry such as CCD (Colony Collapse Disorder)’s cause searching examination.

국내 최초 서양뒤영벌(Bombus terriestris)에서의 Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) 진단

최용수(Yong Soo Choi),이명렬(Myeong Lyeol Lee),이만영(Man Young Lee),김혜경(Hye Kyung Kim),이광길(Kwang Gill Lee),이경용(Kyrong Yong Lee),윤형주(Hyung Joo Yoon) 한국양봉학회 2009 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

Deformed wing virus (DWV) of honeybees (Apis mellifera) is closely associated with characteristic wing deformities, abdominal bloating, paralysis, and rapid mortality of emerging adult bees. Here, we report for the first time the occurrence of DWV-infected bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). The detection of DWV virus from the adults, pupae and larvae to the infection cycle was investigated in a bumblebee colony. Using specific RT-PCR protocols for the detection of DWV followed by sequencing of the PCR products demonstrates that the bumblebees were indeed infected with DWV. The virus was detect-ed from diseased insects, and its partial DWV gene was cloned and sequenced. The partial DWV gene encoding the polyprotein is 711-nt of 235 amino acid residues. The deduced nucleotide sequence of the polyprotein partial gene of B. terrestris DWV showed 96.2~96.9% homologyies to other structure polyprotein partial genes of DWV. Phylogenetic analysis further conformed that the deduced nucleotide sequence of the polyprotein partial gene of DWV divided to the outside tree. We first describe the presence of DWV from bumblebee (B. terrestris) in Korea.

고품질 수벌 산물의 개발

최용수(Yong-Soo Choi),이명렬(Myeong-Lyeol Lee),이만영(Man-Young Lee),김혜경(Hye-Kyung Kim),이광길(Kwang-Gill Lee),여주홍(Joo-Hong Yeo),우순옥(Soon-Ok Woo) 한국양봉학회 2009 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

The traditional use of insects as food continues to be widespread in tropical and subtropical countries and to provide significant nutritional, economic and ecological benefits for rural communities. Specially, Bee brood serves as a food source to humans in many countries although limited data exists concerning its nutrient composition. Bee brood (pupa and larvae) were analyzed for Carbohydrate, Saturated fatty acid, Cholesterol, protein, fat, fiber, minerals, and vitamins. Bee brood was high in protein (46.4~46.73%), fat (18.84~20.75%), carbohydrate (24.66~35.79%), Folic acid (222.30㎍/100g), and vitamins. Differentially, folic acid had been contained by high density in pupa of drone. While low in iron, bee brood was a good source of folic acid, and carbohydrate. The fat was composed mostly of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. The present data suggest bee brood to be an excellent source of many valuable nutrients including energy, amino acids, many essential minerals, and B-vitamins. These data suggest bee brood could be a valuable source of nutrients to various populations.