초등학교 교과서에 나타난 정보통신윤리 교육 내용 비교 분석

조정표,이철현 한국실과교육학회 2012 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This study tries to analyze the contents of textbooks in elementary school in terms of information ethics and to make suggestions for improvement in future. With information ethics education guidance released in 2005, information ethics part from ICT literacy examination of 2007, and updated 2007 education curriculum, I have analyzed available textbooks. I could draw following conclusions and implications from this study. First, information ethics education is mostly dealt in 'moral education' and 'practical arts'even though information ethics sections are included in 'disciplined life', 'Korean Language','moral education', and 'practical arts' textbooks Second, the details in information ethics education are formulated without consideration to student's developmental stage. Only 51.4% of information ethics education materials are developed in correspondence with child's development. Third, there are great differences in education details according to our study on elementary school textbooks. Subjects in elementary education have their own unique teaching objectives. Materials in textbooks are defined in a way to meet teaching objectives, and it is not easy to integrate information ethics education into existing subjects. If information ethics education is included in curriculum, it will include materials that are viewed as "most important". And we can not avoid overlapping of education contents as details are determined without much interdisciplinary consultation. Therefore, there should a new, integrated subject for information ethics education in order to provide effective information ethics education that is very crucial in information age. 이 연구의 목적은 초등학교 교과서에 나타난 ‘정보통신윤리’ 교육 내용을 비교 분석하고 초등학교 정보통신윤리 교육에 대한 시사점을 찾는데 있다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 학생ICT 활용능력 기준(ISSS)(2001), 초․중등학교 정보통신기술 교육 운영지침 개정안(2005), ICT 리터러시 검사도구(2007)의 연구 결과 중 정보통신윤리 관련 영역을 토대로 분석 준거를 설정하였고, 이를 이용하여 2007 개정 교육과정에 따라 편찬된 교과서를 분석하였다. 이 연구의 결과를 통해 다음과 같은 결론 및 시사점을 얻었다. 첫째, ‘바른생활’, ‘국어’, ‘도덕’, ‘실과’ 교과서 중 정보통신윤리 내용은 ‘도덕’, ‘실과’ 교과서에집중적으로 편성되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 정보통신윤리 영역의 세부 사항이 아동의 발달 단계에 맞게 제시되지 않고 있다. 전체 교과서에서 나타난 정보통신윤리 내용 중 51.4%만이 적용 단계에 맞게 제시 되었다. 셋째, 교과서에 제시된 정보통신윤리 영역의 세부 항목에 대해 빈도의 편차가 크게 나타났다. 초등교육과정의 교과들은 각각의 고유한 교과 목표를 가지고 있다. 교과 목표를 달성하기 위한교과서의 내용은 한정적일 수 밖에 없고, 이 교과내용에 정보통신윤리 영역을 통합하여 나타내기란 쉽지 않다. 설령 각 교과내용에 정보통신윤리 영역의 내용이 포함되더라도, 각 교과서에 포함될 정보통신윤리 내용은 그 시대에 가장 중요하다고 판단되는 내용일 경우가 높다. 그리고 전 교과의 통합적인 합의 없이 각 교과별로 내용이 협의되기 때문에 정보통신윤리 내용의 중복을 피하기 어렵다. 이에 정보화 사회에서 꼭 필요한 정보통신윤리 교육이 효과적으로 이루어지기 위해서는 정보통신윤리를 종합적으로 포함하는 교육프로그램 개발과 더불어 창의적 체험 활동, 방과후교실 등을 통해 정보통신윤리 교육을 할 수 있는 시간을 안정적으로 확보하는 일이 필요하다.

$BaTiO_3$의 입도와 분체특성과의 상관 관계 연구

전명표,조정호,김병익,Chun, M.P.,Cho, J.H.,Kim, B.I. 한국결정성장학회 2005 한국결정성장학회지 Vol.15 No.6

수열합성법에 의해 제조된 티탄산바륨 (BT01, BT02, BT03, BT04, BT05)의 입자크기와 분체특성과의 상관관계를 비표면적, 제타전위, XPS, XRD 및 SEM에 의해 조사하였다. 레이져광산법에 의해 측정된 입자의 크기는 비표면적과 XRD를 통해 결정된 격자이방성과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 보였다. 분말의 비표면적은 입자의 크기가 증가함에 따라 감소하였으며, BT03 시료는 동일한 입자크기의 BT04에 비하여 큰 비표면적을 보였으며, 이는 입자들의 응집에 기인하는 것으로 SEM사진 및 XRD 분석을 통하여 밝혀졌다. 입자의 크기가 증가함에 따라 제타전위는 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, BT02와 BT03 분말은 다른 분말에 비하여 제타전위가 큰 음의 값을 나타내었다. XPS 분석결과 분쇄시 티탄산바륨과 물 사이의 반응에 의한 $Ba^{2+}$ 이온의 용출과 관련이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. The relationship between particle size of hydro-thermally synthesized barium titanate powders (BT01, BT02, BT03, BT04, BT05) and the powder properties was investigated by means of particle size, specific surface area, zeta potential, XPS, XRD and SEM. Particle size determined by laser light scattering is closely related with specific surface area and the tetragonality (c/a) obtained from XRD. The specific surface area of the samples inversely decreased with increasing particle size except BT03 powder. BT03 sample showed higher surface area than BT04 sample of equivalent particle size, which was attributed mostly to the agglomeration of particles in terms of SEM image and XRD analysis. Zeta potential increased with increasing particle size with the exception of BT02 and BT03 which showed larger minus value of zeta potential in comparison with other BT powders. Beta potential results of BT02 and BT03 are considered to be related with the dissolution of $Ba^{2+}$ ion in these powers which was examined by XPS.

Piezoelectric ceramic powder synthesis of bismuth-sodium titanate by a hydrothermal process

조정호,김병익,마용준,이용현,전명표 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2006 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.7 No.2

Hydrothermal synthesis of bismuth-sodium titanate ceramic as a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic was studied, because the hydrothermal method (HTM) has been utilized for commercial production of powders. To synthesize bismuth-sodium titanate ceramic powder by a hydrothermal process using a mixed aqueous solution of metal-salts, Bi(NO3)3, Ti-isopropoxide (Ti(Oi- C3H7)4), titanium tetra-n-butoxide (Ti(O-n-C4H9)4) and Na2CO3 were used as starting materials. Two kinds of mineralizers, NaOH and KOH, were used. The hydrothermal reaction temperature was in the range from 160 oC to 200 oC. We investigated the effects of the hydrothermal temperature, time, amount of mineralizers, pH, solubility in solutions on phase formation and the properties of the powders. Synthesized bismuth-sodium titanate ceramic was analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The alkaline concentration had a great effect on the phase formation and morphology of the powders. (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based nanocrystalline particles with a perovskite structure were successfully synthesized.

고주파 유전체 세라믹 (Ca_0.7Sr_0.3)_m(Ti_yZr_1-y)O₃의 전기적 특성 및 미세구조

전명표,박명성,강경민,남중희,조정호,김병익,Chun, Myoung-Pyo,Park, Myoung-Sung,Kang, Kyung-Min,Nam, Joong-Hee,Cho, Jeong-Ho,Kim, Byung-Ik 한국결정성장학회 2010 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

고주파 유전체 세라믹 $(Ca_{0.7}Sr_{0.3})_m(Ti_yZr_{1-y})O_3$ 의 미세구조 및 전기적 특성에 대한 Ti 이온 및 몰비의 영향을 조사하였다. $CaZrO_3$의 Zr 위치에 Ti 이온의 치환은 세라믹 소체의 소결밀도 및 미세구조에 큰 영향을 미친다. Zr 위치에 Ti 이온의 치환량 증가에 따라, 소결밀도는 급격히 증가하고, 몰비 m=1.01에서 치밀한 미세조직이 얻어졌다. 한편, 몰비 m=0.99 조성에 대해서는 Ti 치환량이 증가하여도 소결밀도 및 미세구조는 거의 변화가 없이 일정하였다. Ti 치환량 증가에 따라 TCC (temperature coeITicient of capacitance) 곡선은 시계방향으로 회전하여 몰비 m=0.99, 1.01 조성에 대해 COG 특성을 만족하였다. $CaZrO_3$의 TCC 및 소결특성 제어를 위해서는 Ti 치환량이 몰비보다는 효과적임을 보여준다. The effects of mole ratio(A/B) m and Ti-ion on the dielectric properties and microstructure of the microwave dielectric ceramics $(Ca_{0.7}Sr_{0.3})_m(Ti_yZr_{1-y})O_3$ were investigated. Ti ions substituted on Zr-sites in these modified $CaZrO_3$ composition strongly affect the sintering density and microstructure of the fired ceramic body. With increasing the amount of Ti substituted on Zr-sites, the sintered density rapidly increased and the dense microstructure was obtained for the compositions having mole ratio of 1.01, whereas the sintered density and microstructure are nearly constant with the content of Ti-ion for the compositions having mole ratio of 0.99. With increasing the content of Ti ion, the curve of TCC (Temperature Coefficient of Capacitance) as a function of temperature rotated clockwise and satisfied the COG characteristics for both of compositions with mole ratio of 0.99 and 1.01. The content of Ti ion seems to be more effective than mole with respect to the controlling of firing and TCC.

New Lead-free Piezoelectric Ceramics in Ternary AgNbO3-NaNbO3-KNbO3 Solid Solutions

조정호,전명표,남중희,한규석,김병익 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.41

0.2AgNbO3-0.8(xNaNbO3-yKNbO3) powders were synthesized by using the solid state reaction method under an air atmosphere. In order to suppress the direct reaction between AgNbO3 and KNbO3, we prepared the AgNbO3-NaNbO3 compound as a first priority. The AgNbO3-NaNbO3compound was then reacted with KNbO3 at 850 ℃ ~ 1050 ℃ for 5 h. Due to the replacement of Na+ ions by K+ ions, a perovskite structure with an orthorhombic symmetry was revealed, but no major structural changes were observed for all investigated compositions. The electromechanical coupling factors (kp) and the piezoelectric constants (d33) were in the range of 37 ~ 40% and 110 ~ 123 pC/N, respectively. We observed no drastic increase of the properties due to coexistence of two phases as Pb(Zr,Ti)O3.

Effect of the Firing Conditions on the Phase Formation of Alkali Metal Niobate Piezoelectric Ceramics

전명표,강경민,조정호,김병익 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.31

The effects of the sintering atmosphere on the phase formation of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics such as (Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_3 (BNT), (K_(0.5)Na_(0.5)) NbO_3 (KNN), and AZrO_3 modified KNN (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) were investigated with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The ceramic powders mentioned above were synthesized by using a solid state reaction and were pressed into a disk shape. Disk samples of BNT were sintered for 3h in air, N_2 and reduced atmospheres (3%H_2-97%N_2, 10%H_2-90%N_2) at 1000 ℃, respectively. Disk samples of KNN and AZr_O3 modified KNN were sintered for 3h in air at 1160 ℃ and in 3%H_2-97%N_2 atmosphere at 1140 ℃, respectively. In the case of BNT samples sintered in neutral and reduced atmosphere, the vaporization of Bi is serious, while KNN samples show pure perovskite structure and no significant evaporation of K and Na regardless of the sintering atmospheres in contrast with BNT. In the case of AZrO_3 modified KNN (A = Ca, Sr, Ba), with increasing A-site ionic radius, the lattice parameter increases and the monoclinic angle decreases toward 90˚, which seems to induce a phase transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal phase.

밀리급 변형율 무연계 내환원성 세라믹 소재 임계 성능 구현

조정호,남중희,전명표,이용현,한규석,이성미 한국세라믹학회 2009 세라미스트 Vol.12 No.5

세라믹 패키지를 이용한 표면실장형 다이오드의 제작과 특성평가

전명표,조상혁,한익현,조정호,김병익,유인기,Chun, Myoung-Pyo,Cho, Sang-Hyeok,Han, Ik-Hyun,Cho, Jeong-Ho,Kim, Byung-Ik,Yu, In-Ki 한국전기전자재료학회 2007 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.20 No.5

Generally, a diode package consists of the synthetic resin that has good durability but low thermal conductivity. The surface mounted type fast recovery diode was fabricated by using ceramic package. Its main manufacture processes are composed of soldering, sillicon coating and side termination. And it has various advantages that diode is small, easy manufacture and fast cooling. The electric characteristics of the diode such as reverse recovery time, breakdown voltage, forward voltage, and leakage current were 5.28 ns, 1322 V, 1.08 V, $0.45\;{\mu}A$, respectively.

Effect of Domain Size on the Coercive Field of Orthorhombic (Li, K, Na)NbO3 Ceramics

조정호,이용현,한규석,전명표,남중희,김병익 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.41

Li0.02(K0.45Na0.55)0.98NbO3 [Li0.02KNN] ceramics were prepared by using the conventional solid state reaction method. The domain structures of orthorhombic Li0.02KNN ceramics were observed using a piezoelectric force microscope (PFM). A highly complicated configuration of domains was observed in grains with sizes over 15 μm, where all types of domains exist together. In order to evaluate the domain size, we only considered 90 domains in simple lamellar twinning. In grains with sizes of 3 ~ 15 μm, the simple lamellar twinning was observed and domain widths were about 275 ~ 300 nm. In smaller grains with sizes below 3 μm, the domain width was wider than it was for larger grains (>3 μm). The coercive field significantly decreased with decreasing domain size.

편측성대마비의 원인과 치료 : 10년간 경험의 분석

김광문,조정일,최홍식,김영호,홍원표 대한후두음성언어의학회 1995 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

It is well known that unilateral vocal cord paralysis is a sign of a disease and not a disease entity. In an attempt to evalute incidence of unilateral vocal cord paralysis related to varoius causes and to analyze our treatment results, the records of 210 patients seen at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yongdong Severance Hospital during the 10-year period from March 1985 to March 1995 were reviewed. Fifty-three patients(25.2%) of the 210 patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis had surgery-related causes, and intubations including tracheostomy was the most common etilogy among them. One hundred and fifty seven cases(74.8%) was not related to surgery and, among these most common cause was idiopathic. Spontaneous recovery took place in 17(8%) patients. Phonosurgery including type Ⅰ thyroplasty(n=16) and arytenoid adduction(n=10) and combination of them(n=3) yielded good results except intrafold teflon injection(n=4). These results of our series were compared to other series reported over the past decades.