Drosophila 수종의 성즐변이에 관한 형태적 비교 연구

최영현,권용원,유미애,이원호,Choi, Yung-Hyun,Kwon, Yong-Won,Yoo, Mi-Ae,Lee, Won-Ho 한국응용곤충학회 1994 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.33 No.4

Drosophila 의 수컷 앞다리 부절에 존재하는 성즐의 유무는 Sophophora subgens와 Drsophila sub-genus의 분류기준이 되며, 전자의 경우는 종 특이적인 성즐을 가지나 후자에는 일반적으로 존재하지 않는다. 수종 Drosophila 의 성즐에 관하여 비교 조사한 결과 Sophophora subgens내의 D. melanoga-ster subgroup의 경우는 모두 제 1부절에만 존재하였다. 그중 D. melanogaster complex의 D. mauti-tiana 가 약 12.75개, D. simulans는 평균 8.35정도였으며, D. yakuba complex는 D. melanogaster complex에 비하여 다소 적었다. D. melanogaster complex의 종간 교배에 의한 분석으로는 성즐유전양시겡 대한 뚜렷한 방향성을 제시할 수 없었다. Sophophora subgemus의 D. melanogaster species group에 속하는 다른 3종의 경우(D. auralia, D. lutecens 및 D. suzuki)는 성즐의 분포 양식에서 D. immigrans 및 D. virilis)에서는 성즐이 존재하지 않았다. Sex combs which lack in females are characteristic of some members of the subgenus Sophophora When present, they can be van/ from a single blistle to very extensive structures, but the meianogaster subgroup of the subgenus Sophophora have only on the f~rst tarsal segments of the fore legs. D mauritiona among the melanogaster compler of the melar~ogaster subgroup have significantly more sex comb teeth (mean 12.75) than other specie& and the yakubo complex (range of the mean 6.84-758) have less than the melanogaster complex (range of the mean 835-12.75). In sex comb tooth number of interspecd~ch ybrids among the melonogoster complex, there appeared difference u;ith parental species Thus, analysis of male sex comb tooth in FI hybrid could not exhibit the direction of hereditan/ nature. On the other hand, D auraria (the montium subgroup), D suzuki (the suzuki subgroup) and D, lutecens (the takohashii subgroup) of the melanogaster species have two sex combs on the first and second tarsal segments, and the mean number were different according to the species.

Drosophila 체세포의 유전자 및 염색체 돌연변이 검출계에 의한 MNNG 의 체세포 돌연변이원성

최영현,유미애,이원호 ( Yung Hyun Choi,Mi Ae Yoo,Won Ho Lee ) 한국유전학회 1992 Genes & Genomics Vol.14 No.3

Somatic gene mutagenicity and killing effects of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in Drosophila melanogaster were investigated by comparing the sensitivity of the DNA repair-proficient and the repair-deficient assaying systems. Somatic chromosome mutation was also investigated by the wing spot test system. The killing effects of MNNG on the repair-deficient uz:mus 201/mus 210 strain were 25 to 30 times great than that on the repair-proficient uz system. All of the repair-proficient and deficient systems showed a strong positive response to mutagenicity of MNNG, and the uz:mus 201/mus 201 strain was more sensitive than the uz strain to somatic gene mutations by MNNG. In the mwh/flr strain, which is a wing spot test system, mutations increases with the dose of MNNG. The present results about the frequency of large single spot and twin spots suggest that MNNG induce more gene mutation and chromosomal recombination than nondisjunction and deletion. The large single spots induced by MNNG had a modal frequency of which 5-16 cells which was smaller 2-3 cell cycles than 65-128 cells obtained by X-irradiation and 33-256 cells induced by neutrons at the same larval stage.

Mouse의 정소이용 염색체 조사에 G- 및 C-banding법의 적용

최영현,권용원,윤희선,유미애,이원호,Choi, Yung-Hyun,Kwon, Yong-Won,Yun, Hee-Sun,Yoo, Mi-Ae,Lee, Won-Ho 한국생명과학회 1998 생명과학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The mototic and meiotic chromosomal characteristics of ICR mice were investigated with G-and C-banding techniques. For the puposes, the chromosomal preparations were made with the modified air-drying method of Imal et al. Chromosomal analysis using testis could be observed mitotic as well as meitotic chromosomal behaviors, and the centromeric regions of all chromosomes including X chromosome were strongly stained in C-banded preparations. Nineteen autosomal bivalents and a single uniequal terminally associated X-Y bivalent in normal cells were observed during the late prophase and the metaphase of the meiosis I. The mean frequencies of previously dissociated X-Y chromosomes in the primary apermatocytes of the control group were 7.45%, but the frequencies of X-Y dissociation in the alkylating agents-treated group were about 3-4 times higher than that in the control group. Application of C-banding in meiotic stages could be certainly distinguish between vibalent type and univalents type of sex chromosomes.

Dexamethasone에 의하여 유발된 근육 위축 생쥐의 비복근 근섬유에서 apoptosis와 염증 반응에 미치는 오미자 추출물의 영향

최영현,Choi, Yung Hyun 대한한의학방제학회 2017 대한한의학 방제학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Dried fruits of Schizandra chinensis Baillon, Fructus Schisandrae, have been widely used for many years to prevent and treat various diseases in Asian countries including Korea and Russia. It has recently been reported that extracts of Fructus Schisandrae are effective for controlling muscle and skeletal diseases. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of ethanol extract of Fructus Schisandrae (EEFS) on apoptosis and inflammatory response in gastrocnemius muscle of dexamethasone-induced catabolic muscle atrophy mice as part of natural substance discovery and functional analysis for improving muscle function. According to the results of this study, EEFS supplementation attenuated body weight gains and suppressed calf thickness loss in dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophic mice. Gastrocnemius muscle immunohistochemistry showed that expression of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, which are representative apoptotic markers, was markedly increased in dexamethasone control mice; however, their expression was effectively reduced in the EEFS-fed mice. EEFS supplementation also prevented dexamethasone-induced increases in immunoreactivity of muscle fibers for myostatin, an important negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. In addition, EEFS significantly normalized the increased numbers of nitrotyrosine, 4-hydroxynonenal and inducible nitric oxide synthase-positive muscle fibers compared to that found in dexamethasone control mice. These results suggest that EEFS protects dexamethasone-induced muscular atrophy by decreasing apoptosis and inflammatory responses, and EEFS is more likely to be developed as a muscle strengthening agent.

케일 쥬스에 의한 Aflatoxin B1 의 유전독성 억제 효과

최영현,박건영,이선미,유미애,이원호 ( Yung Hyun Choi,Kun Young Park,Seon Mi Lee,Mi Ae Yoo,Won Ho Lee ) 한국유전학회 1995 Genes & Genomics Vol.17 No.3

The inhibitory effect of the fresh juice of kale on the genotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in Salmonella and Drosophila was investigated. The kale juice had strong inhibitory activity for His- to His+ reverse-mutations induced by AFB1 acting on S. typhimurium TA100. A similar inhibitory effect was detected in somatic cell mutation assaying system of D. melanogaster. Using the wing hairs spot test, we found that the formation of mutant hairs in adult flies as a result of feeding with AFB1 in their larval stages was efficiently inhibited by coadministration of the fresh juice of kale, which revealed that it can inhibit gene mutation, deletion and mitotic chromosomal recombination. These results seem to suggest that kale juice may exert its inhibitory effect to mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties of DNA damaging agents.

Drosophila melanogaster 에 미치는 Kojic acid 의 독성에 관한 연구

최영현,박연규,이원호 ( Yung Hyun Choi,Yeon Kyu Park,Won Ho Lee ) 한국환경생물학회 1996 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.14 No.1

The present experiment was carried out to detect the basic toxic effect of kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-γ-pyrone), a fungal metabolite produced by some species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, in Drosophila melanogaster. Kojic add was highly toxic on the developmental and adult stages, resulting in prolongation of the developmental time and lowering of the viability from larvae to adult, and high mortality of adults as dose increased. The LC_50 value at 72 hr i.e., the concentration at which 50% of treated flies died within 72hr, was about 4.8㎎/㎖. As to the sex ratio of flies fed kojic acid during the development, there was no differences between the control and the treated groups. And, kojic acid gave no a significant mutagenic effect on the induction of the sex-linked lethal mutagenesis by the attached-X method used in this study.

Drosophila melanogaster 에 미치는 제초제의 생리변이적 영향에 관한 연구

최영현,박연규,유미애,이원호 ( Yung Hyun Choi,Yeon Kyu Park,Mi Ae Yoo,Won Ho Lee ) 한국환경생물학회 1996 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Glyphosate (isopropylamine salt of N-(phosphono methyl)) and glufosinate ammonium (ammonium 4-[hydroxy(methyl) phosphinoyl]), the herbicides, were fed to Drosophila melanogaster in order to compare their physiological toxic and mutagenic effects. These herbicides were highly toxic on the development of D. melanogaster, resulting in lowering the viabilities from larvae to adults and prolongation of the developmental times, and glufosinate ammonium was slightly more toxic than glyphosate. As to the sex ratio of adult flies fed these herbicides during the development, there was no differences between the control and the treated groups. We also tested the somatic cell mutageneic potencies of these herbicies using a Drosophila wing hairs spot test system (mwh/flr system). The frequencies of small single mwh spots due to terminal deletion or gene mutation on chromosome 3 in the transheterozygouse (mwh +/ + flr) larvae treated with these herbicies were 3∼4 times higher than those of the control group. These results seem to suggest that glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium may exert their mutagenic properties.

Drosophila melanogaster 에 미치는 DDVP 의 생리변이적 영향에 관한 연구

최영현,박연규,이원호 ( Yung Hyun Choi,Yeon Kyu Park,Won Ho Lee ) 한국환경생물학회 1994 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.12 No.2

DDVP(dichlorvos, 2, 2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate), the organophoso phorus pesticide, was fed to the Drosophila melanogaster complex in order to investigate its toxic capacity at development of D. melanogaster larvae and four species adults of the D. melanogaster complex(D. mauritiana, D. simulans, D. mauritiana, and D. sechellia). And the potency of DDVP for the induction of the X-linked lethal and somatic chromosomal mutations of D. melanogaster was studied. For these purposes, an attached-X method for germinal cell level and a wing hairs spot test system(mwh/flr system) for somatic cell level were appllied. DDVP was highly toxic on the development of D. melanogaster, resulting in of lowering the viability and in prolongation of the developmental time. The order of mortality causing adult stage feeding to DDVP in the D. melanogaster complex was like this; D. simulans, D. mauritiana, D. sechellia and D. melanogaster. The effect on the sex-linked lethal mutagenesis using an attached-X method was found to be negative. But the frequency of small single mwh spots due to terminal deletion or gene mutation on chromosome 3 in the transheterozygouse(mwh +/+ flr) larvae treated with DDVP were slightly higher than the control group.

Genistein Suppresses TPA-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinases Activity and Cell Invasion in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells

Yung Hyun Choi(최영현),Sung Ok Kim(김성옥) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.7

Genistein은 대두 및 그들의 부산물에 풍부하게 존재하는 isoflavone의 일종으로 정상세포에서는 독성을 나타내지 않는 범위에서 다양한 in vitro 및 in vivo 모델에서 암세포의 증식을 효과적으로 억제할 수 있는 천연물로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 MCF-7 및MDA-MB-231 유방암세포에서 matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)의 활성 및 발현과 침윤성에 미치는 genistein의 영향을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 genistein은 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) 처리에 의하여 활성화된 MMP-2 및 -9의 활성을 유의적으로 차단하였으며, 이는 전사 및 번역 수준에서 MMP-2 및 -9의 발현 억제와 연관성이 있었다. 또한 matrigel invasion assay를 통하여 genistein은 두 유방암세포의 침윤성을 완벽하게 차단하였음을 관찰하였으며, 이러한 효과는 genistein의 세포독성 효과에 의한 것이 아니었음을 알 수 있었다. 비록 in vivo 동물 실험을 통한 부가적인 연구의 필요성이 있으나, 본 연구의 결과는 genistein이 암의 전이를 억제할 수 있는 효과적인 식이 소재임을 보여주는 것이다. Genistein, a predominant isoflavone, has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells in vitro and in vivo without toxicity to normal cells. In the present study, we investigated the effects of genistein on the activity and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Our findings showed that MMP-9 and -2 activation was significantly increased in response to 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). However, the increased activities of MMP-9 and -2 in TPA-treated cells were concentration-dependently inhibited by treatment with genistein, and this was also correlated with a decrease in the expression of their mRNA and proteins. In addition, a matrigel invasion assay showed that genistein reduced TPA-induced invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Although further in vivo studies are needed, these results suggest that genistein treatment may inhibit tumor cell invasion and, therefore, act as a dietary source to decrease the risk of cancer metastasis.

β-Lapachone-Induced Apoptosis is Associated with Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 Activity in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells

최영현(Yung Hyun Choi) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.10

β-lapachone은 남미에 자생하는 lapacho 나무(Tabeuia avellanedae)의 수액에 함유된 quinone계열의 일종으로 많은 인체암세포에서apoptosis를 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 A549 인체폐암세포를 대상으로 β-lapachone에 의한 apoptosis 유발과정에서 나타나는 또 다른 현상들을 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. β-lapachone이 처리된 A549 세포는 처리 농도의 증가에 따라 생존율이 감소되었으며, 이는 apoptosis 유발과 연관이 있음을 MTT assay와 flow cytometry 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. β-lapachone에 의한 A549 세포의 증식억제는 종양억제유전자 p53과 cyclin-dependent kinase 저해제인 p21의 발현을 전사 및 번역 수준에서 증가시켰으며, p53 단백질의 인산화 증가와 연관성이 있었다. 또한 β-lapachone은 caspase-3과 -9를 활성화시켰으며, 활성화된 caspase-3의 기질 단백질들[poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, β-catenin 및 phospholipase C-γ1]의 단편화를 유도하였다. 아울러 β-lapachone은 cyclooxygenase (COX)-2의 mRNA 및 단백질의 발현을 억제하였으나 COX-1의 발현에는 영향을 미치지 않았으며, β-lapachone에 의한 COX-2의 발현억제는 prostaglandin E₂의 생성 저하에 관련이 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 β-lapachone의 항암활성 기전의 이해와 더불어 β-lapachone이 폐암세포에서 강력한 항암활성이 있음을 보여주는 것이다. β-lapachone, a quinone of lapachol extracted from the bark of the lapacho tree, has been found to induce apoptosis in various human cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated further possible mechanisms by which β-lapachone exerts its pro-apoptotic action in cultured human lung cancer A549 cells. β-lapachone treatment resulted in inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, as determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis. The induction of apoptosis by β-lapachone was associated with up-regulation of the expression of p53 and p21 in both transcriptional and translational levels, and the phosphorylation of p53. In addition, β-lapachone activated caspase-3 and -9, and induced degradation of caspase-3 target proteins such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and β-catenin. Furthermore, β-lapachone treatment caused a progressive decrease in the expression levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 without significant changes in the levels of COX-1, which was correlated with a decrease in prostaglandin E₂ synthesis. Taken together, these results indicated that β-lapachone may have therapeutic potential in human lung cancer treatment.