감성돔에 기생한 Amyloodinium sp. 의 성상에 관한 연구

지보영(Bo Young Ji),김기홍(Ki Hong Kim),박수일(Soo Il Park) 한국어병학회 1998 한국어병학회지 Vol.11 No.1

To know the features of Amyloodinium sp. parasitized in Black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, morphology and reproduction type of the parasite were investigated. Infection mode and histopathology of the parasites were also studied. In the developmental and morphological observation, the parasite passed through parasitic and non-parasitic phases with three developmental stages termed trophont, tomont, and dinospore. The trophont, 30-80 ㎛ ovoidal or pyriform, for the vegetative stage had a spherical nucleus with 1.5 ㎛ in diameter, many food vacuoles and starch grains in cytoplasm. The tomont, 80-90 ㎛ spherical, for the reproductive stage resorbed a stalk, secreted a cyst wall and reproduced within it. A dinospore, small 10-15 ㎛ biflagellated, for the infestation stage had a stigma. The parasite was propagated for 15 days by serial passage in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) at 25 ±1℃. Trophonts began to detach from the fish about 3 days after infection and was completed within 5 days at 25 ±1℃. It took from 3 to 5 days to reproduce at the same temperature. Reinfected fish showed that parasites penetrated under the epithelia of gill filament and gill lamellae causing hyperplasia and degeneration at infected area.

Aeromonas hydrophila 에 대한 비단잉어의 면역반응과 수산약제의 영향

지보영(Bo Young Ji),박수일(Soo Il Park) 한국어병학회 1992 한국어병학회지 Vol.5 No.2

This study was carried out in order to investigate the immunosuppressive factor and immune response of color carp. The protection and serum antibody production of juvenile color carp aganist Aeromonas hydrophila were investigated on the effect of temperature differences and injected several aquatic drugs, i.e. Hydrocortisone, Oxytetracycline, Chloramphenicol and Ascorbic acid. The fish were injected intraperitoneally with 1㎎/fish of HKC and FKC at three different temperature conditions as 16℃, 24℃, and 32℃ respectively. There were induced better protection and serum antibody production in the fish which had been kept at 24℃ than in the fish which had been kept at 16℃ and 32℃. The FKC immunized fish were followed 24 hrs later with intraperitoneal injection of 40㎎/㎏ body weight of Hydrocortisone, 60㎎/㎏ body weight of Oxytetracycline. 60㎎/㎏ body weight of Chloramphenicol and 30㎎/㎏ body weight of Ascorbic acid, respectively. The control fish were injected PBS only. The fish given the above aquatic drugs reduced serum antibody production level and protection rate when compared to control fish. As the results, immune response of juvenile color carp immunized FKC at 24℃ was more effective than 16℃ or 32℃ and immune response of juvenile color carp injected several aquatic drugs which was seemed to be immunosuppressive factor.

저수온 약식 넙치 Paralichthys olivaceus 의 Cryptocaryoniasis

지보영(Bo Young Ji),김기홍(Ki Hong Kim),박수일(Soo Il Park) 한국어병학회 1997 한국어병학회지 Vol.10 No.2

In the winter of 1995, mass mortality occurred in cultured flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in Gurongpo, Kyoungbuk, Korea. From the observations of moribund and dead fish, parasitic ciliates, which were shown as white spots to the naked eye, were considered to be involved in the mass mortality. From heavily infected flounders, histopathological, morphological and biological characterization of these ciliates were carried out. In the histological observation, many ciliates were found under the epithelia of gill filaments and skin, and caused hyperplasia of epithelial and mucus cells at the infected areas. The ciliates found on the body surface, fins and gills were very similar to Cryptocaryon irritans. However the ciliates showed two different patterns of reproductian, i.e., typical form(palintomy)and atypical form(budding plus multiple fission) at 16℃ of water temperature. The occurrence ratio between typical and atypical form was about 3:2. Tomitogenesis takes 8-14 days in the typical and 13-15 days in the atypical form. In the viability test at different temperatures and salinities, the typical form died below 30‰ at 12℃, below 20‰ at 16℃, below 15‰ at 20℃, and below 25‰ at 24℃, respectively. On the other hand, the atypical form died below 20‰ at 12℃, below 15‰ at 16-20℃, and below 25‰ at 24℃, respectively. The results suggested that the atypical has better viability at low salinity than that of the typical at low temperatures. In the excystment time and success rates of excystment according to temperatures, the typical form showed 8 days, 30% at 12℃ : 6.5 days, 50%, at 16℃ : 5.5 days, 75% at 20℃ : and 7 days, 10% at 24℃, respectively. On the other hand, the atypical form showed 15.5 days at 12℃ : 14 days, 76.6% at 16℃ : 12 days, 72.2% at 20℃ : 10 days 31.6% at 24℃, respectively. The results suggested that the atypical form had longer excystment time than that of the typical form at any temperature and showed better stability at low temperatures.

담수산 백점충(Ichthyophthirius multifiliis)에 관한 연구 II. 백점충의 인위 감염 및 어체내 충체 발달상

지보영,김기홍,박수일,김이청,Ji, Bo-Young,Kim, Ki-Hong,Park, Soo-Il,Kim, Yi-Cheong 한국어병학회 1998 한국어병학회지 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구는 내수면 양식 어류에 백점충, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis를 인위 감염시켜 감염 특성 및 어체내 충체 발달상을 밝히고자 하였다. 어종별(무지개 송어, 메기, 이스라엘 잉어), 수온별($15^{\circ}C$, $18^{\circ}C$, $21^{\circ}C$) 및 충체 발달 단계별(trophont, protomont, theront) 인위 감염 시험 결과, 어종별로는 무지개 송어 시험구에서, 수온별로는 $18^{\circ}C$ 시험구에서 그리고 충체 발달 단계별로는 theront 시험구에서 양성적인 인위 감염을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 theront 농도별에 있어서는 어체당 1000개체의 theront가 감염을 양성적으로 유도할 수 있는 것으로 조사되었으며 어체당 1500개체 이상의 theront는 무지개 송어치어에 100%의 감염을 유도하였다. 수온 $18^{\circ}C$의 인위 감염된 무지개 송어에서 7일 동안 어체내 충체의 발달 과정을 조사한 결과, 충체는 시간이 경과함에 따라 연속적인 발달을 행하여 크기가 증대되었으며 감염 3일째부터는 성숙되는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 총체의 형태학적 변화는 감염 2일째에는 구부장치가 기능적으로 발달하기 시작한 것을 볼 수 있었고, 감염 4일째부터는 수축포가 현저히 발달되기 시작하였으며 감염 6일째는 이들의 수가 현저히 증가한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 감염 기간이 경과함에 따라 충체는 숙주의 아가미 일차 새변의 입새 동맥쪽으로 이동하는 경향을 나타내었다. Concerned to the lyfe cycle of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, the experimental infection and development of the parasites were studied in the several freshwater cultured fishes. Opitimum conditions for the propagation of the parasite by serial passage with the rainbow trout fry was observed. Visiable white spots were examined in the body surface, fins and gills of the healthy fries, and a stable infection has been maintained for 2 months in the experimental system (Temperature: $18{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ DO: 7-7.5 ppm; pH: $7{\pm}0.2$). Induction conditions for artificial infection of the parasite by interms of the host fishes, stages of the parasites, and rearing temperature regimes was investigated. Rainbow trout fries showed a positive infection which was resulted from exposure of theront at $18^{\circ}C$. The rainbow trout fries induced white spots on the body surface at 3-7 days exposure to the theronts at $18^{\circ}C$. It was found that exposure of the rainbow trout fries exposed to 1,000 theronts per fish (10 theront/ml) for 45-60 minutes at $18^{\circ}C$ would consistently produce infection. Perfect infection (100%) was induced when the fries were exposed to 1,500 theront per fish (15 theront/ml) under laboratory condition. Development of I. multifiliis in the rainbow trout was observed for 7 days postexposure (PE). The parasite increased in average diameter from $54{\mu}m$ on the 1st day PE to $426{\mu}m$ on the 7th day PE. In the initial infestation period, the parasites were found on the gill epithelium, and on the 3rd day PE they invaded into the basal part of the gill filament adjacent to the major blood vessels, particularly the afferent vessels. Morphological change of buccal apparatus were observed on the 2nd day PE. Contractile vacuoles were more prominent on the 4th day PE, and they had notable changes on the 7th day PE.

생약재 황금 뿌리 열수추출물의 넙치 투여시 질병저항성에 미치는 영향

지보영 ( Bo Young Jee ),서정수 ( Jung Soo Seo ),전은지 ( Eun Ji Jeon ),이은혜 ( Eun Hye Lee*,),최희정 ( Hee Jung Choi ),김진도 ( Jin Do Kim ),정승희 ( Sung Hee Jung ),박명애 ( Myoung Ae Park ) 한국어병학회 2012 한국어병학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Effects of various concentration of skullcap Scutellaria baicalensis in the diets on a nonspecific immunity and a disease resistance of olive flounder were investigated. After feeding trial, weight gain of fish fed 0.05% skullcap immersed group was higher than that of fish fed 0, 0.1 and 1% skullcap diet but no significant differences were observed among the experimental groups. Furthermore, no significant differences in hematological indices of olive flounder were found among the experimental groups. Lysozyme activity in the serum and kidney of the administrated group(0.05% skullcap immersed group) was significantly higher than the control group. In addition, the chemiluminescent(CL) responses of head kidney leucocytes from the 0.05% skullcap immersed group was significantly higher(P<0.05) than the control group. In the histological results, the 1% skullcap immersed group appeared to have the detrimental effects for fish health. In a challenge experiment with Edwardsiella tarda(GY-01) and Streptococcus iniae(FT5228), relative percent survival (RPS) in the 0.05% skullcap immersed group was higher than the control group injected with E. tarda(GY-01) at 4th and 8th weeks. The results suggest that the skullcap extract (0.05%) would be effective to enhance the nonspecific immunity and protective ability of olive flounder against fish pathogen such as E. tarda.

수온변화에 따른 해수내 VHSV(Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus)의 생존능 분석

정지민(Ji Min JEONG),지보영(Bo-Young JEE),권문경(Mun-Gyeong KWON),서정수(Jung Soo SEO),황성돈(Seong Don HWANG),이지훈(Ji-Hoon LEE),황지연(Jee Youn HWANG) 한국수산해양교육학회 2019 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.31 No.5

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) is a serious viral disease that infects the olive flounder in South Korea. The Korean aquaculture industry experienced an economic loss caused by the high infectivity and mortality. Wastewater is a factor in transferring infections to wild and cultured fish in waters near infected aquaculture farms. In this study, we analyzed the stability of the VHS virus in sterilized seawater depending on the water temperature. The VHS virus maintained infectivity for 8 days and was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction after 10 days of inoculation to sterilized seawater at low temperatures. On the other hand, at high temperatures, the virus maintained infectivity for 4 days and was detected for 7 days. These results may contribute to basic data for epidemiological studies.

Amoxicillin trihydrate의 단독 경구투여 및 정맥투여에 따른 뱀장어, Anguilla japonica 체내 약물동태학적 특성

전은지 ( Eun Ji Jeon ),서정수 ( Jeong Soo Seo ),김진도 ( Jin Do Kim ),정승희 ( Sung Hee Jung ),김명석 ( Myoung Sug Kim ),황지연 ( Jee Youn Hwang ),박명애 ( Myoung Ae Park ),지보영 ( Bo Young Jee ),김진우 ( Jin Woo Kim ),김이청 ( Y 한국어병학회 2010 한국어병학회지 Vol.23 No.3

The pharmacokinetic properties of amoxicillin trihydrate (Amox) were studied after single oral administration and single intravenous injection to cultured eel, Anguilla japonica, respectively (average 220±10 g, 28±1℃). Plasma samples were taken at 3, 5, 10, 15, 24, 30, 48, 96 and 144 h post-dose. The kinetic profile of absorption, distribution and elimination of Amox in plasma were analyzed fitting to a two-compartment model by WinNonlin program. In oral dosage of 40 and 80 ㎎/㎏ body weight, the peak plasma concentrations of Amox, which attained at 3∼12 h post-dose, were 3.4 and 3.3 ㎍/㎖, respectively. In intravenous injection with 1 ㎎/㎏, the peak plasma concentrations of Amox, which attained at 9 h post-dose, was 7.2 ㎍/㎖. The following parmeters were calculated for a single oral dosage of 40 and 80 ㎎/㎏ body weight, respectively: AUC (the area under the concentration-time curve)〓 464 and 667 ㎍·h/㎖; Tmax (time for maximum concentration)〓 2.1 and 3.6 h; Cmax (maximum concentration)〓 3.04 and 3.4 ㎍/㎖. Following intravenous injection at 1 ㎎/㎏, this parameters were AUC= 748 ㎍·h/㎖; Cmax〓 4.2 ㎍/㎖. The apparent oral bioavailability at 40 and 80 ㎎/㎏ were 1.6 and 1.1%, respectively. Despite using the trihydrate form of amoxicillin, the oral bioavailability was low in eel.

2005년부터 2007년 사이 양식 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus를 대상으로 한 어류바이러스 검출에 대한 통계 자료

조미영 ( Mi Young Cho ),박경현 ( Gyeong Hyun Park ),지보영 ( Bo Young Ji ),김진우 ( Jin Woo Kim ) 한국어병학회 2010 한국어병학회지 Vol.23 No.2

The epidemiological study was performed to survey the prevalence of fish pathogens in cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus from 2005 to 2007. In this study, the fish pathogens were detected from 1,528 among 2,238 fish samples collected yearly in 5 sites from February, May, August and November. Annual incidences for three years show a yearly increase and there were 60.6% in 2005, 66.7% in 2006 and 72.3% in 2007, respectively. Seasonal prevalence was 63.5% in February, 67.4% in May, 75.1% in August and 64.4% in November for three years. The detection rates of 6 viral pathogens were 35.6% in 2005, 44.6% in 2006 and 24.4% in 2007 and the peak rate was 55.4% at adult size group (above 41㎝). Viral nervous necrosis virus (24.7%) has been the most predominant virus in this investigation, while much lower rates were noted in viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (10.6%) and red sea bream iridovirus (0.9%).

바이러스성 출혈성 패혈증 바이러스 NV 단백질에 의한 glucokinase 전사 활성의 억제

조미영(Mi Young Cho),황지연(Jee Youn Hwang),지보영(Bo Young Ji),박명애(Myoung Ae Park),성미소(Mi So Seong),김소영(So Young Kim),정예은(Ye Eun Jung),정재훈(Jae Hun Cheong),최영현(Yung Hyun Choi) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.12

바이러스성 출혈성 패혈증 바이러스(VHSV)는 넙치를 포함한 어류 양식의 막대한 피해를 일으키는 바이러스 병원체이며, VHSV가 생성하는 6개의 바이러스 단백질들 중에서 NV 단백질이 병원성에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. VHSV-감염 넙치를 이용한 전사체 마이크로 어레이의 선행 분석 결과에 의하면 VHSV 감염이 해당과정 효소들의 mRNA 발현을 억제함으로써 넙치 세포에서 ATP 생성을 감소시켰음을 알 수 있었다. 이들 결과를 토대로, 본 연구에서는 VHSV NV 단백질이 해당과정 효소인 glucokinase의 발현에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면, NV 단백질은 넙치 세포에서 glucokinase의 mRNA 발현을 감소시켰으며, 새롭게 동정한 glucokinase의 유전자 프로모터의 활성 실험결과, NV 단백질이 glucokinase의 프로모터 활성을 저해함을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 작용 결과들로 인하여 VHSV NV 단백질의 발현이 세포 내로의 포도당 흡수 또한 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과들은 VHSV NV 단백질이 유전자 발현의 전사 수준에서 음성적으로 해당과정의 효소 발현을 조절함을 의미하며, 결국 세포 내 에너지의 결핍으로 넙치의 폐사로 이어질 가능성을 보여주는 것이다. The viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), which belongs to the Novirhabdovirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae family, is a viral pathogen that causes severe losses in the olive flounder farming industry. Among six encoding VHSV proteins, the non-virion (NV) protein has been shown to have an impact on virulence. In our previous studies, transcriptomics microarray analysis by using VHSV-infected olive flounder showed that VHSV infection significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of glycolytic enzymes. In addition, VHSV NV protein variants decreased the intracellular ATP level. Based on these results, we have tried to examine the effect of VHSV NV protein on glycolytic enzyme glucokinase expression, which phosphorylates glucose to glucose 6-phosphate. Our results indicated that the NV protein significantly decreased the mRNA expression of glucokinase in olive flounder HINAE cells. Furthermore, the NV protein played a negative role in the promoter activation of glucokinase. Furthermore, glucose uptake was effectively inhibited by VHSV infection and NV protein expression in olive flounder HINAE cells. These results suggest that the VHSV NV protein negatively regulates glycolytic enzyme expression by a transcription level and eventually leads to gradual morbidity of olive flounder through cellular energy deprivation. The present results may be useful for the prevention and diagnosis of VHSV infection in olive flounder.

The helminthic parasites of greenling, hexagrammos otakii Jordan et Starks, from the Korean southern sea

김기홍,허성회,지보영,Kim, Ki-Hong,Huh, Sung-Hoi,Ji, Bo-Young 한국어병학회 1997 한국어병학회지 Vol.10 No.2

A monogenean gill parasite, Prosomicrocotyla gotoi, and a digenean intestinal fluke. Opecoelus sphaericus, were found from greenilngs (Hexagrammos otakii) captured at the Korean southern sea. P. gotoi was characterized by having two separated frills of opisthaptor and distinguished from P. chirii in testis and clamp numbers. O. sphaericus had three pairs of finger-like marginal appendages on the ventral sucker and the parasite was distinguished from O. nipponicus in the location pattern of testes. These two helminth species were the first recording species in Korea. 한국 남해안에서 채집한 쥐노래미를 대상으로 기생성 연충류를 조사한 결과 아가미에 기생하는 단생흡충류, Prosomicrocotyla gotoi, 1종과 장관에 기생하는 흡충류, Opecoelus sphaericus, 1종이 발견되었다. 이 두종은 모두 우리나라에서는 처음 기록되는 미기록종들이었다. P. gotoi는 후고착반(opisthaptor)이 두갈래로 나뉘어진 frill형태에 의해 특징지워지며, 유사종인 P.chirii와는 고환과 clamp의 수에 의해 구별되었다. O. sphaericus는 복흡반의 가장자리에 3쌍의 손가락 모양 돌기가 나 있었으며, 유사종인 O. nipponicus와는 고환의 위치에 의해서 구별되어졌다.