관광지내 화장실에 관한 연구

정원일(Cheong Won Il) 한국관광개발학회 1997 觀光開發論叢 Vol.7 No.1

탐색 영역 부표본화 및 이웃 화소간의 차를 이용한 고속 전역 탐색 블록 정합 알고리듬

정원식,이법기,이경환,최정현,김경규,김덕규,이건일,Cheong, Won-Sik,Lee, Bub-Ki,Lee, Kyeong-Hwan,Choi, Jung-Hyun,Kim, Kyeong-Kyu,Kim, Duk-Gyoo,Lee, Kuhn-Il 대한전자공학회 1999 電子工學會論文誌, S Vol.s36 No.11

본 논문에서는 탐색 영역에서의 탐색점 부표본화와 현재 블록 내의 화소들의 이웃 화소간의 화소값의 차를 이용한 고속 전역 탐색 블록 정합 알고리듬을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법에서는 각 탐색점에서의 평균 절대치 오차 (mean absolute difference; MAD) 값의 최소 범위를 이웃 탐색점에서의 MAD와 현재 블록 내의 화소들의 이웃 화소간의 화소값의 차를 이용하여 구한 뒤, 이를 이용하여 블록 정합이 필요한 탐색점에 대하여서만 블록 정합을 행함으로써 고속으로 움직임을 추정하였다. 이때, 현재 탐색점에서의 MAD의 최소 범위를 구하기 위해서는 이웃 탐색점에서의 MAD를 사용한다. 그러므로 제안한 방법에서는 먼저, 탐색 영역에 대하여 4:1로 탐색점 부표본화를 행한 뒤, 부표본화 된 탐색점에 대하여 블록 정합을 행하여 MAD를 구한다. 그리고, 나머지 탐색점에 대하여서는 각 탐색점의 MAD 값의 최소범위를 부표본화 된 탐색점에서의 MAD와 현재 블록 내의 화소들의 이웃 화소간의 화소 값의 차를 이용하여 구한 뒤, 블록 정합이 필요한 탐색점에 대하여서만 블록 정합을 행하였다. 즉, 제안한 방법에서는 각 탐색점에서 MAD의 최소 범위를 이용하여 블록 정합이 필요한 탐색점 수를 줄임으로써 전역 탐색 블록 정합 알고리듬 (full search block matching algorithm; FSBMA)과 동일한 성능을 유지하면서도 고속으로 움직임을 추정할 수 있었다. 모의 실험을 통하여 제안한 방법이 FSBMA와 동일한 성능을 유지하면서도 많은 계산량의 감소를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다. In this paper, we propose a fast full search block matching algorithm using the search region subsampling and the difference of adjacent pixels in current block. In the proposed algorithm, we calculate the lower bound of mean absolute difference (MAD) at each search point using the MAD value of neighbor search point and the difference of adjacent pixels in current block. After that, we perform block matching process only at the search points that need block matching process using the lower bound of MAD at each search point. To calculate the lower bound of MAD at each search point, we need the MAD value of neighbor search point. Therefore, the search points are subsampled at the factor of 4 and the MAD value at the subsampled search points are calculated by the block matching process. And then, the lower bound of MAD at the rest search points are calculated using the MAD value of the neighbor subsampled search point and the difference of adjacent pixels in current block. Finally, we discard the search points that have the lower bound of MAD value exceed the reference MAD which is the minimum MAD value of the MAD values at the subsampled search points and we perform the block matching process only at the search points that need block matching process. By doing so, we can reduce the computation complexity drastically while the motion compensated error performance is kept the same as that of full search block matching algorithm (FSBMA). The experimental results show that the proposed method has a much lower computational complexity than that of FSBMA while the motion compensated error performance of the proposed method is kept same as that of FSBMA.

안쓰라사이트 여재 원형도가 여과 효율에 미치는 영향

정원석 ( Won Suk Cheong ),최승일 ( Suing Il Choi ) 대한상하수도학회 2007 상하수도학회지 Vol.21 No.6

이웃 탐색점에서의 평균 절대치 오차를 이용한 2단계 고속 블록 정합 알고리듬

정원식,이법기,권성근,한찬호,신용달,송규익,이건일,Cheong, Won-Sik,Lee, Bub-Ki,Kwon, Seong-Geun,Han, Chan-Ho,Shin, Yong-Dal,Sohng, Kyu-Ik,Lee, Kuhn-Il 대한전자공학회 2000 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.37 No.3

In this paper, we propose a two-stage fast block matching algorithm using the mean absolute error (MAE) of neighbor search point that can reduce the computational complexity to estimate motion vector while the motion estimation error performance is nearly the same as full search algorithm (FSA) In the proposed method, the lower bound of MAE 6at current search point IS calculated using the MAE of neighbor search point And we reduce the computational complexity by performing the block matching process only at the search point that has to be block matched using the lower bound of MAE The proposed algorithm is composed of two stages The experimental results show that the proposed method drastically reduces the computational complexity while the motion compensated error performance is nearly kept same as that of FSA. 본 논문에서는 이웃 탐색점에서의 평균 절대치 오차(mean absolute error, MAE)를 이용하여 전역 탐색 알고리듬(full search algorithm, FSA)과 거의 같은 움직임 추정 성능을 얻으면서도 고속으로 움직임을 추정할 수 있는 2단계 고속 블록 정함 알고리듬을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법에서는 현재 탐색점에서 블록 정합을 통하여 얻을 수 있는 MAE의 최소 범위를 이웃 탐색점에서의 MAE를 이용하여 구한 뒤, 이를 이용하여 블록 정합이 필요한 탐색점에 대하여서만 블록 정합을 행하였다. 즉, 제안한 방법에서는 블록 정함이 필요한 탐색점 수를 줄임으로써 고속으로 움직임을 추정하였으며, 움직임 추정을 두 단계로 나누어 수행하였다 모의 설험을 통하여 제안한 방법이 FSA와 거의 같은 움직임 추정 성능을 유지하면서도 많은 계산량의 감소를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다

차종별 도로교통소음레벨과 주파수 특성에 관한 연구

박상일 ( Sang Ill Park ),최형일 ( Hyung Il Choi ),정경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Cheong ),정원삼 ( Won Sam Jeong ),김난희 ( Nan Hee Kim ),이종국 ( Jong Kuk Lee ),오남승 ( Nam Seung Oh ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2008 공학기술논문지 Vol.1 No.2

Quantitative evaluation for the sound source to predict the noise in the field point for the Road Traffic Noise was conducted. The traffic noise level and frequency characteristics as per types of cars for wave process until the noise reaches the field point was measured. 1. Frequency Characteristics while Driving Under freely flowing conditions of traffic, when you drive a bus on a public road, the traffic noise level showed a change of 6.2 dB(Z) from 83.1 dB(Z) to 89.3 dB(Z).The change of traffic noise level was 6.3 dB(Z) from 81.7 dB(Z) to 88 dB(Z) when a van was driven, and 10.8 dB(Z) from 79.5 dB(Z) to 90.3 dB(Z) when a one-ton truck was driven. Also, the change of traffic noise level was 18.6 dB(Z) from 81.3 dB(Z) to 99.9 dB(Z) when a motorcycle was running. All vehicles except for the motorcycle showed similar noise levels of 31.5, 500, 1 k and 2 kHz. The bus showed the highest noise level at 63 Hz and 125 Hz, and a van and an 11 ton truck showed the highest levels at 125 Hz. The one-ton truck was measured at 63 Hz for the highest noise level. The motorcycle was measured at 250 Hz with the highest noise level of 96.7 dB(Z) and at 500 Hz with 95.5 dB(Z), indicating the highest noise level among specific vehicles. 2. Characteristic of Frequency upon Departure The noise level when an urban bus stops to depart was 94.6 dB(Z), which is higher than that of stoppage and driving. When a bus stops, the normal car have an influence on the noise level, and after departure, it brings out the highest noise at 250 Hz and 500 Hz, which is caused by noises from the engine and exhaust. The noise level when a normal car stops to depart was higher than that of stoppage and driving at 85.7 dB(Z). It is high at 63 Hz as it is being reduced from 250 Hz. While a normal car is stopping, higher noise is made at 31.5 Hz, which is considered to be caused by engine noise.

웨이브릿 변환 및 선택적 예측 벡터 양자화를 이용한 다분광 화상데이터 압축

김병주(Byung-Ju Kim),반성원(Seong-Won Ban),김경규(Kyoung-Kyoo Kim),정원식(Won-Sik Cheong),김영춘(Young-Choon Kim),이건일(Kuhn-Il Lee) 대한전자공학회 1998 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1998 No.6

고층 아파트의 도로교통소음 전파특성에 관한 연구

박상일 ( Sang Ill Park ),최형일 ( Hyung Il Choi ),정경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Cheong ),염동익 ( Dong Ick Yeom ),정원삼 ( Won Sam Jeong ),김난희 ( Nan Hee Kim ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2009 공학기술논문지 Vol.2 No.1

Suggesting countermeasures against traffic noise, the result of modeling the noise level distribution of the apartment using RAYNOISE is as follow. l. Characteristic of Noise Level Attenuation as per Frequency of Apartment Space Comparing the difference of measured values on the balcony and in the enter of the living room had a minus value for an applicable value of 62%, which means the balcony is the path where the, sound is being passed. Because the center of the living room is a closed space, it is considered that the sound became higher by reflection and diffraction of sound in the living room. Change of frequency. Attenuation as per space in the 1st, 5th and 8th floors showed the attenuated condition becoming greater as frequency rose by 1 kHz, and it became greater on the higher floor at 31.5 Hz and 63 Hz. On the 11th floor, 63 Hz appeared to have a higher attenuated condition, and it was attenuated similarly in general. 2. Modeling Using RAYNOISE for Noise Level and Characteristics of Frequency in Apartment Space Noise levels measured on the exterior wall of the apartment, on the balcony and in the center of a living room revealed to be higher in low frequency bandwidths in the lower floors. They decreased on the higher floors including the 7th and 8th floors, increased then decreased again on the 9th floor. The noise level in the living room was 45.3 dB(Z), which appeared to be higher than that of the balcony(41.1 dB(Z)). It was also higher than the balcony in all frequency bandwidths. We then compared noise level in two cases while the window of the living room was open. The first case kept the window of balcony 2(bed room 2 directions) closed while the window of balcony 1(living room directions) remained open. The second case kept the window of balcony 1(living room directions) closed while the window of balcony 2(bed room 2 directions) remained open. The noise level in the center of the living room was 45.0 45.6 dB(Z) in the former case and 28.5 29.5 dB(Z) in the latter, thus showing the attenuated effect of f 5.9 16.6 dB(Z). The attenuated effect appeared to be 16.9 17.9 dB(A) characteristics of A.

블럭 분류를 이용한 웨이브릿 변환 영역에서의 선별적인 움직임 추정

권성근(Seong Geun Kwon),이승진(Seung Jin Lee),정원식(Won Sik Cheong),이건일(Kuhn Il Lee) 대한전자공학회 1997 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1997 No.6

慶州市 遊興業所들의 類型과 空間的 分布 : 酒店을 중심으로

丁源一 경주대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Most research on tourism facilities in Korea has focused on a field of hotels and restaurants etc. It is too hard, however, to find the research with special emphasis on spatial pattern and its. development. And the object of this study is to investigate spatial pattern and development of drinking houses in Kyongju city which is recognized as one of the most representative tourist destination in Korea. In order to achieve the goal effectively, the writer attempts to divide the area of drinking houses in Kyongju city into five according the forms of accumulation, and scrutinize the scales, kinds, processes of formation respectively. The findings of this study are as follows : 1. Most drinking houses in Kyongju city are low-class, small-sized, and newly-opend. 2. The Types and spatial patterns of drinking houses in Kyongju city are subject to the implementation of a special tourism zone. 3. The number of drinking houses with singing rooms seems to show high rates of growth recently.

Phospholipase C를 투여한 랫트의 간장에서의 Cytochrome P450의 발현양상

지영흔,이차수,박청규,박상준,정원일,도선희,박승춘,류시윤,정규식 한국수의공중보건학회 2001 예방수의학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Alpha-toxin, produced in large amounts by Clostridium perfringens type A strain, is phospholipase C(PLC) and is believed to be the major factor responsible for several biological damages of animals and humans. We attempted to know the expressions of drug metabolism related enzymes, cytochrome P450s(P450s) and membrane lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(HNE) after injection of PLC or purified alpha-toxin in Sprague-Dawley rats. The serum-biochemical value which is used as an indicator for major liver damages, activities of asparatate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) after injection of PLC increased by 2-fold and 3-fold, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining for P450 1A1/2, 2B1/2, 2E1, 3A1 and 4A2/3 was performed in liver at various times after injection of PLC or alpha toxin. In all experimental groups, immunoreactivities of P450 2E1, 2B1/2, 1A1/2 and 4A2/3 were weak and the immunoreactivities of P450 2C11 were not detectable until 6hrs. Among them,P4503A1 showed strong immunoreactivity on pericentral area at 2hrs after PLC administration. Following a time course of 1∼24 hrs, HNE, a product of lipid peroxidation, was noted positive immunoreactivity on the peripheral area after PLC injection. In immunoblot analyses, the expressions of P450 2E1, 2B1/2, 1A1/2 and 4A2/3 slightly decreased while P450 2C11 significantly decreased until 6hrs. In contrast, HNE was significantly induced at 3.5hrs and increased expression of HNE persisted until 6hrs. In conclusion, the increased expression of HNE, a well known toxic product of the membrane lipid, indicated that PLC showed drug metabolizing enzyme via suicidal inhibitory effects and functions. So, these data support a membrane damaging effect of enzymatic impairment in pathological conditions of the lipid peroxidation.